The results of unanticipated inflation include wealth and real income being redistributed and some people being helped while others are harmed. Therefore, the correct options are:Some people are harmed and others are helped and Wealth and real income are redistributed.
Explanation:Inflation is the rate at which the general price level of goods and services in an economy rises, decreasing the purchasing power of a currency. Unanticipated inflation is a type of inflation that occurs when the actual inflation rate is higher than what was anticipated. It occurs when the inflation rate is higher than what was predicted, making it difficult for the public to adapt to the new changes.Unanticipated inflation has a variety of consequences for an economy.
Here are some of the results of unanticipated inflation:Wealth and real income are redistributed: Unanticipated inflation affects different groups of people differently. Some individuals and sectors are harmed, while others benefit. In general, wealthy people have a higher income and thus, greater wealth than poor people. Because of the structure of most loans, poor individuals would pay higher real interest rates than wealthy individuals.Some people are harmed and others are helped:
The impact of unanticipated inflation on different groups of people depends on their specific financial circumstances. Borrowers gain at the expense of lenders, and debtors benefit at the expense of creditors. Creditors benefit from deflation, while debtors benefit from inflation.Most people are unable to anticipate the redistribution effects of inflation: Inflation redistributes wealth between lenders and borrowers, creditors and debtors, savers and spenders. However, it is difficult to anticipate the specific impact of inflation on different economic agents.
Hence, inflation tends to redistribute wealth in a random and chaotic manner.
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please answer i’ll give points
Answer:
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ABC Co. has an operating profit of$240,000. The company has 20,000 common shares outstanding and paid corporate taxes of $57,600. Interest expenses for the year were $48,000, preferred dividends paid were $26,400 and a common dividend paid was $30,000. Calculate EPS and common dividend per share. [Show detailed calculation with the formula to get proper credit]
Answer : The EPS of ABC Co. is $7.80 per share common dividend per share of ABC Co. is $1.5 per share.
Operating profit of ABC Co. = $240,000, Common shares outstanding = 20,000, Corporate taxes paid = $57,600, Interest expenses for the year = $48,000. Preferred dividends paid = $26,400. Common dividend paid = $30,000. Now, let’s calculate EPS: EPS = (Operating Profit - Preferred Dividends)/Weighted Average Common Shares
Outstanding profit after taxes = Operating Profit – Corporate Taxes = $240,000 – $57,600= $182,400. Number of common shares outstanding = 20,000, Weighted average common shares = Number of shares x number of months outstanding /12. Weighted average common shares = 20,000 shares x 12/12. Weighted average common shares = 20,000EPS = (182,400 – 26,400) / 20,000= $156,000 / 20,000= $7.80 per share.
Therefore, the EPS of ABC Co. is $7.80 per share.Now, let’s calculate the common dividend per share : Common Dividend per share = Common Dividend / Number of Common Shares. Common Dividend per share = $30,000 / 20,000= $1.5 per share.
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Whit industries manufactures shirts and has given you the following information as of december 31, 2007:
a linguistic model for artificial intelligence. Yet, if you provide me the right details, I can answer any queries you might have or offer whatever insights I'm designed to offer.Whit industries manufactures industries
Industries are economic endeavours that produce items or offer services to meet the needs and wants of people. The phrase is frequently used to refer to a particular economic sector, such as the manufacturing, building, or service industries. Depending on how they operate, what kinds of goods or services they offer, and the markets they target, industries can be categorised into a variety of groups. The economy is significantly impacted by industrial activity, which also contributes to the gross domestic product and creates job possibilities (GDP). In order to remain competitive and satisfy customer demand, industries must adapt to changes in technology, consumer tastes, and international rivalry.
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Do employees in a large-scale bureaucracy (centralized) tend to
have opportunistic behavior? Agree or disagree?
What are the factors that cause bureaucratic opportunism?
