Which of the samples pictured is most likely a nonmetal?

A moderately shiny grey mineral.

A very shiny silvery mineral.

A crystalline yellow mineral.

A very shiny golden mineral with many small crystals.

Answer:

3.5: Ionic Compounds- Formulas and Names

Last updatedAug 25, 2020

3.4: An Atomic-Level Perspective of Elements and Compounds

3.6: Molecular Compounds- Formulas and Names

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6.9: Binary Ionic Compounds and Their Properties

6.18: Ionic Compounds Containing Polyatomic Ions

Learning Objectives

Derive names for common types of inorganic compounds using a systematic approach

Nomenclature, a collection of rules for naming things, is important in science and in many other situations. This module describes an approach that is used to name simple ionic and molecular compounds, such as NaCl, CaCO3, and N2O4. The simplest of these are binary compounds, those containing only two elements, but we will also consider how to name ionic compounds containing polyatomic ions, and one specific, very important class of compounds known as acids (subsequent chapters in this text will focus on these compounds in great detail). We will limit our attention here to inorganic compounds, compounds that are composed principally of elements other than carbon, and will follow the nomenclature guidelines proposed by IUPAC. The rules for organic compounds, in which carbon is the principle element, will be treated in a later chapter on organic chemistry.

Ionic Compounds

To name an inorganic compound, we need to consider the answers to several questions. First, is the compound ionic or molecular? If the compound is ionic, does the metal form ions of only one type (fixed charge) or more than one type (variable charge)? Are the ions monatomic or polyatomic? If the compound is molecular, does it contain hydrogen? If so, does it also contain oxygen? From the answers we derive, we place the compound in an appropriate category and then name it accordingly.

Compounds Containing Only Monatomic Ions

The name of a binary compound containing monatomic ions consists of the name of the cation (the name of the metal) followed by the name of the anion (the name of the nonmetallic element with its ending replaced by the suffix –ide). Some examples are given in Table  3.5.2 .

Table  3.5.1 : Names of Some Ionic Compounds

NaCl, sodium chloride Na2O, sodium oxide

KBr, potassium bromide CdS, cadmium sulfide

CaI2, calcium iodide Mg3N2, magnesium nitride

CsF, cesium fluoride Ca3P2, calcium phosphide

LiCl, lithium chloride Al4C3, aluminum carbide

Compounds Containing Polyatomic Ions

Compounds containing polyatomic ions are named similarly to those containing only monatomic ions, except there is no need to change to an –ide ending, since the suffix is already present in the name of the anion. Examples are shown in Table  3.5.2 .

Table  3.5.2 : Names of Some Polyatomic Ionic Compounds

KC2H3O2, potassium acetate (NH4)Cl, ammonium chloride

NaHCO3, sodium bicarbonate CaSO4, calcium sulfate

Al2(CO3)3, aluminum carbonate Mg3(PO4)2, magnesium phosphate

Ionic Compounds in Your Cabinets

Ionic Compound Use

NaCl, sodium chloride ordinary table salt

KI, potassium iodide added to “iodized” salt for thyroid health

NaF, sodium fluoride ingredient in toothpaste

NaHCO3, sodium bicarbonate baking soda; used in cooking (and as antacid)

Na2CO3, sodium carbonate washing soda; used in cleaning agents

NaOCl, sodium hypochlorite active ingredient in household bleach

CaCO3 calcium carbonate ingredient in antacids

Mg(OH)2, magnesium hydroxide ingredient in antacids

Al(OH)3, aluminum hydroxide ingredient in antacids

NaOH, sodium hydroxide lye; used as drain cleaner

K3PO4, potassium phosphate food additive (many purposes)

MgSO4, magnesium sulfate added to purified water

Na2HPO4, sodium hydrogen phosphate anti-caking agent; used in powdered products

Na2SO3, sodium sulfite preservative

Table  3.5.3 : Names of Some Transition Metal Ionic Compounds

Transition Metal Ionic Compound Name

FeCl3 iron(III) chloride

Hg2O mercury(I) oxide

HgO mercury(II) oxide

Cu3(PO4)2 copper(II) phosphate

Naming Ionic Compounds

Name the following ionic compounds, which contain a metal that can have more than one ionic charge:

