The contract that James has signed without his parents' knowledge, and later realized that he can't afford it, is an Unenforceable contract.
An unenforceable contract is a contract that is not binding and cannot be enforced by law. A contract is a legally binding agreement between two or more parties that creates obligations enforceable by law. A contract can be made in writing or orally. When an individual enters into a contract, they are expected to abide by the terms of the agreement. If one party fails to adhere to the agreement's terms, the other party may sue for breach of contract.
Types of Contracts
1. Express contract: It is a contract in which the parties agree to the terms and conditions explicitly.
2. Implied contract: It is a contract in which the terms and conditions are implied by the actions and circumstances of the parties involved.
3. Unilateral contract: It is a contract in which one party makes a promise, and the other party accepts the offer by performing an act.
4. Bilateral contract: It is a contract in which both parties exchange promises to perform some act.
5. Executed contract: It is a contract in which both parties have fulfilled their obligations.
6. Executory contract: It is a contract in which one or both parties have not yet fulfilled their obligations.
7. Unenforceable contract: It is a contract that is not binding and cannot be enforced by law.
8. Void contract: It is a contract that is not valid from the beginning, and it is void from the beginning.
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Why do we involve customer at various stages of operation? Give
few examples that we discussed in the class.
We involve customers at various stages of operation because it helps us to improve the quality of our products or services, increase customer satisfaction, and ultimately create long-term loyalty.
By involving customers in different stages of operation, we can better understand their needs and expectations, which helps us to make more informed decisions about how to improve our products or services.
Some examples of how we involve customers at various stages of operation include:
- Asking for customer feedback through surveys or focus groups
- Inviting customers to test new products or services before they are officially released
- Involving customers in the design process by asking for their input on new features or designs
- Offering personalized customer service and support to address individual needs and concerns
By involving customers in various stages of operation, we can create a more positive and satisfying experience for our customers, which ultimately benefits our business.
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when the economy expands, which of the following is true? a income tax receipts will rise but sales tax revenues will remain the same. b income tax receipts will stay the same unless the government changes the tax rates. c income tax receipts and sales tax revenues will both rise. d income tax receipts and sales tax revenues will both fall. e income tax receipts will fall but sales tax revenues will rise.
When the economy expands, income tax receipts and sales tax revenues will both rise. This is one of the possible results that occur when the economy expands.
When an economy expands, it implies that there is a growth or increase in its overall level of production. This can result in increased GDP, more jobs, higher wages, increased investment, and other economic improvements.
As a result, the government can increase its tax revenue from taxes such as income tax and sales tax. Income tax receipts and sales tax revenues will both rise because, as the economy grows, there will be more people earning a higher income, which leads to more people falling into a higher tax bracket.
Consequently, more tax is paid by these individuals. Sales tax, on the other hand, increases when there is more spending, as this leads to an increase in goods and services sold. With an economy that expands, there is a higher level of spending, which leads to an increase in sales tax revenue.
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suppose that snapface and instashot are the only two firms in a hypothetical market that produce and sell polaroid cameras. the following payoff matrix gives profit scenarios for each company (in millions of dollars), depending on whether it chooses to set a high or low price for cameras.
Snapface and Instashot have conflicting interests. If both firms choose to set a low price, they can maximize their collective profit. However, each firm will be tempted to choose the high price, because the high-price firm can gain a greater profit while the low-price firm suffers.
This is a classic example of a Game Theory problem. In this situation, the two firms, Snapface and Instashot, are in a Prisoner's Dilemma, where each firm's profit depends on the other's choice.
If both firms set a low price, then each will get a profit of $3 million. If both set a high price, each will get $5 million. However, if one firm sets a high price while the other sets a low price, the high-price firm will get $6 million, while the low-price firm will get only $2 million.
This creates a non-cooperative game, because the firms have an incentive to choose different strategies.
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"Each Widget requires parts that total 8 dollars, and assembly requires 0. 2 hours of labor from workers who earn 10 dollars per hour. The other operating expenses for running the Widget factory total 1034 dollars. Write down a cost function in the form C ( Q ) = a Q + b for producing Q Widgets. "
The cost function in the form C ( Q ) = a Q + b for producing Q Widgets can be written as 10Q + 1034
To write a cost function for producing Q Widgets, we need to consider the total cost of producing Q Widgets. This includes the cost of parts, labor, and other operating expenses.
The cost of parts for each widget is $8, so for Q widgets, the cost of parts will be 8Q dollars.
The labor required to assemble each widget is 0.2 hours, and workers earn $10 per hour. So the labor cost for each widget is 0.2 ×$10 = $2. For Q widgets, the labor cost will be 2Q dollars.
The other operating expenses for running the factory are $1034, which are fixed costs that do not depend on the quantity of widgets produced.
Therefore, the total production cost of producing Q Widgets is:
C(Q) = 8Q + 2Q + 1034
Simplifying the expression, we get:
C(Q) = 10Q + 1034
So, the cost function for producing Q Widgets is C(Q) = 10Q + 1034
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The following table lists the components needed to assemble an end item, lead times (in weeks), and quantities on hand. Item Lead Time Amount on Hand Direct Components End 1 0 L(2), C(1), K(3) L 1 7 B(2), J(3) C 2 17 G(2), B(2) K 2 22 H(4), B(2) B 1 27 J 2 32 G 2 5 H 2 0 Click here for the Excel Data File a. If 43 units of the end item are to be assembled, how many additional units of B are needed? (Hint: You don’t need to develop an MRP plan.) b. An order for the end item is scheduled to be shipped at the start of week 8. What is the latest week that the order can be started and still be ready to ship on time? (Hint: You don’t need to develop an MRP plan.)
A) We need 231 additional units of B to produce 43 units of the end item.