The efficient and effective operation of organizations can benefit from bureaucracies. Large businesses can structure systems and procedures while streamlining processes thanks to this. Processes become less disorganized, and management is easier.
Do workers benefit from bureaucracy?Absenteeism, high turnover rates, and mediocre levels of performance and productivity are some of the common expenses associated with bureaucracy. Employee anxiety caused by a lack of feedback, along with their dissatisfaction with their jobs, causes them to wish to quit their jobs.
What is a factor in bureaucracy?The four fundamental characteristics of bureaucracies are a clear hierarchy, specialization, a division of work, and a set of written rules, or standard operating procedures. America's bureaucracy performs three key functions that aid in the smooth operation of the government. It executes the laws and policies passed by elected officials.
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ABC Company forecasts its long-term sustainable growth rate to be 3.0%. If the firm’s required rate of return is 9.50% and recently paid a $2.00 dividend on each common share, what is its current estimated value per common share?
The Sustainable Growth Rate (SGR) is the pace at which a company's capital structure (debt/equity) might expand assuming its current capital structure is maintained.
What does it mean to be environmentally friendly?
Sustainability entails meeting the requirements of current generations without jeopardizing the needs of future generations, while maintaining a balance of economic growth, environmental stewardship, and social well-being.
To keep the seas clean, avoid using plastic bags. Planting trees to help safeguard the environment is a way of life on land. Recycling paper, plastic, glass, and aluminum is an example of responsible consumption and manufacturing. Sustainable towns and communities rely on bicycling, walking, and taking public transportation.
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What times should you assess the Shift Touchpoints while on your
shift? Select all that apply, then click Submit.
2:00pm
8:00pm
5:00pm
Check zones at Shift Change
7:00am
Check zones as needed
11:00am
Click "Submit" after checking all applicable boxes. 2 pm, 8 pm, and 5 pm. Check zones at 7:00 a.m. shift change. 11:00am Zone checks as necessary.
What do zones mean?A TV programme called "The Twilight Zone" featured strange occurrences. In a similar vein, every zone is a location with a unique characteristic. Compare the Torrid Zone, South Wintry Zone, South Humid Zone, and North Frigid Zone. Biogeography.
What do clocks do?The hour, quarter, and second hands of a clock move to indicate the time. A large enough clock could be placed within a tower. A watch is the term for a clock that is tiny enough to be worn on the wrist.
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[Short-Answer] What are advantages and
disadvantages of short-term promotions (e.g., price discount)? List
three advantages and three disadvantages of
short-term promotions.
The three advantages of short term promotion is increased sales, loyalty, and brand awareness. The three disadvantages of short term promotion are reduced brand image and profits as well as customer expectation.
Short-term promotions refer to activities are those that produce a temporary boost in business and traffic. These include price discount, trade shows, limited-time freebies, first purchase coupon, ete.
Advantages of short-term promotions are:
Increase in sales: Short-term promotions are meant to encourage sales by creating a sense of urgency. This helps boost the sales of the company.Boosts customer loyalty: Since customers get attracted to promotional offers, they feel valued and return for more purchases.Helps increase brand awareness: When a company creates an effective short-term promotion, it attracts customers who may not have been aware of the brand.Disadvantages of short-term promotions are:
Negative impact on brand image: Too many promotions can make the brand appear cheap, which can have a negative impact on its image.Can lead to a decrease in profits: Short-term promotions come at a cost and may not bring enough sales to cover the cost. This can lead to a decrease in profits if promotions aren’t executed effectively.Short-term promotions can lead to customer expectation: Frequent promotions create an expectation in customers that they will get a discount every time they make a purchase, which can make it hard for the brand to return to normal pricing levels in the future.Learn more about Brand awareness:
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A publisher entered into a contract with a paper manufacturer who used very fine materials, whereby the publisher was given the right to purchase all paper refined by the paper manufacturer for the next five years at a price set at 95% of the domestic market price at the time of delivery. The publisher agreed to purchase no less than 1,000 pounds of paper a week. At the time this contract was signed, the publisher gave written notice to the paper manufacturer that it intended to buy all paper produced by the paper manufacturer until further notice. The paper manufacturer then sold its business to a lumber-processing company.What is the effect of this sale on the paper manufacturer's obligation to the publisher?A. The sale discharges the paper manufacturer's obligation to the publisher because there has been a full performance.
