What is the difference between a pathogen and an antigen

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

Antigen is a molecule capable of causing the immune system to produce antibodies against it. Pathogen is an infectious agent that may cause a disease.

Explanation:


Related Questions

Does the absence of one organism or two in the food chain change or affect the producer or consumer relationship?

Answers

Answer:

yes

Explanation:

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From cells to major organ systems, the architecture of the body and the functions the body can perform are very closely related. Can you identify body cells, tissues, organs, systems that demonstrate this relationship and discuss its significance?

Answers

Explanation:

body cells- intake the nutrients and specialized into to carry function.

tissues- have similar structure to function well in body like, connective tissue, muscle

organs- carry different identity of function in body like, heart(to pump blood) kidney( for filter and excrete wastes

Planet X is a terrestrial planet in our solar system. It has 21% oxygen in its atmosphere. Humans can walk on this planet without the aid of a space suit. Based on the description, planet X is____ .
a.Earth
b.Mars.
c.Mercury
d.Venus

Answers

Answer: the answer is actually earth

Explanation: A

What are processes in cellular respiration list 3 stages

Answers

Answer:

The reactions of cellular respiration can be grouped into three stages: glycolysis, the Krebs cycle (also called the citric acid cycle), and electron transport.

Explanation:

Hope this helps you

Crown me as brainliest :)

It is known that complex carbohydrates provide more sustained energy over time than simple sugars such as sucrose. Complex carbohydrates are polysaccharides, which are long chains of smaller sugar molecules bonded together. Simple sugars are monosaccharides that contain only one molecule.
Why do complex carbohydrates provide more energy over time versus simple carbohydrates?

Answers

Answer:

Complex carbohydrates contain longer chains of sugar molecules than simple carbohydrates. The body converts these sugar molecules into glucose, which it uses for energy. As complex carbohydrates have longer chains, they take longer to break down and provide more lasting energy in the body than simple carbohydrates

Explanation:

Answer:

A.) Complex carbohydrates have more chemical bonds to break than simple sugars, which takes longer for the body to digest and provides more units of energy for the body to use.

Proof:

A cell has chloroplasts, numerous ribosomes, an endoplasmic reticulum, and a cell wall. What type of cell is this?

Answers

Answer:

The cell with chloroplasts, abundant ribosomes, plus an endoplasmic reticulum, and a cell wall is of the plant cell type.

Explanation:

Plant cells are eukaryotic cells found in all plants, with specific characteristics given their ability to be autotrophic and use solar energy to synthesize their nutrients. The presence of many ribosomes and a developed endoplasmic reticulum is due to their high capacity for plant protein synthesis.

One characteristic that differentiates plant and animal cells is the presence of a cell wall, which surrounds the cell membrane, and chloroplasts. Chloroplasts are responsible for making the process of photosynthesis possible.

Rachal Corporation produces and sells a single product whose selling price is $150.00 per unit and whose variable expense is $57.00 per unit. The company's monthly fixed expense is $381,300.
Required:
a. Assume the company's monthly target profit is $9,300. Determine the unit sales to attain that target profit. Show your work!
b. Assume the company's monthly target profit is $18,600. Determine the dollar sales to attain that target profit. Show your work!

Answers

Answer:a) if the company's monthly target profit is $9,300, 4,200 units sales is needed

b) if the company's monthly target profit is $18,600, 4,300 units sales is needed

Explanation:

Using  The Contribution Margin Approach:  

Contribution Margin = Sales expense - variable expense

=$150.00 - $57.00

=$93

Contribution Margin Ratio= Contribution Margin/ sales expense  x 100

=93/150 x 100

= 62%

Assume the company's monthly target profit is $9,300.