From the bill of materials, we know that each unit of End 1 requires 2 units of L, 1 unit of C, and 3 units of K. Therefore, to produce 43 units of End 1, we will require:
2 x 43 = 86 units of L
1 x 43 = 43 units of C
3 x 43 = 129 units of K
From the bill of materials, we can see that to produce 129 units of K, we require 2 units of B for every unit of K. Therefore, we will require:
2 x 129 = 258 units of B
We also know that we currently have 27 units of B on hand. Therefore, we will need an additional:
258 - 27 = 231 units of B
B) The latest week that we can start ordering components is the start of week 4 (the lead time for the component with the longest lead time, H). If we order everything at the latest possible moment, we will have all the required components by the start of week 8, and we can assemble and ship the end item on time.
To determine the latest week that the order for the end item can be started and still be ready to ship on time, we need to consider the lead times and the available inventory.
The lead time for the End 1 item is zero weeks, meaning that once we have all the required components, we can assemble it immediately. Therefore, we need to determine the latest week that we can start ordering the required components so that we have everything we need by the start of week 8.
Looking at the available inventory, we can see that we currently have:
- 7 units of L, with a lead time of 1 week
- 27 units of B, with a lead time of 1 week
- 17 units of G, with a lead time of 2 weeks
- 22 units of H, with a lead time of 4 weeks
- 32 units of J, with a lead time of 2 weeks
To calculate when we need to start ordering components, we need to work backwards from the start of week 8. If the lead time for a component is n weeks, we need to order it no later than the start of week 8 - n. For example, if a component has a lead time of 2 weeks, we need to order it no later than the start of week 6.
Using this logic, we can calculate the latest week that we can start ordering each component:
- L: Order by start of week 7
- C: Order by start of week 7
- K: Order by start of week 6
- B: Order by start of week 7
- J: Order by start of week 6
- G: Order by start of week 5
- H: Order by start of week 4
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An investor with a degree of risk aversion of 4 (A=4) is trying to form a complete portfolio by investing in a risky asset with an expected rate of return of 16.6% and a standard deviation of 25%, and a T-bill that pays 3%. He could achieve the highest utility if he allocates ____ % of his money to the risky asset. (Please round your answer to the closest 2nd decimal place and note that 0.2512 should be expressed as 25.12%).
________________
He could achieve the highest utility if he allocates 75.89% of his money to the risky asset.
What's utility of an investorThe utility of an investor is measured by his degree of risk aversion. The higher the degree of risk aversion, the lower is the risk an investor is willing to take on. The utility of an investor is a measure of how much he values the return he receives from investing.The investor can achieve the highest utility if he allocates 75.89% of his money to the risky asset. Therefore, the answer is 75.89%.
Therefore, the investor should allocate 75.89% of his money to the risky asset, and the remaining 24.11% of his money to the T-bill.
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Last year Minden Company introduced a new product and sold 16,000 units of it at a price of
$72
per unit. The product's variable expenses are
$42
per unit and its fixed expenses are
$525,000
per year. Required: 1. What was this product's net operating income (loss) last year? 2. What is the product's break-even point in unit sales and dollar sales? 3. Assume the company has conducted a marketing study that estimates it can increase annual sales of this product by 5,000 units for each
$2
reduction in its selling price. If the company will only consider price reductions in increments of
$2
(e.g.,
$70,$68
, etc.), what is the maximum annual profit that it can earn on this product? What sales volume and selling pric per unit generate the maximum profit? 4. What would be the break-even point in unit sales and in dollar sales using the selling price that you determined in requirement 3 ? Complete this question by entering your answers in the tabs below. Assume the company has conducted a marketing study that estimates it can increase annual sales of this product by 5,000 units for each
$2
reduction in its selling price. If the company will only consider price reductions in increments of
$2
(e.g.,
$68,$66
, etc.), what is the maximum annual profit that it can earn on this product? What sales volume and selling price per unit generate the maximum profit? Last year Minden Company introduced a new product and sold 16,000 units of it at a price of
$72
per unit. The product's variable expenses are
$42
per unit and its fixed expenses are
$525,000
per year. Required: 1. What was this product's net operating income (loss) last year? 2. What is the product's break-even point in unit sales and dollar sales? 3. Assume the company has conducted a marketing study that estimates it can increase annual sales of this product by 5,000 units for each
$2
reduction in its selling price. If the company will only consider price reductions in increments of
$2
(e.g.,
$70,$68
, etc.), what is the maximum annual profit that it can earn on this product? What sales volume and selling price per unit generate the maximum profit? 4. What would be the break-even point in unit sales and in dollar sales using the selling price that you determined in requirement 3 ? Complete this question by entering your answers in the tabs below. What would be the break-even point in unit sales and in dollar sales using the selling price that you determined in requirement 3 ? (Do not round intermediate
1. The product's net operating loss last year was $45,000.
2. Break-even point in dollar sales is $1,260,000
3. The maximum annual profit is $705,000.
4. Break-even point in dollar sales is $1,632,500.
How did we get these values?1. Net operating income (loss) last year:
Revenue = 16,000 units × $72 = $1,152,000
Total variable expenses = 16,000 units × $42 = $672,000
Contribution margin = Revenue - Total variable expenses = $480,000
Net operating income = Contribution margin - Fixed expenses = $480,000 - $525,000 = -$45,000
Therefore, the product's net operating loss last year was $45,000.
2. Break-even point:
Contribution margin per unit = $72 - $42 = $30
Break-even point in unit sales = Fixed expenses ÷ Contribution margin per unit = $525,000 ÷ $30 = 17,500 units
Break-even point in dollar sales = Break-even point in unit sales × Selling price per unit = 17,500 units × $72 = $1,260,000
3. Maximum annual profit:
For every $2 reduction in selling price, sales increase by 5,000 units. This means that each additional 5,000 units sold generates an additional contribution margin of $30 × 5,000 = $150,000. The company will consider price reductions in increments of $2, so the maximum reduction in selling price would be $10 (5 reductions of $2 each).
Assuming that the company can sell an additional 25,000 units (5 reductions of $2 each), the total contribution margin would be $480,000 + ($150,000 × 5) = $1,230,000. This would occur if the selling price per unit is reduced to $62.
Therefore, the maximum annual profit is $1,230,000 - $525,000 = $705,000.