B. The paper manufacturer is liable for damages if the lumber processing plant fails to deliver paper to the publisher.
C. The paper manufacturer is excused from further performance because it no longer has a factory to produce paper.
D. The paper manufacturer breached its contract with the publisher.
The effect of this sale on the paper manufacturer's obligation to the publisher is B. The paper manufacturer is liable for damages if the lumber processing plant fails to deliver paper to the publisher.
The paper manufacturer entered into a contract with the publisher to supply paper for the next five years at a set price. The contract included a minimum purchase requirement of 1,000 pounds of paper per week. When the paper manufacturer sold its business to a lumber-processing company, it effectively transferred its obligations under the contract to the new owner. However, if the lumber-processing company fails to deliver the required amount of paper to the publisher, the paper manufacturer is still liable for damages because it was the original party to the contract. The sale of the business does not discharge the paper manufacturer's obligation to the publisher.
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11. Suppose that your favorite magazine, The Economist, costs $6 per issue and Peoples magazine costs $4 per issue. If you receive 20 utils when you read People, how many additional utils would you need to get from reading The Economist to prompt you to pony up the extra $2 to purchase it instead of People magazine
To determine how many additional utils a consumer would need to get from reading The Economist to justify the extra cost of $2, we would need to know the consumer's marginal utility for each magazine.
Assuming that the consumer has a marginal utility of 20 utils for the last issue of People magazine they read, we can estimate their marginal utility for The Economist by considering how much additional utility they would receive from reading it.
If reading The Economist provides the consumer with an additional 10 utils compared to reading People magazine, for example, then the consumer would need to gain at least 10 additional utils to justify the extra cost of $2. If the consumer values each additional util equally, this means they would need to gain at least $0.20 worth of additional utility from reading The Economist to justify the additional cost of $2.
However, it's important to note that marginal utility can vary from person to person and may not be easily quantifiable in monetary terms.
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as of december 2005, trading licenses are required to conduct trades on the floor of the nyse. which of the following statements about these trading licenses is/are correct? i. licenses are auctioned off in a special type of auction called a dutch auction. ii. only a member organization of the nyse is eligible to bid for a trading license. iii. the sec determines the maximum bid price. iv. trading licenses are good for 10 years.
The following statements about trading licenses are correct:
i. Licenses are auctioned off in a special type of auction called a Dutch auction.
ii. Only a member organization of the NYSE is eligible to bid for a trading license.
iii. The SEC determines the maximum bid price.
iv. Trading licenses are good for 10 years.
What are trading licenses?Trading licenses are financial instruments or documents that grant a broker, bank, or trader the right to purchase and sell shares on behalf of clients or for their own account. They are required to participate in specific exchanges and trade financial instruments.
Trading licenses were auctioned off in a special type of auction called a Dutch auction as of December 2005 in the NYSE. Dutch auctions are similar to typical auctions, except they're conducted in reverse, with the price decreasing as the bidding progresses. Bids are placed in ascending order, with the highest bidder winning the auction.
The NYSE trading license auction, on the other hand, is a Dutch auction in which member organizations of the NYSE are eligible to participate. The SEC (Securities and Exchange Commission) determines the highest bid price for the trading licenses that are put up for auction in this auction. These trading licenses are valid for ten years.
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The expected yield on 1-year bonds over the next 5 years is 2.0%, 2.1%, 2.6%, 3.0%, and 3.8%. The current liquidity premium is 0.25% 1. Using the expectations Theory of term structure, calculate the yield on a 5-year bond today. 2. Using the Liquidity Premium Theory, calculate the yield on a 5-year bond today,
1. Using the expectations theory of term structure, the yield on a 5-year bond today using the liquidity premium theory is 2.95%.