A) Sales to attain the target profit = [(Fixed expenses + Target profit) ÷ Contribution Margin  ratio]

= ($381,300. + $9,300) ÷ 0.62

$390,600 ÷ 0.62

= $630,000

No. of units to be sold =Sales to attain the target profit/ selling price

$630,000/$150.00

=4,200 units

Assume the company's monthly target profit is $18,600

B) Sales to attain the target profit = [(Fixed expenses + Target profit) ÷ Contribution Margin  ratio]

= ($381,300. + $18,600 )÷ 0.62

$399,900 ÷ 0.62

= $645,000

No. of units to be sold =Sales to attain the target profit/ selling price

$645,000/$150.00

=4,300 units

What a consequence brings the fact that the cerebral cortex is more developed in humans than in animals

Answers

Answer: humans have a very high brain-weight-to-body-weight ratio, but so do other animals. ... Other intelligent animals, such as monkeys and dolphins, also have these folds in their cortex, whereas mice have smooth brains, he said. Humans also have the largest frontal lobes of any animal, Holland said.

Explanation:

describe how and where carbondioxide enters the leafe?​

Answers

Answer:Carbon dioxide cannot pass through the protective waxy layer covering the leaf (cuticle), but it can enter the leaf through an opening (the stoma; plural = stomata; Greek for hole) flanked by two guard cells. Likewise, oxygen produced during photosynthesis can only pass out of the leaf through the opened stomata.

Explanation:

The descriptive term for plants that are sturcturally adapted to withstand protracted dry conditions is ___________.

Answers

Answer:

Xerophytic

Explanation:

It is xerophytic and it is gotten from Greek word, Xeros( dry) and phutons(plants). It is an adaptive term that is use to describe plants species that posses structural adaptive features which make them to adapt and survive in areas where there is little water or dry region like desert, or area covered with ices by possessing some mechanism which help them to reduce water loss or concerns water. Examples include cactus, pineapple and some Gymnosperm plants. Some of these plants species posses extensive root system and their leaves are reduced to cacti which does not support water loss.

Which type of sensory receptors monitor position and movement of the body?

A. Photoreceptors
B. Chemoreceptors
C. Proprioceptors
D. Exteroceptors

Answers

The answer is Proprioceptors.                             

                         

C is the correct answer my guy

Can someone please help me :)

Answers

Answer:

Wit what

Explanation:

1c 2d 3b 4e 5g 6f 7a

Why do planets close to the sun have thin atmospheres and the planets far away from the sun have thick atmospheres. Use what you know about the nebular theory.

Answers

Answer:

There are two primary factors: size and distance from the Sun. Gravity helps planets and moons to hold on to their atmospheres, so small planets/moons such as Mars and the Moon have thin atmospheres. The reason why the outer planets are larger is probably down to two major factors. The first is simply the amount of material available which may be accreted to a planet. Clearly, the further away from the Sun, the longer the orbit (twice as far means an orbit twice the physical length).

Explanation:

I have a question regarding construction building code ? can you help? ​

Answers

depending on the question you should probably be able to look it up and find it in a handbook construction code for your city

Name a structural difference between triglycerides and phospholipids

Answers

Answer:

Phosphate group is the structural difference between triglycerides and phospholipids. A triglyceride contains three fatty acids attached to the glycerol backbone whereas a phospholipid has two fatty acids and a phosphate group attached to the glycerol.

Explanation:

Laws have been enacted to regulate cigarette labeling and advertising. What is this an example of?
an impact of changing scientific knowledge on society
the interrelationship of science and technology
an influence of society on scientific progress
the changing nature of scientific knowledge

Answers

Answer: B

Explanation: Society is basically a community of people and the way they live.  The study on smoking is definitely science.  So it would be b.

Answer:

A

Explanation:

I'm pretty sure it's A :)

Which is not a unique property of water

Answers

Answer:

A

Explanation:

All of the other options are specific to water, but quite a few liquids cool off a lot faster than water.

water cools very rapidly is not a unique property of water. Thus option A is correct.

what are the properties of water molecule ?

