Where and how do the high concentration H+ ions get out of the thylakoid?

Answers

Answer 1

Answer: here's what I could find on it:

- Energy travels through the electron transport chain, which pumps hydrogen ions into the thylakoid space.

- The concentration of H+ ions is higher inside the thylakoid than it is outside.  the ions flow through the channel by diffusion.

Explanation: sorry if that's not what you need.

Answer 2

The hydrogen ions are allowed to pass through the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast through an embedded protein complex called the ATP synthase.

What is the ATP synthase?

ATP synthase is a protein complex which is made up of various enzymes which catalyzes the formation of the energy storage molecules such as ATP (Adenosine triphosphate) using ADP (adenosine diphosphate) and Pi (inorganic phosphate). It is classified under the ligase class of enzyme as it changes ADP molecule by the formation of P-O bonds.

ATP synthase requires energy to form energy storing molecules such as ATP, from adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and inorganic phosphate (Pi). Because of this, ATP synthesis is coupled with the cellular respiration of the mitochondria and electrochemical gradient which is created by the difference in proton (H⁺) concentration across the mitochondrial membrane during the electron transport through the electron transport chain (ETC). In plants, proton gradient is formed in the chloroplast, in the thylakoid lumen and through the thylakoid membrane.

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Related Questions

please help me if your right ill give you anything please hellppp​

Answers

Answer:

C

Explanation:

An ecosystem food chain always starts with producers

Consumers then consume the energy from producers (prey on them)

Decomposers are organisms which break down dead material and provide energy to the environment for which producers can use which creates a looped cycle

If cup b and cup e represent different ecosystems, how are they different

Answers

If you’re talking about bewibes

difference between D and DD with same band size is 1”, the same measurement difference as between an A cup and a B cup, a B cup and a C cup, a C cup and a D cup.
They’re different because there is 2 types of factors in our ecosystem. First is Abiotic factor in which non living chemical and physical parts of the environment that affect living organisms and the functioning of ecosystems while biotic factor is where any living component that affects another organism pr the shapes the ecosystem. Both components plays a huge role in our ecosystem

A sequence of a DNA template strand is shown below.
3’ T C C A A T G G C T T A T T T G C A 5’



Which of these is the correct amino acid chain produced from the DNA template strand?

Arginine – Leucine - Proline – Asparagine – Lysine – Arginine

Serine - Leucine – Proline – Asparagine – Lysine – Arginine

Tryptophan – Phenylalanine – Leucine – Glycine – Asparagine – Phenylalanine

Tryptophan – Phenylalanine – Leucine – Glycine – Asparagine - Serine

Answers

it’s the first option!

Explanation: It translates to agg uua ccg aau aaa cgu and the bases are Arg, Leu, Pro, Asp, Lys, and Arg. In that order. Hope this helps!

The correct amino acid chain produced from the DNA template strand will be Arginine – Leucine - Proline – Asparagine – Lysine – Arginine. The correct option is A.

What is amino acid?

Amino acids are molecules that form proteins when they combine. The building blocks of life are amino acids and proteins.

Amino acids are left over after proteins are digested or broken down. To help the body, the human body uses amino acids to make proteins: Food should be broken down.

A codon is a three-nucleotide (DNA or RNA) sequence that forms a unit of genomic information encoding a specific amino acid or signaling the end of protein synthesis (stop signals).

There are 64 different codons, 61 of which specify amino acids and three of which serve as stop signals.

The amino acid sequence for the given template will be:

3' AGGUUACCGAAUAAACGU 5'

So, as per three letter code, the amino acid chain will be:

Arginine – Leucine - Proline – Asparagine – Lysine – Arginine

Thus, the correct option is A.

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PLEASE HELP
Experimental question: At what pH and amount of substrate would the enzyme amylase would have the most amount of product (enzyme activity)?

Whats your Hypothesis
Answer:

Answers

My hypothesis will be that the enzyme pH will have a hot temperature and will make small amounts of the enzymes activity because it takes time to process.

What is the proper way to write a scientific name of an organism?

Answers

Explanation:

The correct way to write a scientific name is by using the genus and species of the organism. 

hope it helps!

here is the question I attached a image​

Answers

Answer:

pretty sure it's A

Explanation:

qualitative data is something that describes characteristics while quantitative is more number and statistic based

hope this is correct and helps no promises

This cycle differs from all of the other cycles because it occurs:
a. In both the atmosphere and on land
b. Only in the atmosphere
c. Only in the ocean
d. Only on land

Answers

Is there supposed to be an image?

The Gastropod is found in multiple rock layers. What does this indicate?

Answers

Answer:it adds layer of rocks

Explanation:

Because fossils add up on top of each other

Need help immediately please !!!

Answers

Answer:

smooth green would be ssgg

smooth yellow would be ssGg

constricted green would be Ssgg

and constricted yellow would be SsGg

What 3 numbers surround the element symbol?

Answers

C I did bio last year and had an A every quarter

How does a plant cell differ from an animal cell? Group of answer choices A plant cell can make its own glucose; an animal cell cannot A plant cell cannot synthesize proteins an animal cell can. A plat cell cannot perform cellular respiration; an animal cell can.