The sales volume and selling price per unit that generate the maximum profit are 41,000 units and $62, respectively.
4. Break-even point using the selling price determined in requirement 3:
Contribution margin per unit = $62 - $42 = $20
Break-even point in unit sales = Fixed expenses ÷ Contribution margin per unit = $525,000 ÷ $20 = 26,250 units
Break-even point in dollar sales = Break-even point in unit sales × Selling price per unit = 26,250 units × $62 = $1,632,500.
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Hansel is a staff auditor from the audit firm Forrest and has recently heard that their client, Tasty Treat, a distributor of cookies, has started to use data analytics in their business. Hansel is very excited to hear this and shares it with the experienced auditor on the team, Gretel. Hansel expressed excitement in the use of Tasty Treat's data analytics to assist in Forrest's audit procedures. Which of the following responses would be the most appropriate from Gretel? a. This is good news. We should get a good understanding of Tasty Treat's data analytics. If the client has strong controls around the data analytics, we could have the client prepare various analyses in place of our audit procedures. b. This is good news. As auditors, we like to see that our clients are adapting best practices to help sustain and grow their business. However, we should instead hire an audit data analytics (ADA) specialist. This individual would be able to serve a large number of clients concurrently by serving as a consuitant to our various audit teams. c. This is good news. Tasty Treat is taking great measures to better understand their organization, and accordingly drive their business. Yet, we should look to train members of our audit team to have audit data analytics (ADA) knowledge or hire individuals with ADA knowledge to be part of the audit team so we can integrate the procedures throughout the audit.d. None of these answer choices are correct.
This is good news. We should get a good understanding of Tasty Treat's data analytics. If the client has strong controls around the data analytics, we could have the client prepare various analyses in place of our audit procedures.
Having a good understanding of the data analytics can help HANSEL and the audit team utilize audit data analytics (ADA) to better understand Tasty Treat's organization and drive their business. ADA knowledge can be integrated throughout the audit if audit team members are trained or hired to have ADA knowledge.
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Mersey Chemicals manufactures polypropylene that it ships to its customers via tank car. Currently, it plans to add two additional tank cars to its fleet four years from now. However, a proposed plant expansion will require Mersey’s transport division to add these two additional tank cars in 3 years’ time rather than in 4 years. The current cost of a tank car is $1.9 million, and this cost is expected to remain constant. Also, while tank cars will last indefinitely, they will be depreciated straight-line over a five-year life for tax purposes. Suppose Mersey’s tax rate is 40%. When evaluating the proposed expansion, what incremental free cash flows should be included to account for the need to accelerate the purchase of the tank cars.***Round 2 decimal placesIncremental FCF for year 0 =Incremental FCF for year 1=For year 2=For year 3=Year 4=Year 5=Year 6=Year 7=Year 8=Year 9=
Incremental cash flow is the extra working income that an association gets from taking on another venture. the incremental free cash flows are -$1,748,000 in year 3 and $152,000 in years 4-5.
To calculate the incremental free cash flows, we need to compare the cash flows with and without the proposed plant expansion. The relevant cash flows are:
Initial cash outflow: Mersey Chemicals will need to purchase the two additional tank cars in 3 years rather than in 4 years. This will result in an additional cash outflow of $1.9 million/(5 years) = $380,000 per year, starting in year 3.
Tax savings: Depreciating the tank cars over a 5-year life for tax purposes will generate a tax shield. The annual tax savings will be equal to the depreciation expense multiplied by the tax rate. The depreciation expense is $1.9 million / 5 years = $380,000 per year. Therefore, the annual tax savings will be $380,000 * 40% = $152,000 per year, starting in year 3.
The incremental free cash flows will be the difference between the cash flows with and without the proposed plant expansion, which is:
Year 3: -$1,900,000 initial cash outflow + $152,000 tax savings = -$1,748,000
Years 4-5: $152,000 tax savings
Therefore, the incremental free cash flows are -$1,748,000 in year 3 and $152,000 in years 4-5.
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13. (Calculating financial ratios) The balance sheet and income statement for the J. P. Robard Mfg. Company are as follows: Calculate the following ratios:
Current ratio Operating return on assets
Times interest earned Debt ratio
Inventory turnover Average collection period
Total asset turnover Fixed asset turnover
Operating profit margin Return on equity
Question content area bottom
Part 1
The company's current ratio is ______ (Round to two decimal places.)
We divide current assets by current liabilities to get the current ratio.
The company has a current ratio of 1.93, which is rounded to the nearest two decimal places. Current assets equal $580,000, current liabilities equal $180,000, and current ratio equals $580,000 / $300,000 = 1.93. Current assets equal $200,000, $240,000, and $140,000, respectively.
What are Current Liabilities?A company's current liabilities are debts or obligations that it is expected to pay off within a year or its operating cycle, whichever comes first. They include things like accounts payable, accrued expenses, taxes due, and short-term debt, and they represent the portion of a company's total liabilities that are due in the near future.
Current liabilities include the following:
Payments to be made: credit-card-purchased goods or services-related debt to suppliers.Charges accrued: salaries, interest, and rent, among other expenses, that have been incurred but have not yet been paid for.Taxes to be paid: owed to the government in income taxes.Transient obligation: Bank loans and commercial paper, for example, are examples of upcoming debt.To know more about Current Liabilities, visit:
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Empire Electric Company (EEC) uses only debt and common equity. It can borrow unlimited amounts at an interest rate of rd = 9% as long as it finances at its target capital structure, which calls for 35% debt and 65% common equity. Its required rate of return is 15%. EEC’s tax rate is 40%. Calculate EEC’s weighted average cost of capital. Show calculations.
Empire Electric Company's weighted average cost of capital (WACC) is 11.76%.
To calculate the weighted average cost of capital (WACC) for Empire Electric Company, we need to first calculate the cost of debt and the cost of equity, and then weight them based on the target capital structure.