Fe2S3

CuSe

GaN

CrCl3

Ti2(SO4)3

Solution

The anions in these compounds have a fixed negative charge (S2−, Se2− , N3−, Cl−, and  SO2−4 ), and the compounds must be neutral. Because the total number of positive charges in each compound must equal the total number of negative charges, the positive ions must be Fe3+, Cu2+, Ga3+, Cr4+, and Ti3+. These charges are used in the names of the metal ions:

iron(III) sulfide

copper(II) selenide

gallium(III) nitride

chromium(III) chloride

titanium(III) sulfate

Exercise  3.5.1  

Write the formulas of the following ionic compounds:

(a) chromium(III) phosphide

(b) mercury(II) sulfide

(c) manganese(II) phosphate

(d) copper(I) oxide

(e) chromium(VI) fluoride

Answer

(a) CrP; (b) HgS; (c) Mn3(PO4)2; (d) Cu2O; (e) CrF6

Explanation:

The given compound is francium sulfate.

Explanation:

While naming ionic compounds :

Given

The molecule formula of a compound[tex]Fr_2SO_4[/tex]:

To find:

The name of the given compound formula

Solution:

Cation in formula = [tex]Fr^+[/tex] = Francium cation

Anion in the formula= [tex]SO_4^{-2}[/tex] = Sulfate anion

So, the name of the given compound is francium sulfate.

Learn more about the naming of compounds here:

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Answer: 3:2

Explanation: (10.14÷3.38)÷(8.42÷4.21)=1.5=3/2

Explanation:

The lack of a control group

Answer:

They require diffrent types of atoms for their makeup I belive is the answer Hope this helps

Explanation: Wow you have a lot a questions XD :D :3

Element: A substance that is made up of only one type of atom. Compound: A substance that is made up of more than one type of atom bonded together. Mixture: A combination of two or more elements or compounds which have not reacted to bond together; each part in the mixture retains its own properties.

i hope this helps

What is the DNA strand? You have not named it.

Answer:

it is b because its releases heat in to all directions and not b because it staying inside and not releasing anything :)

Explanation:

Answer:

In ice cube heat is taken in absorbed it's an endothermic reaction

In fire heat is given out it is an exothermic reaction

Explanation:

Wanna give you one advice

Exit of heat means exothermic and you can memorize it by

The first word of both word exit ;exo

Hope it helps you

Answer:

great job!!

Explanation:

ALL IS CORRECT :)

Answer:

c

Explanation:

Answer:

A. a best guess explanation

Explanation:

A scientific theory explains why something behaves the way it does and is usually backed up by different sources. They are not speculations and can be proven. Those which are speculations and are not proven are called hypothesis. A scientific theory can also be replaced, if it is found that it does not produce valid results, or if a better theory is proposed which is made of one or more old theories.

Answer:

[tex]O^{2-}[/tex] is the symbol for an oxide ion

Answer:

Inner space

Explanation:

I hope this helps

Explanation:

Claim, Evidence, Reasoning (CER) model, an explanation consists of: A claim that answers the question. Evidence from students' data. Reasoning that involves a rule or scientific principle that describes why the evidence supports the claim.

Answer:

The statement which describes an intensive property of matter is - :

it is the same for every sample of a single substance.

Explanation:

Hence , the correct option is A (it is the same for every sample of a single substance).

Answer:

109.5

Explanation:

It's a tetrahedreal with four bonds

Answer:

Yes as you can improve The invisible to human eye force or physical force if any being applied to a object of any mass and with all individual forces as they are acting on this object

Explanation:

Answer:

Thank you ☺️

Answer:

ok whats the question dude just ask :PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP

OTHERWISE EOEOEEOEOEOOEOEOEOEOEOOEOWOWOWOWOW

wow is mom upide down

Explanation:

Answer:

Answer Option A) To attain a noble-gas electron configuration.

Explanation:

Correct answer from test

Taking into account the definition of covalent bond and octet rule, the correct answer is option A.  Atoms share electrons in covalent bonds to achieve a noble gas electron configuration.

The covalent bond is the chemical bond that occurs between atoms of non-metallic elements. These atoms have many electrons at their outermost level and have a tendency to share them to acquire the stability of the noble gas electronic structure. In this way a molecule is formed.

The tendency of the elements to reach a stable configuration is known as the octet rule. For this, the octet rule explains that there must be eight electrons in their last energy levels, thus acquiring the structure of a noble gas.