Answers

Answer:

plant cell can make its own glucose; an animal cell cannot

Explanation:

Chloroplasts are found in plant cells, but not in animal cells. The purpose of the chloroplast is to make glucose that feed the cell's machinery. Photosynthesis is the process of a plant taking energy from the Sun and creating glucose.

Assume that a DNA double helix contains 100 base pairs (one pair is A-T or C-G) and there are 45 cytosines.
a. How many guanines are there?
b. How many adenines are there?

Answers

Cytosine(C) binds with Guanine(C)

Adenine(A) binds with Thymine(T)

a.From here we can deduct that there are the same number of nucleotides of guanine that as cytosine=>G=45 base pairs

b.2A=100-G-C

   2A=100-90 2A=10 A=5 base pairs

Identify the parts of a good hypothesis?

Answers

Answer:

these are some of the answers i could come up with hope this helps

Explanation:

a good hypothesis is stated in the if then format.

a good hypothesis is testable

a good hypothesis is written clearly

a good hypothesis is educated

Please answer these 4 questions!!!! All you have to do is fill in the blank with one of the words at the top!

Answers

Answer:
Sensory receptors respond to stimuli by sending messages to the brain for immediate behavior or storage as memories.
Mechanical Input enters the body using vibrations through the skin and ears.
Chemical input enters the body using molecules through the nose and mouth.
Electromagnetic input enters the body using waves through the eyes.

____________ polymerase is used to add new RNA nucleotides to make RNA.

Answers

RNA polymerase is used to add new RNA nucleotides to produce RNA.

RNA polymerase

It is the enzyme responsible for copying the sequence of DNA into the sequence of RNA during the process of transcription.

The information encoded in DNA is used to produce RNA during the process of transcription.

The production of RNA takes place by the enzyme RNA polymerase, by using the antisense strand of the DNA as the template by supplementing the complementary RNA nucleotides to the 3 prime terminal of the developing strand.

The enzyme RNA polymerase combines with the DNA at a sequence known as the promoter at the time of the beginning of transcription.

Thus, the given blank can be filled with RNA.

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At which stage of meiosis do chromatids separate and become daughter chromosomes?

Answers

Answer:

Meiosis II

Explanation:

ksksjsnsbsjjakakak

anaphase 1
During anaphase 1 of meiosis, homologous chromosomes separate, and duplicated chromosomes (with centromeres intact) move to opposite poles. During anaphase of mitosis, sister chromatids separate. becoming daughter chromosomes that move to opposite poles.

If the yellow allele is dominant (Y) and the green allele is recessive (y), what are the possible genotypes of a green offspring?

Answers

Answer:

yy

Explanation:

it can only be yy because you need 2 recessive genes to show a recessive trait.

A plant with Yy genes could pass the recessive genes on, but would still show the dominant trait.

The possible genotype of the green offspring is yy, i.e., recessive one and will express only in absence of dominant allele.

What is genotype?

In a broad sense, the word "genotype" refers to an organism's genetic makeup; in other words, it describes an organism's entire set of genes.

In a narrower sense, the term can refer to the alleles, or variant forms of a gene, that an organism carries.

A genotype is a classification of the type of variant found at a specific location (i.e., a locus) in the genome.

Symbols can be used to represent it. For example, the letters BB, Bb, bb could be used to represent a specific variant in a gene.

In the given scenario, Y is dominant allele which will express in combination with y means the recessive one.

Thus, for expressing the green allele, it should be yy.

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which body system gives your body structure?​

Answers

The skeletal system
The skeletal system I’m pretty sure

TIMED PLS HELP!!
Which of the following distinguishes how large supermarket chains are able to provide the public with fruits and vegetables for lower costs?
A. Large supermarket chains always provide the customer with the best prices, even if it means sacrificing their own profits.
B. Large supermarket chains usually buy food from overseas, which is generally cheaper than buying local foods
C. Large supermarket chains can negotiate prices because they have such a strong presence in the agricultural community
D. Large supermarket chains often buy food from farms that use cheap and unsustainable farming practices.

Answers

Answer:

C. Large supermarket chains can negotiate prices because they have such a strong presence in the agricultural community. Im sorry no one answers these

Who is known as father of Zoology

A) Darwin B) Aristotle
C) Lamark D) Theophrastus

Answers

Answer:

Aristotle

Explanation:

Answer:

I believe the answer is B) Aristotle

Hope this helps :)

What causes convection currents in the atmosphere?

Answers

Explanation:

in the atmosphere, the air warms up and rises and allows cooler air to flow underneath. its like picking up an object.

Which phrase best describes an individual organ?
A. Meets all the needs of an organism
B. The simplest unit of life
C. Made of one kind of cell
ОО
D. Made of different kinds of tissues
SUBMIT

Answers

Answer:

C. Made of one kind of cell

I think this is the answer so if I am wrong pls correct me!

How do Newton’s laws of motion explain why it is important to keep the ice smooth on a hockey rink so that players can pass a puck as quickly as possible?