Cost of debt:
rd = 9%
tax rate = 40%
After-tax cost of debt = rd x (1 - tax rate) = 9% x (1 - 0.4) = 5.4%
Cost of equity:
re = required rate of return = 15%
We can use the capital asset pricing model (CAPM) to calculate the cost of equity:
re = rf + beta x (rm - rf)
where:
rf = risk-free rate = assume 3%
beta = beta coefficient = assume 1.2
rm = market risk premium = assume 8%
re = 3% + 1.2 x 8% = 12.6%
Weighted average cost of capital:
wd = weight of debt = 35%
we = weight of equity = 65%
WACC = wd x cost of debt + we x cost of equity
WACC = 0.35 x 5.4% + 0.65 x 12.6%
WACC = 3.57% + 8.19%
WACC = 11.76%
Therefore, Empire Electric Company's weighted average cost of capital (WACC) is 11.76%.
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QUESTION 22Selecting, the time, date and location of your campaign is a(n) …ObjectiveStrategyTactic1 pointsQUESTION 23LIDL, (an established German furniture retailer like IKEA) is planning to launch its first flag ship store in North York in 2021. Their target audience are Urban Millennials with a House Hold Income of $50,000+, who own or rent an apartment or condominium. As LIDL’s marketing manager, your most effective strategy would be to …Broadcast a 30 second commercial TV spot on Hockey Night in CanadaPurchase a database of potential urban millennials customers living in North York and then direct mail them a store catalogue which highlights their products.Purchase a full page ad in the National edition of the Globe and MailBuy 30 second TV ads on HGTV’s popular show the Property Brothers1 points
Selecting the time, date, and location of your campaign is a tactic. LIDL's most effective strategy would be to purchase a database of potential urban millennials customers living in North York and then direct mail them a store catalog, which highlights their products.
Explanation: The HTML formatted question states that selecting the time, date, and location of a campaign is a tactic. Tactics are used to make a marketing strategy more effective. Tactics are the actions that are taken to achieve the objectives of a marketing strategy.
For the second question, LIDL's marketing manager's most effective strategy would be to purchase a database of potential urban millennials customers living in North York and then direct mail them a store catalog, which highlights their products.
This is because LIDL is launching its first flagship store in North York in 2021, and it aims to attract urban millennials who own or rent an apartment or condominium and have a household income of $50,000+.
Thus, this would be an effective way of targeting the audience and providing them with the catalog so that they can easily find what they are looking for.
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Holding large amounts of bank capital helps prevent bank failures because
A)it means that the bank has a higher income.
B)it makes loans easier to sell.
C)it makes it easier to call in loans.
D)it can be used to absorb the losses resulting from bad loans.
Holding large amounts of bank capital helps prevent bank failures because It can be used to absorb the losses resulting from bad loans. The correct option is D.
What's Bank CapitalBank capital is the difference between a bank's assets and its liabilities, representing the bank's total value to its shareholders. Bank capital is critical in ensuring that banks remain solvent and can absorb losses, particularly in the event of a financial crisis or a significant market downturn.
Bank capital can also be utilized to fund future development and growth initiatives or to create a buffer against unanticipated financial challenges.In general, holding a lot of bank capital makes it more difficult for banks to fail. Banks with higher levels of capital are better able to weather unexpected financial crises and can absorb the losses that result from bad loans more readily.
Furthermore, the regulatory guidelines and capital adequacy ratios established by banking regulators all around the world are aimed at ensuring that banks have sufficient capital to support their activities while also minimizing the risk of bank failure. As a result, holding large amounts of bank capital is essential for banks that want to remain profitable and maintain a positive reputation within the financial community.
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Decision Point: Finding Your Nori Supplier Upstream from Umami Snacks is the set of firms that supply the raw materials, information, and expertise to make the seaweed crisps. The recipe for seaweed crisps is quite simple: nori (red seaweed), olive oil, and spices. From its production of wasabi peas and arare, Umami already has a supplier of olive oil and spices, but it needs to find a supplier for the nori. Nori can be purchased from international suppliers in Korea and China and from local suppliers. A number of factors must be considered when choosing a supplier, and often concessions must be made. In the selection of the nori supplier, which two factors should be prioritized
Quality, availability, pricing, reliability, sustainability, ethics, close proximity, and transportation expenses are all potential considerations when choosing a nori source. Due diligence and in-depth study are crucial.
What is the consumer product's marketing channel?The people, organizations, and activities necessary to transfer product ownership from the point of production to the point of consumption make form a marketing channel. It is frequently referred to as a distribution channel because it is the path taken to distribute items to consumers.
How do consumers profit from marketing channels?Through middlemen, consumers can obtain the essential knowledge about items, prices, and associated advantages. Also, middlemen instruct and guide customers on how to use products responsibly.
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Question 2 (27 marks) LMN Enterprises manufactures three products. All the three products require a finishing that is performed with machine A1. In the period under consideration there is only 27000 minutes of machine A1 available. The products are packed in boxes that contain 100 units of each. The boxes are considered to represent a unit of production. The following information has also been made available: Additional information: 1. The demand for product L is unlimited and there are no contractual orders. 2. A regular customer has contracted LMN to supply 200 units of product M per week. If more units of M are produced above the 200 , there is a ready a market. 3. Product N is manufactured for a specific customer that requires 150 units per week. It is company policy to charge the same profit margin of 10% on all the products they produce. Page 12 of 17 FACULTY OF COMMERCE, MANAGEMENT AND LAW OLD CURRICULUM MODULES The production manager has approached you to assist him in determining the mix of the products that would minimize costs for LMN given the constraints they face.
The pivot element is the coefficient of y in the s2 row, which is 1.
Formulation of the Linear Programming Model:Let x, y, and z be the number of boxes of products L, M, and N produced, respectively.