It has no taste, odor, or transparency, where the nucleus of the oxygen atom  attracts electrons strongly than the nuclei of the hydrogen atoms.

In water molecule oxygen is more electro negative and electron-greedy than hydrogen, results in the development of  a partial negative charge on the oxygen of the water and a partial positive charge on the hydrogen end.

Water shows strong cohesive property where the attraction of molecules for other molecules of the same kind is referred to as cohesion.

Surface tension is defined as  the tendency of  the surface to resist rupture when they are subjected to stress due to cohesive forces.

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Your question was incomplete, so the complete question is

Which is not a unique property of water

A) water cools very rapidly

B) frozen water floats on liquid water

C) water molecules stick to each other through hydrogen bonds

D) water covered most of the earths surface and retains a large amount of heat

help! my mom said im grounded if I don't get a good grade

Answers

Answer:

I think c

Step-By-Step equation

sorry if u get it wrong i tried my best

Humans deplete the most resources when

Answers

Answer:

Resource depletion is the consumption of a resource faster than it can be replenished. Natural resources are commonly divided between renewable resources and non-renewable resources (see also mineral resource classification). Use of either of these forms of resources beyond their rate of replacement is considered to be resource depletion. The value of a resource is a direct result of its availability in nature and the cost of extracting the resource, the more a resource is depleted the more the value of the resource increases. There are several types of resource depletion, the most known being: Aquifer depletion, deforestation, mining for fossil fuels and minerals, pollution or contamination of resources, slash-and-burn agricultural practices, Soil erosion, and overconsumption, excessive or unnecessary use of resources.

Resource depletion is most commonly used in reference to farming, fishing, mining, water usage, and consumption of fossil fuels. Depletion of wildlife populations is called defaunation.

Explanation:

How do heredity and inheritance relate to the data presented In these charts

Answers

Hereditary is Breast cancer and Inheritance is
Getting Breast Cancer basically it runs in the family inheriting.

Your risk is greatly raised if any of these relatives have had breast or ovarian cancer. However, until many of these “secondary” relatives have the disease.

What is role of inheritance in breast cancer?

A woman's risk of breast cancer nearly doubles if she has a first-degree family (mother, sister, or daughter) who has the disease.

Her risk is nearly three times higher if she has two first-degree relatives. A woman's risk of developing breast cancer is considerably higher if her father or sibling had the disease.

Gene changes that are connected to breast cancer are typically acquired.  Only the breast cancer cells experience acquired DNA alterations over time.

Therefore, Hereditary is Breast cancer and Inheritance is Getting Breast Cancer, basically it runs in the family inheriting.

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Consider the separate stages of an animal virus life cycle. Assemble a list of structures and processes that are unique to the virus and would make good drug targets for an antiviral agent. Explain your rationale for each choice.

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

In order to make an antiviral agent, we need to find good drug targets, that is, to find structures and processes that are only present in the virus, so there is no harm on human cells when this antiviral agent is being applied.

In the virion of a naked virus, only nucleic acid and  protein are present forming the nucleocapsid. The nucleic acid and proteins of the capsid, specially, are found only in the virus and therefore make good drug targets. For example, we can express antibodies to recognize the proteins of the capsid and guide the immune system to destroy them.

Although virus particles are  metabolically inert, one or more key enzymes are present  within the virion in some viruses, for example, the reverse transcriptase. This enzyme is only found in viruses and if we find a way to inhibit the activity of this reverse transcriptase, like for example finding a competitor substrate, the virus will not be able to synthesize the DNA needed for its replication.

Regarding processes in the virus life cycle, they all have similar steps: first the attachment of the viral particle onto the cell, then the penetration of the virus, then the synthesis of early and intermediate enzymes using the host cell machinery, and finally the assembly of these viral components and lysis of the host cell to release new viral particles.

The attachment of a virion to a host cell is a highly  specific process. Recognition proteins on the virus recognize  specific receptors on the host cell. Substances that compete with the virion for these specific receptors can be used. If there is no attachment, there is no infection.