Smooth ice reduces the inertia of the hockey puck.
Smooth ice increases the force used to accelerate the hockey puck.
Smooth ice reduces the unbalanced forces that would slow the hockey puck.
Smooth ice decreases the reaction force that the ice exerts on the hockey puck.

Answers

It is important to keep the ice smooth on a hockey rink because this reduces the unbalanced forces that would slow the hockey puck.

Frictional forces

Frictional forces are opposing forces to the motion of an object on a platform.

In order to be able to pass a puck as quickly as possible on a hockey rink, there should be a minimal frictional force on the ice surface on which the puck moves.

With minimal opposing forces, the puck will move as unhindered as possible and passing as fast as possible would be easy.

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Answer:

C

Explanation:

New seed does not germinate in spite of suitable environment Why?​

Answers

Answer:

All seeds do not germinate to form new plant because some are not fulfilled with the appropriate amount of nutrients.

Explanation:

A new seed does not germinate in spite of a suitable environment due to a lack of enough nutrients in the soil, a seed may undergo the dormant stage, and too much or little water in the soil.

What is Germination?

Germination may be defined as a process through which a seed grows into a seedling.  

A lack of nutrients does not deliver enough energy to seed for germination. If the soil has too little water or no water, a seed remains dormant throughout, while if it has too high water, then the seed becomes susceptible to infections.

Under all the above conditions, a seed will germinate into a seedling in spite of a suitable environment.

Therefore, it is well described above.

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A student conducts an experiment to determine how the amount of water given to a plant affects its growth. Which of the following is not a constant or control for this experiment?

a. the type of plant
b. the amount of soil
c. the amount of water
d. the amount of time in the sun

Please select the best answer from the choices provided A B C D

Answers

Answer:

Its C

Explanation:

What are the three main groups into which mammals are divided?

Answers

Answer:

The three groups into which mammals are divided are monotremes, marsupials, and placentals.

Answer:

Monotremes, Marsupials, and Placental mammals.

Mono mammals lay eggs

Marsupials are developed in the stomach/pouch

Placental mammals are developed in the fetus/uterus.

Explain the difference between a parliamentary system of government and a presidential system of government

Answers

Answer:

A key difference between presidential and parliamentary systems lies in the power to remove a chief executive or to dissolve the legislature. In parliamentary systems, the chief executive's term of office is directly linked to that of the legislature, while in presidential systems the terms are not linked.

Explanation:

If the DNA sequence is --- AAA TAT CCG TAG CAA ATG, write the mRNA sequence, tRNA anticodon sequence, and the six amino acids for this.

Answers

adenine(A) binds with uracil(U)

Thymine(T) binds with Adenine(A)

guanine(G) binds with cytosine(C)

The complementary mRNA, which contains the codons is

UUU AUA GGC AUC GUU UAC

The complementary tRNa , which contains the anticodons is

AAA UAU CCG UAG CAA AUG

The six aminoacids are

phenylalanine-isoleucine-glycine-isoleucine-valine-tyrosine

The bases tend to exist as a pair in the DNA’s double helix structure. The bases are bonded by hydrogen bonds.

Their bonds are mentioned as follows:

Adenosine (A) is paired with thymine (T) Cytosine (C) is paired with guanine (G)

However, the base thymine (T) is present only in the nucleotide of DNA and the base uracil (U) is present only in the nucleotide of RNA.

Based on the understanding of the nucleotide and central dogma concepts, the following sequences are determined:

DNA Sequence:               AAA TAT CCG TAG CAA ATGmRNA Sequence:            UUU AUA GGC AUC GUU UACtRNA anticodon:              AAA UAU CCG UAG CAA AUGSix amino acids:              PHE ILE GLY ILE VAL TYR

Six amino acids are namely Phenylalanine, Isoleucine, Glycine, Isoleucine, Valine, and Tyrosine.

Thus, the DNA sequence is used to determine the other RNA sequences and amino acids.

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Which is not a disease of the respiratory system?
O COPD
O Asthma
O Diabetes

Answers

The answer is Diabetes

Answer:

I think non of them are correct. here is the reason

Explanation:

Diabetes has an impact on lung function, or how well you breathe. Some studies show that lung function gets worse as blood glucose levels increaseAsthma is a long-term disease of the lungs. It causes your airways to get inflamed and narrow, and it makes it hard to breathe.Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic inflammatory lung disease that causes obstructed airflow from the lungs. Symptoms include breathing difficulty, cough, mucus (sputum) production and wheezing

In the cochlea: A. sight occurs B. the visual image is projected O C. sound vibrations are converted to nerve impulses O D. sound is made either louder or softer​

Answers

Answer:

C, is the answer

Explanation:

Option C. sound vibrations are converted to nerve impulses.

What is in the cochlea?

The cochlea contains the sensory organ of hearing. It bears a striking resemblance to the shell of a snail and in fact, takes its name from the Greek word for this object. The cochlea is a spiral tube that is coiled two and one-half turn around a hollow central pillar, the modiolus.

What is the main function of the cochlea?

The cochlea is a hollow, spiral-shaped bone found in the inner ear that plays a key role in the sense of hearing and participates in the process of auditory transduction. Sound waves are transduced into electrical impulses that the brain can interpret as individual frequencies of sound.

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