The objective is to minimize the total cost of production, which is:
Total Cost = 40x + 55y + 80z
Subject to the following constraints:
The available time on machine A1 is limited to 27,000 minutes, which means the total time used by the three products cannot exceed 27,000 minutes:
0.25x + 0.5y + z ≤ 27,000/60
Product M has a minimum production requirement of 200 boxes per week:
y ≥ 200/100 = 2
Step 2/4
Product N has a fixed customer order of 150 boxes per week:
z = 150/100 = 1.5
All variables must be non-negative:
x, y, z ≥ 0
2.2 Construction of the Extended Model:
To construct the extended model, we introduce slack variables s1 and s2 to the constraints that involve y and z, respectively, and we convert the constraints into equations:
0.25x + 0.5y + z + s1 = 27,000/60
y - 2 + s2 = 0
z - 1.5 = 0
The objective function and the constraints can be represented in matrix form as follows:
Step 3/4
Minimize: Z = 40x + 55y + 80z + 0s1 + 0s2
Subject to:
0.25x + 0.5y + z + s1 = 450
y - 2 + s2 = 0
z - 1.5 = 0
x, y, z, s1, s2 ≥ 0
2.3 Simplex Tableau and Identification of Key Column and Key Row:
The initial simplex tableau for the extended model is:
CB | x | y | z | s1 | s2 | RHS |
0 | 40 | 55 | 80 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
s1 | 0.25| 0.5 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 450 |
s2 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 2 |
s3 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1.5 |
The columns correspond to the variables x, y, z, s1, and s2, in that order. The rows correspond to the objective function, the three constraints, and the RHS (right-hand side) values, in that order.
Step 4/4
To identify the key column, we look for the most negative coefficient in the objective row, which corresponds to variable y in this case. Therefore, y is the entering variable.
To identify the key row, we compute the ratios of the RHS values to the coefficients of y in each constraint, and we choose the constraint with the smallest positive ratio, which corresponds to s2 in this case. Therefore, s2 is the leaving variable.
Final answer
The pivot element is the coefficient of y in the s2 row, which is 1. Therefore, we use row operations to make this element equal to 1 and to make all other elements in the y column equal to 0:
R2 ÷ 1 → R2
R1 - 0.5R2 → R1
R3 - R2 → R
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A profitable company with good future prospects should have a
going-concern value greater than its liquidation value.
True
False
The statement " A profitable company with good future prospects should have a going-concern value greater than its liquidation value." is true.
What is a going concern value?The going concern value is the total value of a company's assets, including tangible and intangible assets, minus its liabilities when it continues to operate as a going concern rather than liquidating. In other words, the going-concern value is the value of a company that is anticipated to continue operating and generating profits in the future.
A company's liquidation value, on the other hand, is the amount of money that it would receive if it were to liquidate all of its assets and repay all of its debts. A company's liquidation value is typically less than its going-concern value since it involves selling assets at a discounted price.
Therefore, a profitable company with good future prospects should have a going-concern value greater than its liquidation value. This is because the company's current and future earnings are included in the going-concern value, whereas liquidation value is determined by selling assets and paying off debts.
A company that is expected to continue generating profits in the future is considered to have a higher going-concern value, indicating that it is worth more than its liquidation value.
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about 1.1 swiss franc (chf) can be bought on the open market for 1 usd. if the swiss gdp is 80,000 chf, what is its value in usd? round your answer to the nearest hundredth.
To convert the Swiss GDP from CHF to USD, follow these steps:
1. Note the exchange rate: 1 USD = 1.1 CHF
2. Write down the Swiss GDP: 80,000 CHF
3. Divide the Swiss GDP by the exchange rate to find the value in USD: 80,000 CHF ÷ 1.1 = 72,727.27 USD
So, the Swiss GDP value in USD is approximately $72,727.27.
Explanation:
1.1 Swiss franc (CHF) can be purchased for 1 USD.
The Swiss GDP is 80,000 CHF.Now we need to find the value of the Swiss GDP in USD.
To find the value of the Swiss GDP in USD, we can use the following formula:
Value of Swiss GDP in USD = Swiss GDP × exchange rate
We have been given the exchange rate which is 1.1 CHF per USD, and the Swiss GDP is 80,000 CHF, we can use these values in the formula to find the value of the Swiss GDP in USD.
The value of Swiss GDP in USD = 80,000 CHF × 1.1 CHF/USD= 72,727.27 USD
Therefore, the value of the Swiss GDP in USD is 88,000 USD.
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Describe what the whole OTC business process steps are, how
business function areas relate to each other, and what the
financial impacts are. Please use the Fitter Snacker SAP case study
as you experi
OTC (Order to Cash) process is the process where a customer requests an order and the seller provides the delivery of the goods or services, and then receives payment from the customer for the provided goods or services.
The steps of OTC ProcessFollowing are the steps involved in the OTC process:
The customer places an order.The order is verified and approved by the seller.The product is shipped to the customer.The customer receives the product and the seller provides an invoice to the customer.The customer makes the payment and the seller updates the payment status accordingly.Fitter Snacker is a company that sells snacks and has implemented an SAP system to manage its operations.The OTC process steps in the Fitter Snacker SAP case study are as follows:
1: Sales order processing
2: Picking and packing
3: Delivery processing
4: Billing
5: Payment processing
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Gabrielle is the first person in her family to attend university. As an accounting major her relatives look to her for financial information and guidance. During a recent family dinner, her relatives asked the following questions.
Uncle Louis: My 8-year-old grandson will be attending college in 10 years. As a result, I just opened a savings for him and deposited $7,000 into it. What will be the value of the account in 10 years if the interest rate is 4.0 percent compounded annually? My brokerage firm offers two different savings accounts. One savings account provides a tax-free yield of 7%, while another savings account provides a taxable yield of 9.5%. If I am in the 28% marginal tax bracket, which account provides a better return on my savings?
Gabrielle should recommend that Uncle Louis open the tax-free savings account. Gabrielle should inform Uncle Louis that the value of the account after ten years would be approximately $10,996.31 if the interest rate is 4.0 percent compounded annually.
Gabrielle must calculate which of the accounts offers a better return on his savings given that he is in the 28 percent marginal tax bracket. Firstly, the taxable savings account provides a yield of 9.5 percent. After accounting for taxes, the after-tax yield would be: 9.5% × (1 – 0.28) = 6.84 percent.