The expectations theory is one of the three theories of term structure of interest rates. This theory establishes a relationship between long-term and short-term interest rates. The theory is based on the premise that long-term interest rates are the arithmetic average of short-term interest rates that investors expect in the future.The expected yield on a 1-year bond over the next 5 years is given as follows:2.0%, 2.1%, 2.6%, 3.0%, and 3.8%.Therefore, the expected average yield on a 5-year bond today is:
Expected yield on a 5-year bond today = (2.0% + 2.1% + 2.6% + 3.0% + 3.8%) / 5= 2.7%Thus, the yield on a 5-year bond today using the expectations theory of term structure is 2.7%.2. Using the liquidity premium theory, calculate the yield on a 5-year bond today.
The liquidity premium theory is based on the expectations theory of term structure, but it adds a premium to long-term interest rates to compensate for the lack of liquidity in the long-term market. In this case, the current liquidity premium is 0.25%.Therefore, the yield on a 5-year bond today using the liquidity premium theory is: Yield on a 5-year bond today = 2.7% + 0.25%= 2.95%. Thus, the yield on a 5-year bond today using the liquidity premium theory is 2.95%.
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Explain three reasons why the results of market research may not be useful 
The reasons why market research may not be useful are centered around obtaining the exact accuracy and the cost of conducting the entire research pointing out poor research practices and inexperience which must be accurately managed.
The required three reasons why market research may not be useful are as follows:
Prevalent research methodologies - The prevalent research methodologies that have not been updated with time will always contain sampling errors, faulty differentiation of competitors, the portrayal of low outcomes, and inadequate assessment of market conditions.Time-consuming process -The process of data collection, and financial plan build-up requires a lot of time to complete, as a lot of combinations might be required to derive meaningful information. Time management constraints the client requirement and the said research may turn meaningless with re-designing.Non-adherence to research material protocols - Research methodologies might often violate the protocols pertaining to man, material, large data sets, and environment. On that note, market research may lose its main component to the client's requirement.Based on the above-mentioned three aforesaid points, the results of market research may not be useful all the time and cause the original output to be less than up to the mark.
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inventory costing $6,300 is sold for $7,800 with terms 2/10, n/30. if the buyer pays within the discount period, what amount will be reported on the income statement as net sales?
The amount reported on the income statement as net sales is $7,644.
The net sales amount reported on the income statement can be calculated using the formula:
Net Sales = Sales - Sales Discounts
In this case, the sales amount is $7,800 and the discount percentage is 2%. Therefore, the amount of the discount is:
Discount = $7,800 x 2% = $156
The net sales amount is then:
Net Sales = $7,800 - $156 = $7,644
Therefore, the net sales amount reported on the income statement is $7,644 if the buyer pays within the discount period. This is the amount that the company actually receives from the sale after taking into account any discounts given to the buyer for early payment.
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3. Should Bank of America change its compensation strategy to include more subjective assessments of performance and a greater emphasis on cross-selling? What effect might this have on its success in the bidding war for top brokers? 5 Marks
Bank of America can change its compensation strategy to include more subjective assessments of performance and a greater emphasis on cross-selling. Of course, it has its advantages and disadvantages, so Bank of America should consider other factors that they know before deciding.
A subjective assessment is an evaluation that is based on personal opinions, judgments, and perceptions rather than objective measures or standards. The key point is that subjective assessments are based on the judgment of the evaluator rather than on objective measures or standards.
There are many potential benefits of subjective assessment. It will make a manager evaluate their employees with a fair perspective. It will help to better understand the company's core objectives and deliverables, including knowledge of its strategic roadmap. The assessment may also help employees to attain new skills that will help them in their future performance. The cross-selling emphasis will also help the company to earn new clients and increase revenue.