So, a covalent bond is a force that joins two atoms of non-metallic elements to form a molecule in order to comply with the octet rule.

Finally, the correct answer is option A.  Atoms share electrons in covalent bonds to achieve a noble gas electron configuration.

Learn more:

Answer:

46.943 million km

Explanation:

From an average distance of 36 million miles (58 million kilometers), Mercury is 0.4 astronomical units away from the Sun.

From an average distance of 36 million miles (58 million kilometres), Mercury is 0.4 astronomical units away from the Sun.

(I hope this helped ^^)

Answer:

A) In aldehydes, the carbon is always joined to at least one hydrogen atom.

Explanation:

Aldehydes and Ketones are organic compounds.

The main difference between them is that aldehydes have the carbon atom attached to at least one hydrogen atom.

In ketones, the carbon is attached to another carbon.

To reiterate, the striking difference between the two families is that in alkanals, a hydrogen atom is directly attached to the carbonyl group while in alkanones, no hydrogen atoms is attached to the carbonyl group but two bulky alkyl groups.

Answer:

Biogas is a type of biofuel that is naturally produced from the decomposition of organic waste. When organic matter, such as food scraps and animal waste, break down in an anaerobic environment (an environment absent of oxygen) they release a blend of gases, primarily methane and carbon dioxide.

Explanation:

Biomass is renewable organic material that comes from plants and animals. ... Biomass contains stored chemical energy from the sun. Plants produce biomass through photosynthesis. Biomass can be burned directly for heat or converted to renewable liquid and gaseous fuels through various processes.biodigester is like a mechanical stomach. It is fed with organic material, which is broken down (decomposed) by micro-organisms (bacteria) is an oxygen-free (anaerobic) environment to produce a renewable energy called biogas (methane and carbon dioxide) and other material that is mainly used as fertilizer.

Explanation:

Biogas is a type of biofuel that is naturally produced from the decomposition of organic waste.

Biomass is plant or animal material used for energy production, or in various industrial processes as raw substance for a range of products.

A Biodigester simply means a tank which digests organic material biologically. In this sense, the FilterPod is a biodigester. However, many people think of a biodigester as a tank which digests, anaerobically, without air, organic material and produces methane gas for cooking, lighting and heating ect.

Answer:

1.3 g/cm3

Explanation:

Answer:

Which indicates that thermal energy is no longer being transferred from boiling water to a mug?

The mug and the water lose all thermal energy.

The water is hotter than the mug.

The mug is hotter than the water.

•The water and the mug are the same temperature.

Explanation:

answer #D is correct

When the water and the mug are at the same temperature then thermal energy will no longer be transferred from the boiling water to the mug. Therefore, option (D) is correct.

Thermal energy is generated in a substance when an increase in temperature causes atoms and molecules to move at a faster speed and result in the molecules colliding with each other. The energy generated from the temperature of the heated material is called thermal energy.

Thermal Energy or internal kinetic energy is because of the random motion of molecules in the system. The thermal energy of any system is directly proportional to its temperature.

The more the temperature of the system, the more the movement of molecules within a given system, and the more the thermal energy of the system.

The thermal energy will be transferred from the boiling water to the mug when the water is hotter than the mug. When both have the same temperature then the thermal energy is no longer being transferred from boiling water to a mug.

Learn more about thermal energy, here:

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#SPJ6

Answer:

The statement that is true is:

II. Scientific explanations should be based on evidence or data.

                                                                                     ~Lylliara Jackson~

Explanation:

Potassium is a chemical element with the symbol K and atomic number 19. Potassium is a silvery-white metal that is soft enough to be cut with a knife with little force. Potassium metal reacts rapidly with atmospheric oxygen to form flaky white potassium peroxide in only seconds of exposure

Answer:

Explanation:

Answer:

Key Points

Viral replication involves six steps: attachment, penetration, uncoating, replication, assembly, and release.

During attachment and penetration, the virus attaches itself to a host cell and injects its genetic material into it.

Answer:

From these two values, i.e. mass and volume, density of the copper cylinder can be calculated.

Formula of density is :

Density = Mass / volume.

Now we have mass: 53.76g and volume 6cm³

Density = 53.76 / 6

Density= 8.96 g/cm³

Answer:

p =7

e = 7

n = 7

Explanation:

proton = atom number

electron = atom number - muatan

neutron = mass nimber - atomic number

Answer:

answer questions brain