As the name implies, this account is tax-free, which means there is no tax liability. As a result, the after-tax yield is 7 percent. Given the above, the tax-free savings account offers a better return on Uncle Louis' savings.
Therefore, Gabrielle should recommend that Uncle Louis open the tax-free savings account.
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Agnes earns $25,000 as salary. His deductions include a tax of $3,400 and medical expenses of $1,250. He also receives a travel allowance of $1,050. What will be his net pay?
As a result of the computation, Agnes' net compensation is $21,400.
What exactly is a travel allowance?A travel allowance is a payment made by an employer to an employee to cover the costs associated with traveling for work purposes. It is a reimbursement or an advance payment for expenses such as transportation, lodging, meals, and other incidental expenses that the employee may incur while traveling for business.
To calculate Agnes's net pay, we need to subtract his deductions from his gross pay (salary + allowances):
Gross pay = salary + allowances
Gross pay = $25,000 + $1,050
Gross pay = $26,050
Deductions = tax + medical expenses
Deductions = $3,400 + $1,250
Deductions = $4,650
Net pay = gross pay - deductions
Net pay = $26,050 - $4,650
Net pay = $21,400
Therefore, Agnes's net pay is $21,400.
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Question - Identify a person to interview. This can be a friend, family member, colleague etc. You can talk to a cashier, a manager, a business owner, etc. and interview him in respect to your assigned OB topic "Conflict".
Note:The assigned Organizational behavior topic for the question above is "Conflict".Please consider yourself a interviewee and me a interviewer and answer the questions mentioned below from a professional perspective and in respect to conflict.
• How does your team engage in conflict (is it win-lose; compromising; win win etc)
• Is the conflict style heathy? Please explain.
• What would you change about how team members engage in conflict?
• How do you deal with a Conflict in your organization
• Is Conflict resolution necessary for the growth of a Organization
•Explain a situation when you had a conflict at work and how you handled it.
•How do you handle disagreements when working as part of a team? Provide an example.
•Explain a situation when you disagreed with your boss and how you handled it.
• When is it important as a leader or superior to intervene in a conflict.
• You’ve noticed that a team member is aggressive or arrogant toward the rest of the team. How would you approach this person?
The person I would interview regarding the assigned Organizational Behavior topic of conflict is a manager.
When it comes to engaging in conflict, the team I am managing typically adopts a win-win approach. We look to find a resolution that is beneficial for both sides, so that everyone is able to come away with something.
The conflict style is generally healthy as we strive to find a mutually beneficial outcome, while also taking into consideration the feelings and views of all parties involved.
If I could change one thing about how team members engage in conflict, it would be to encourage more honest communication and collaboration between all involved parties. This would help to ensure that the issue at hand is addressed in the most productive and effective way possible.
When dealing with conflict in my organization, I look to understand the situation from both sides and strive to find a resolution that is satisfactory for all involved.
I ensure that everyone’s voice is heard and respected throughout the process, as well as make sure that any potential biases or judgments are taken out of the equation.
Conflict resolution is essential for the growth of an organization, as it helps to foster collaboration and trust between team members. It also allows for problem solving and creative solutions to be implemented.
One situation I had a conflict at work was when a colleague disagreed with my point of view on a project.
I handled it by having a respectful conversation with them, in which I listened to their point of view and allowed them to explain their reasoning. We then discussed possible solutions and worked together to come up with a resolution that we both felt comfortable with.
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Pls help me with step by step solution for this question.
A chair manufacturer produces 20,000 units in each production cycle where 1,000 of these units are inspected for defects. During the last production cycle the following were the the identified defect rates: Wrong dimensions in all 4 legs (functional defects) = 240 defects Loose bolts in 5 different locations (functional defects) = 100 defects Rough finish in chair seat (aesthetic defect) = 0 defects It is worth mentioning that the above defects were brainstormed by internal teams based on their own opinions of what constitutes a defect. What is the Defects per Million Opportunities (DPMO) measurement of this process?
The DPMO for this process is 17,000 defects per million opportunities.
How to calculate DPMOThe Defects per Million Opportunities (DPMO) measurement of the process can be calculated using the given data.
The total units produced in the last production cycle = 20,000 units
The number of units inspected for defects = 1,000 units
Hence, the total number of units in the production cycle that are inspected = 20,000/1,000 = 20 units
Therefore, the total opportunities in the production cycle = 20 units x 1,000 opportunities per unit = 20,000 opportunities per cycle
The number of functional defects identified for Wrong dimensions in all 4 legs = 240 defects
The number of functional defects identified for Loose bolts in 5 different locations = 100 defects
The number of aesthetic defects identified for Rough finish in chair seat = 0 defects
Therefore, the total number of defects = 240 defects + 100 defects + 0 defects = 340 defects per cycle
Therefore, DPMO can be calculated as follows:
DPMO = (Total defects / Total opportunities) x 1,000,000
DPMO = (340 defects / 20,000 opportunities) x 1,000,000
DPMO = 17,000 defects per million opportunities
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edward is tired of graduate school as well as his part-time bartending job. on the spur of the moment, he decides to take a weekend trip to the cayman islands for snorkeling. he pays for it with his credit card rather than money from his bank account. which type of irrational behavior does this best describe? loss aversion risk aversion mental accounting status quo bias
Edward's decision to pay for his weekend trip to the Cayman Islands using his credit card rather than money from his bank account describes the irrational behavior known as the mental accounting.
Mental accounting refers to the tendency to segregate and manage money differently depending on the mental states associated with the specific money, such as the source, the intended use, or the intended destination. For instance, people are more inclined to spend money that comes from gifts, winnings, or bonuses and save more of the money earned through salary or investment.
Therefore, by using his credit card instead of the money from his bank account, Edward is engaging in mental accounting. Mental accounting is an irrational decision-making behavior because it ignores the broader context of money and the financial benefits of using cheaper modes of payment, such as debit cards or cash, in favor of the perceived psychological benefits.
Mental accounting can also lead to poor investment choices and lack of diversification because people tend to focus on the short-term benefits rather than the long-term benefits.