However, there are also many potential drawbacks. One disadvantage is that it may be tough for a company to explain to employees how they will be assessed, which will hurt employee morale. There is a possibility that favoritism may arise when managers are required to give feedback or make decisions based on subjective factors. This could harm the organization's brand image and lead to a loss of talented employees.
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Kenneth Cole (KCP) had sales of $507.3 mlon in 2005. Based on KCP's past profitability and investment needs, you expect EBIT to be 9% of sales, increases in net working capital requirements to be 10% of any increase in sales, and net investment (capital expenditures in excess of depreciation) to be 8% of any increase in sales. KCP has $93.1 million in cash, $2.5 million in debt, 20.8 million shares outstanding, a tax rate of 37%, and a weighted average cost of capital of 11% a. Suppose you believe KCP's initial revenue growth rate will be between 4% and 11%" ("with growth slowing in equal steps to 4% by year 2011). What range of share prices for KCP is consistent with these forecasts? b. Suppose you believe KCP's EBIT margin will be between 7% and 10% of sales. What range of share prices for KCP is consistent with these forecasts (keeping KCP's initial revenue growth at 9% with growth slowing in equal steps to 4% by year 2011)? c. Suppose you believe KCP's weighted average cost of capital is between 10% and 12%. What range of share prices for KCP is consistent with these forecasts keeping KCP's initial revenue growth and EBIT margin at 9% with growth slowing in equal steps to 4% by year 2011)? d. What range of share prices is consistent if you vary the estimates as in parts (a), (b), and (c) simultaneously? That is
d. To calculate the range of share prices consistent with the varying estimates from parts (a), (b), and (c) simultaneously, we need to calculate the range of share prices for each individual scenario and then take the intersection of those ranges.
How to calculate?
a. To calculate the range of share prices consistent with revenue growth between 4% and 11%, we need to forecast KCP's free cash flows (FCFs) for the next six years and then calculate the present value of those cash flows using KCP's weighted average cost of capital (WACC). We can then divide the present value by the number of shares outstanding to get the range of share prices.
Using the given assumptions, we can calculate the FCFs for each year as follows:
FCF = EBIT(1 - Tax rate) + Depreciation - Net capital expenditures - Increase in net working capital
Assuming a starting revenue growth rate of 9%, the FCFs for the next six years are:
Year 1: FCF = $35.4 million
Year 2: FCF = $49.5 million
Year 3: FCF = $62.4 million
Year 4: FCF = $70.2 million
Year 5: FCF = $72.6 million
Year 6: FCF = $69.9 million
We can then calculate the present value of these cash flows using a WACC of 11%:
PV = FCF / (1 + WACC)²t
where t is the number of years from today.
Using these calculations, we get a range of share prices between $6.85 and $9.55.
b. To calculate the range of share prices consistent with an EBIT margin between 7% and 10% of sales, we can use the same approach as in part (a), but with the FCFs calculated based on the different EBIT margins. Assuming a starting revenue growth rate of 9%, the FCFs for the next six years are:
Year 1: FCF = $29.7 million
Year 2: FCF = $44.6 million
Year 3: FCF = $56.2 million
Year 4: FCF = $63.3 million
Year 5: FCF = $65.3 million
Year 6: FCF = $62.6 million
Using a WACC of 11%, we get a range of share prices between $6.29 and $8.78.
c. To calculate the range of share prices consistent with a WACC between 10% and 12%, we can use the same approach as in part (a), but with the present value calculations done using the different WACCs. Assuming a starting revenue growth rate of 9% and an EBIT margin of 9%, the FCFs for the next six years are:
Year 1: FCF = $35.4 million
Year 2: FCF = $49.5 million
Year 3: FCF = $62.4 million
Year 4: FCF = $70.2 million
Year 5: FCF = $72.6 million
Year 6: FCF = $69.9 million
Using a WACC of 10%, we get a range of share prices between $7.67 and $10.69. Using a WACC of 12%, we get a range of share prices between $6.28 and $8.75.
d. To calculate the range of share prices consistent with the varying estimates from parts (a), (b), and (c) simultaneously, we need to calculate the range of share prices for each individual scenario and then take the intersection of those ranges. Using the calculations from parts (a), (b), and (c), we get a range of share prices between $6.29 and $8.78.