Which of the following is NOT a statement from the cell theory?
O All cells come from pre-existing cells.
•All cells require water for survival.
•All living things are composed of cells.
•Cells are the basic unit of structure and function of living things.

Answers

Answer:

The unified cell theory states that: all living things are composed of one or more cells; the cell is the basic unit of life; and new cells arise from existing cells.

Therefore, B is the answer.

"All living cells require water for survival" is NOT a statement from the cell theory.

All cells require water for survival is not a statement from the cell theory.

What is cell theory?

The cell theory is a fundamental principle in biology that states that all living organisms are composed of one or more cells and that the cell is the basic unit of life. The theory was first proposed by German scientists Matthias Schleiden and Theodor Schwann in 1839, and later refined by Rudolf Virchow in 1855. The three main principles of the cell theory are:

All living organisms are composed of one or more cells.The cell is the basic unit of life and structure for all living organisms.All cells come from pre-existing cells through the process of cell division.

The cell theory is considered one of the most important and enduring concepts in biology, and it forms the foundation for understanding the structure and function of cells and the organization of life on Earth.

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4. Earth's lower mantle lies belor what​

Answers

Answer:

crust

Explanation:

Answer:

the crust

Explanation:

Earth's lower mantle lies just below the crust. In geology, a crust is the outermost layer of a planet. The crust of the Earth is composed of a great variety of igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks

Which of these factors is involved in earthquake formation?

Answers

Answer:

The factors involved in earthquake formation are: plates moving, rocks breaking and movement below the surface.

plates moving rocks breaking stress that decreases faults that remain stationary movement below the surface.

HELP HELP HELP ASAP ILL GIVE 100 points

Answers

Answer:

What's the question you need help with?? I will try my best to help. I'm not taking free points btw. I'm just wondering on what your question is

release,connect and contract

Scientific studies show that identical twins who were separated at birth and raised in different homes may vary in height, weight, and intelligence. The most probable explanation for these differences is that

Answers

Answer:

Their height and weight will differ depending on there diet, one might be smarter than the other naturally but as their were in different home they will have different ways of comprehending it

Explanation:

I hope that helped

Identical twins who were separated at birth and raised in different homes may vary in height, weight and intelligence

Why difference is observed in height and weight?It is because of the different diet they are taking.The difference can be due to both quality and quantity.It is also because of exercise.The twin with good diet and exercise has appropriate weight.While the one with sedentary habit is over-weight.Why is the difference observed in intelligence?The intelligence not only depends on genetics it also depends on environment.It depends on factors like education, surrounding influences, etc.

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why does individual commit crime?​

Answers

People commit crimes for many different reasons. whether it is for the excitment and thrill of it or whether they were forced to or peer preasured on by another person. Maybe they robbed a bank cause they needed money or they were under the influence of drugs or alchohol

The causes of crime are complex. Poverty, parental neglect, low self-esteem, alcohol and drug abuse can be connected to why people break the law. Some are at greater risk of becoming offenders because of the circumstances into which they are born.

A brown mouse is crossed with a heterozygous black mouse if the mother has a litter of four what are the chances of one of them being brown

Answers

Answer:

I used a Punnet Square to determine what percentage of 1 of the mice would be brown.

Explanation:

12. Why does Dr. Jablonski dismiss the hypothesis that protection from skin cancer provided selection for the evolution of darker skin in our human ancestors

Answers

Answer:

Because skin cancer does not usually arise until after an individual's peak reproductive years.

Explanation:

STATION 4 Cell Theory Select the answer choice with increasing levels of organization. R. Tissue, Organ System, Organ, Population S. Cell. Tissue. Organelles, Organ System T. Cell. Tissue, Organ, Organ System V. Organ System, Organ, Cell, Tissue​

Answers

Answer:

The answer is S.

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