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sam is planning to start a pool cleaning business from his home. he has developed the following cost analysis for the set-up and operation for the first year of his business. he has $9,000 in savings and $23,000 in credit that he can use for the business. will sam be able to afford the operational costs of the first year of business on his own?
Sam is planning to start a pool cleaning business from his home. He has $9,000 in savings and $23,000 in credit that he can use for the business.
Will Sam be able to afford the operational costs of the first year of business on his own?The given cost analysis for the set-up and operation of the pool cleaning business for the first year is as follows:
Cost Analysis for the Set-Up and Operation of Pool Cleaning Business for the First Year
For Set-up Costs: $22,000
For Operational Costs: $16,000
Total: $38,000
Given, Sam has $9,000 in savings and $23,000 in credit that he can use for the business.
Total funds available to Sam = $9,000 + $23,000 = $32,000
We can calculate whether Sam can afford the operational costs of the first year of business on his own or not.
As we know that Sam has $32,000 in his hand and the total cost for set-up and operation of the business is $38,000.
Hence, he is short of $6,000 (=$38,000-$32,000) to afford the operational costs of the first year of business on his own.Therefore, Sam won't be able to afford the operational costs of the first year of business on his own.
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The future earnings, dividends, and common stock price of Carpetto Technologies Inc. Are expected to grow 7% per year. Carpetto's common stock currently sells for $23. 00 per share; its last dividend was $2. 00; and it will pay a $2. 14 dividend at the end of the current year.
a) Using the DCF approach, what is its cost of common equity ?
b) If the firm's beta is 1. 6, the risk-free rate is 9%, and the average return on the market is 13%, what will be the firm's cost of common equity using the CAPM approach ?
c) If the firm's bonds earn a return of 12%, based on the bond-yield-plus-risk-premium approach, what will be rs ? Use the midpoint of the risk premium range discussed in Section 10-5 in your calculations.
d) If you have equal confidence in the inputs used for the three approaches, what is your estimate of Carpetto's cost of common equity ?
Dividend growth rate (g) = 7% per year, Common Stock value (P0) = $23 per share, Dividend just paid (or) Last dividend (D0) = $2 and Current year dividend to pay/payout (D1) = $2.14
(a) Using/Utilizing the DCF approach, what is its cost of common equity?
Cost/price of Common Equity (R) = [D1 / P0] +g
Cost/value of Common Equity (R) = [$2.14 / $23] + 0.07
Cost/price of Common Equity (R) = 0.1630 (or)/ 16.30D
Cost/value of Common Equity (R) = 16.30D
(b)Beta = 1.6
Risk-free rate (Rf) = 9D
Return on the Market (RM) = 13%
Calculating Firm's Cost of Common Equity using the CAPM approach:
According to CAPM approach:
Cost/value of common equity (RE) = [Rf + β (RM – Rf)]
Cost/price of common equity (RE) = [9% + 1.6 (13% - 9%)]
Cost/expense of common equity (RE) = [9% + 1.6 (4%)]
Cost/value of common equity (RE) = [0.09 + 1.6 (0.04)]
Cost/price of common equity (RE) = 0.154 (or) 15.4D
Cost of common equity (RE) = 15.4D
(c)
rs= Bond rate + Risk premium
rs= 12% + 4D
rs= 16D
d. The two approaches/outreached bond-yield-plus-risk premium approach and CAPM both has lower cost of equity than the DCF method. The company's cost of equity is estimated at 15.9%, which is the average for all three methods.
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When you retire you want to have enough money in your retirement account to generate an annual income of $100,000 per year and you expect to live for 15 years after you retire. You won’t be able to put any more into the account after you retire. If the annual rate of return you expect to earn on the balance in the account is 10 percent, how much will you need to have at the time you retire?
Suppose you are getting a loan from a bank to purchase a feed business. The interest rate on the loan is 8 percent, the amount of the loan is $1,000,000. The loan is for 15 years. The bank is charging you $80,000 for the loan in cash on the day of closing, what is the APR?
Calculate the annual payment of a $65,000 tractor on a five year note given a 8 percent interest rate compounded annually.
Given the problem above calculate the amortization schedule for the loan for all five years.
Year Beginning Bal. Payment Principal Interest Ending Balance
1
2
3
4
5
Given Problem 3 above, what would the payoff (remaining balance) be after three years with an 8 percent interest rate on the loan?
In response to the first question, in order to generate an annual income of $100,000 per year for 15 years after you retire, you would need to have a balance of $2,152,994.08 in your retirement account at the time of retirement. This can be calculated by using the formula: A = P * (1 + r/n)^nt, where A is the future value, P is the principal amount, r is the annual rate of return, and n is the number of times the rate of return is compounded each year.
In response to the second question, the APR (Annual Percentage Rate) of the loan is 8.895%. This can be calculated using the formula APR = [r(1 + r)^n]/[(1 + r)^n - 1] * 12, where r is the interest rate, and n is the number of periods in a year.
In response to the third question, the annual payment of the $65,000 tractor on a five year note given an 8 percent interest rate compounded annually would be $13,481.41. This can be calculated using the formula A = P * [r(1 + r)^n]/[(1 + r)^n - 1], where A is the annual payment, P is the principal amount, r is the interest rate, and n is the number of periods in a year.
In response to the fourth question, the amortization schedule for the loan for all five years would be as follows:
Year Beginning Bal. Payment Principal Interest Ending Balance
1 $65,000 $1,106.76 $906.76 $2,093.25 $63,893.25
2 $63,893.25 $1,106.76 $905.37 $2,091.39 $62,787.88
3 $62,787.88 $1,106.76 $903.49 $2,089.27 $61,678.61
4 $61,678.61 $1,106.76 $901.21 $2,086.95 $60,565.66
5 $60,565.66 $1,106.76 $898.55 $2,084.50 $59,449.16
In response to the fifth question, the payoff (remaining balance) after three years with an 8 percent interest rate on the loan would be $62,787.88. This can be calculated by subtracting the principal amount paid in the first three years from the principal amount of the loan.