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According to the question the range of share prices for KCP is $20.63 - $24.84.
What is share?Share is the action of dividing or distributing something among a number of recipients. It usually refers to a physical object, such as food or money, but it can also refer to intangible items, such as knowledge or information.
a. The range of share prices for KCP that is consistent with the initial revenue growth rate of between 4% and 11% is calculated using the following formula:
Share Price = (Net Present Value of Operating Cash Flows) / (Number of Outstanding Shares)
Net Present Value of Operating Cash Flows = (Revenue Growth Rate * EBIT Margin * (1 - Tax Rate)) / (WACC - Revenue Growth Rate)
Therefore, the range of share prices for KCP is calculated as follows:
4% Revenue Growth Rate:
Share Price = ((4% * 9% * (1 - 37%)) / (11% - 4%)) / (20.8 million shares) = $20.63 - $24.84
11% Revenue Growth Rate:
Share Price = ((11% * 9% * (1 - 37%)) / (11% - 11%)) / (20.8 million shares) = $24.84 - $29.65
b. The range of share prices for KCP that is consistent with the EBIT margin of between 7% and 10% is calculated using the same formula as above:
7% EBIT Margin:
Share Price = ((9% * 7% * (1 - 37%)) / (11% - 9%)) / (20.8 million shares) = $18.43 - $22.63
10% EBIT Margin:
Share Price = ((9% * 10% * (1 - 37%)) / (11% - 9%)) / (20.8 million shares) = $22.63 - $27.04
c. The range of share prices for KCP that is consistent with the weighted average cost of capital of between 10% and 12% is calculated using the same formula as above:
10% WACC:
Share Price = ((9% * 9% * (1 - 37%)) / (10% - 9%)) / (20.8 million shares) = $20.63 - $25.04
12% WACC:
Share Price = ((9% * 9% * (1 - 37%)) / (12% - 9%)) / (20.8 million shares) = $17.23 - $21.43
d. The range of share prices that is consistent if you vary the estimates as in parts (a), (b), and (c) simultaneously is calculated using the same formula as above:
4% Revenue Growth, 7% EBIT Margin, 10% WACC:
Share Price = ((4% * 7% * (1 - 37%)) / (10% - 4%)) / (20.8 million shares) = $18.43 - $22.63
11% Revenue Growth, 10% EBIT Margin, 12% WACC:
Share Price = ((11% * 10% * (1 - 37%)) / (12% - 11%)) / (20.8 million shares) = $17.23 - $21.43
Therefore, the range of share prices for KCP is $17.23 - $22.63, if you vary the estimates as in parts (a), (b), and (c) simultaneously.
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Discuss on the following in relation to property value;
Substitution Principle
(5 marks)
Contribution Principle
(5 marks)
Highest and Best Use Principle
(5 marks)
The Substitution Principle states that the value of a property is determined by the cost of the next best alternative use of the property.
In other words, if the property is not available, what would be the most economically beneficial alternative use?
The Contribution Principle states that the value of a property is determined by the cost of constructing a replacement building. In other words, if a replacement building needs to be built, what would it cost?
The Highest and Best Use Principle states that the value of a property is determined by the highest and most profitable use of the property. In other words, what is the most economically beneficial use of the property?
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an assault victim sues her perpetrator. the court awards her $10,000 to pay for her actual medical expenses, to compensate her for time missed from work, and to compensate her for her pain. the $10,000 is an example of which of the following types of tort damages?
The $10,000 awarded to the assault victim is an example of compensatory damages. Compensatory damages are intended to compensate the victim for the harm or loss they have suffered as a result of the defendant's actions.
These damages may include reimbursement for medical expenses, lost wages, and compensation for pain and suffering. Compensatory damages are the most common type of tort damages awarded in civil cases. Compensatory damages, also known as actual damages, are damages awarded by a court equivalent to the loss a party suffered. If a party's right was technically violated but they suffered no harm or losses, a court may instead grant nominal damages.
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taxation 2, George brown college, Canada
Question:
What are your thoughts regarding Capital Gains tax and if it was
up to you would you reduce it? Increase it? Or keep it the same?
(Please justify you
Capital gains tax is a taxation policy that imposes a tax on capital gains that occur when an asset is sold at a higher value than its original purchase price. If it were up to me, I would keep the capital gains tax rate the same.
Capital gains refer to the profits earned from the sale of a capital asset, such as stocks, real estate, or a business. Capital gains are calculated by taking the difference between the sale price of the asset and its original purchase price, adjusted for any improvements or expenses incurred during the holding period.
When an individual or a company sells a capital asset for more than its purchase price, the difference represents a capital gain. Capital gains can be short-term or long-term, depending on the holding period of the asset. Short-term capital gains are earned on assets held for less than one year, while long-term capital gains are earned on assets held for more than one year.
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It is the policy of Libra Ltd to retain 40% of the profit after tax. Was this policy adhered to for the financial year ended 31 December 2020? Motivate your answer. (5 marks)1.1Has management been efficient in the management of its accounts receivable? Use the relevant ratio to motivate your answer. (4 marks)1.2Did Libra Ltd take advantage of the credit terms offered by its trade creditors? Substantiate your answer. (4 marks)1.3Would the shareholders of Libra Ltd be satisfied with their return on investment? Why? (4 marks)1.4Suppose Libra Ltd purchases goods for R600 000. How much should it sell the goods for and still maintain the existing gross margin ratio? (4 marks)1.5Comment on the ability of the company to generate profits from all the capital it has employed. Support your answer with a suitable ratio.(4 marks)INFORMATIONLibra Ltd commenced operations during January 2015. The company experienced profitability since the first year of existence and was able to pay out dividends to the shareholders over the years and retain some of the profit. The following are excerpts of the financial statements of Libra Ltd for 2020:
The policy of Libra Ltd to retain 40% of the profit after tax for the financial year ended 31 December 2020 was adhered to.
The net income for the year was R400 000, which means that 40% of the profit (R160 000) was retained. This can be seen in the following excerpt from the financial statements:
Net income: R400 000
Retained earnings: R560 000
This is an increase of R160 000 from the previous year’s retained earnings, indicating that Libra Ltd has adhered to their policy of retaining 40% of the profit after tax.
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1. Colorado Mining paid $572,900 to acquire a mine with 829,000 tons of coal reserves. The horizontal statements model reflects Colorado Mining’s financial condition just prior to purchasing the coal reserves. The company extracted 435,225 tons of coal in Year 1 and 373,050 tons in Year 2.
Required
a. Compute the depletion charge per unit.
b. Record the acquisition of the coal reserves and the depletion expense for years 1 and 2 in a financial statements model like the preceding one.
c. Prepare the general journal entries to record the depletion expense for years 1 and 2.
a.
Depletion charge per unit B.
COLORADO MINING
Horizontal Statements Model
Balance Sheet Income Statement Statement of Cash Flows
Assets = Liabilities + Stockholders’ Equity Revenue − Expenses = Net Income
Cash + Coal Reserves Common Stock + Retained Earnings
799,200 + = + 799,200 + − = + = + + − = Depletion for Year 1
+ = + + − = Depletion for Year 2
+ = + + − =
The depletion charge per unit is $0.691 per ton of coal reserves.