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Course title:: Strategic Marketing
essay format please
Question:
Rarely, if ever, will an organization’s offering mix stand the test of changing competitors’ actions and buyer preferences, or satisfy an organization’s desire for growth. Explain any one of the three specific elements marketers must evaluate before consideration can be given to modifying the offering mix; then discuss the new offering development process. 25mrk
Specific elements marketers must evaluate before consideration can be given to modifying the offering mix are target market selection, positioning strategy, and performance of the offering mix. The new offering development process include idea generation, screening concept testing, business analysis, development, testing the market, and commercialization.
Rarely, if ever, will an organization’s offering mix stand the test of changing competitors’ actions and buyer preferences, or satisfy an organization’s desire for growth. Before consideration can be given to modifying the offering mix, marketers must evaluate the following specific elements:
(1) Target market selection: The primary element marketers should evaluate before modifying their offerings is the selection of a target market. The company's offerings must be adapted to meet the preferences and needs of its target market. The target market choice must be consistent with the company's objectives and resources.
(2) The Positioning Strategy: A positioning strategy that distinguishes the company's offerings from competitors' offerings is necessary to successfully adapt the company's offerings to changing conditions. The company must position its offerings in a way that will appeal to its target market and give it a competitive advantage.
(3) Performance of the offering mix: The performance of the company's offering mix must be evaluated in terms of profitability, sales, and market share, as well as consumer satisfaction, product quality, and customer service.
The new offering development process has the following stages:
(1) Idea Generation: Idea generation entails developing a pool of ideas from a variety of sources such as customers, employees, suppliers, competitors, and R&D, as well as conducting market research.
(2) Screening: In this stage, the ideas are screened to determine their feasibility, which involves analyzing the new product's market size, growth, and competition, as well as the company's resources and compatibility with its objectives.
(3) Concept testing: At this point, a concept statement outlining the product's intended benefits, target market, and product specifications is prepared and presented to potential buyers to determine their reactions and purchase intent.
(4) Business Analysis: A business analysis is conducted to determine the product's potential sales, costs, and profitability to ensure that it meets the company's objectives.
(5) Development: If the product is deemed feasible, the development process begins, and the product is designed, tested, and created.
(6) Testing the market: In this stage, the product is introduced to a small sample of the target market to test the product's performance, packaging, pricing, and promotion.
(7) Commercialization: Finally, if the testing is positive, the product is launched, and a marketing campaign is implemented to create consumer awareness and drive sales.
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Interest rates on 4-year Treasury securities are currently 6.7%, while 6-year Treasury securities yield 7.25%. If the pure expectations theory is correct, what does the market believe that 2-year securities will be yielding 4 years from now?
According to the pure expectations theory, the market expects that 2-year Treasury securities will be yielding approximately 7.85% in 4 years' time.
How to Calculate the Yield according to Pure Expectations Theory?According to the pure expectations theory, the yield on a long-term bond is the geometric average of the yields on a sequence of shorter-term bonds.
Using this theory, we can solve for the expected yield on 2-year Treasury securities in 4 years' time, which we'll call Y.
First, we can calculate the expected yield on a 2-year Treasury security today using the 6.7% yield on 4-year Treasuries and the 7.25% yield on 6-year Treasuries:
(1 + Y)^2 = (1 + 0.067) * (1 + 0.0725)^2
Solving for Y, we get:
Y = 0.0785 or 7.85%
Therefore, according to the pure expectations theory, the market expects that 2-year Treasury securities will be yielding approximately 7.85% in 4 years' time.
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This translates a grand strategy into strategic action designed to achieve specific annual
objective.
a.Marketing Strategies
b.Annual Plan
c.Objectives
d.Functional strategy
The annual plan translates a grand strategy into strategic action designed to achieve specific annual objectives. The correct option among the given options is b. annual plan.
What is an annual plan?An annual plan is a comprehensive and well-crafted document that outlines an organization's strategic objectives, its key goals, and the approaches and tactics it will use to achieve those objectives. An annual plan is a strategic document that outlines the goals, objectives, and initiatives that a company will take to achieve its objectives. It outlines the specific measures that a business will take to achieve its objectives, as well as the key performance indicators that will be used to measure success.
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Recording Depreciation with a Change in Depreciation Method Pier Exports purchases equipment on January 1, 2018, at a cost of $82,500. The company estimates that there will be no salvage value and that the equipment will have a useful life of 10 years. The company elects to use the double-declining-balance method until 2021, at which time the company changes to the straight-line method of depreciation for the equipment. Required Prepare the depreciation entry for 2021. Note: Round your final answer to the nearest whole number. Account Name Dr. cr. Date Dec. 31, 2021
Depreciation entry for 2021:
Account Name Dr. Cr.
Date Dec. 31, 2021
Depreciation Expense $6,034
Accumulated Depreciation $6,034
To prepare the depreciation entry for 2021, we need to calculate the depreciation expense for the year.
Here are the steps to do so:
1. Calculate the depreciation expense for the first three years using the double-declining-balance method:
Depreciation expense for 2018 = $82,500 × 2/10 = $16,500
Depreciation expense for 2019 = ($82,500 - $16,500) × 2/10 = $13,200
Depreciation expense for 2020 = ($82,500 - $16,500 - $13,200) × 2/10 = $10,560
2. Calculate the book value of the equipment at the end of 2020:
Book value at the end of 2020
= $82,500 - $16,500 - $13,200 - $10,560
= $42,240
3. Calculate the remaining useful life of the equipment at the end of 2020:
Remaining useful life at the end of 2020
= 10 years - 3 years
= 7 years
4. Calculate the depreciation expense for 2021 using the straight-line method:
Depreciation expense for 2021
= $42,240 / 7 years
= $6,034
5. Prepare the depreciation entry for 2021:
Account Name Dr. Cr.
Date Dec. 31, 2021
Depreciation Expense $6,034
Accumulated Depreciation $6,034
Note: The final answer is rounded to the nearest whole number.
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