What is the depletion charge per unit?a. The depletion charge per unit is calculated as follows:
= (Cost of Coal Reserves - Salvage Value) / Total Estimated Units of Coal Reserves
Where Salvage Value = 0 (Assumed) and Total Estimated Units of Coal Reserves = 829,000 tons
Depletion Charge per Unit = ($572,900 - $0) / 829,000 tons = $0.691 per ton of coal reserves
What is record of acquisition of the coal reserves and the depletion expense?Year 0 Year 1 Year 2
Assets
Mine $572,900 $572,900 $572,900
Less: Accumulated Depletion $0 $301,185 $516,135
Equity
Retained Earnings $0 ($301,185) ($516,135)
The general journal entries to record the depletion expense for years 1 and 2 would be:Year 1:
Depletion Expense: $301,185
Accumulated Depletion: $301,185
Year 2:
Depletion Expense: $214,950 ($0.691 x 373,050 tons)
Accumulated Depletion: $516,135 + $214,950 = $731,085
Note that the balance in the Accumulated Depletion account at the end of Year 2 is equal to the cost of the mine ($572,900) minus the total depletion expense recorded to date ($731,085), or a remaining book value of ($158,185).
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When payment is received before services have been performed?
When payment is received before services have been performed, it is known as prepaid revenue. This type of transaction is recorded as a liability in the company's financial statements until the services are provided.What is prepaid revenue?
Prepaid revenue is a revenue account that represents advance payments received by a business. This type of transaction is recorded as a liability in the company's financial statements until the services are provided. The payments are made by customers or clients before services have been provided or goods have been delivered. As a result, prepaid revenue is classified as a liability in a company's balance sheet. The liability is decreased as revenue is generated, and the amount of prepaid revenue included in a company's balance sheet decreases as the revenue is earned by providing services or selling goods.
Company ABC receives a $1000 advance payment from a client for services to be provided over the next six months. The $1000 is recorded as prepaid revenue on Company ABC's balance sheet as a liability. As Company ABC performs services and invoices the client for $500 of work completed, it is recorded as revenue, and the prepaid revenue liability is reduced by $500. After three months, Company ABC has earned $1500 in revenue, and the balance sheet now reflects $500 in prepaid revenue.
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During Heaton Company's first two years of operations, it reported absorption costing net operating income as follows: - \$3 per unit variable;$247,000fixed each year. The company's$31unit product cost is computed as follows: Production and cost data for the first two years of operations are:
Required: 1. Using variable costing, what is the unit product cost for both years? 2. What is the variable costing net operating income in Year 1 and in Year 2? 3. Reconcile the absorption costing and the variable costing net operating income figures
The unit product cost for both years is determined using variable costing is ($1,192,000) unfavorable.
Year 1:
Variable cost per unit = $3
Fixed manufacturing overhead cost per unit = $247,000 ÷ 80,000 units = $3.09
Unit product cost = Variable cost per unit + Fixed manufacturing overhead cost per unit= $3 + $3.09 = $6.09
Year 2:
Variable cost per unit = $3
Fixed manufacturing overhead cost per unit = $247,000 ÷ 120,000 units = $2.06
Unit product cost = Variable cost per unit + Fixed manufacturing overhead cost per unit = $3 + $2.06 = $5.06
The variable costing net operating income in Year 1 and Year 2 can be calculated as follows:
Year 1:
Sales revenue = 80,000 units × $31 per unit = $2,480,000
Variable expenses = 80,000 units × $3 per unit = $240,000
Contribution margin = Sales revenue – Variable expenses = $2,480,000 – $240,000 = $2,240,000
Fixed expenses = $247,000
Variable costing net operating income = Contribution margin – Fixed expenses = $2,240,000 – $247,000 = $1,993,000
Year 2:
Sales revenue = 120,000 units × $31 per unit = $3,720,000
Variable expenses = 120,000 units × $3 per unit = $360,000
Contribution margin = Sales revenue – Variable expenses = $3,720,000 – $360,000 = $3,360,000
Fixed expenses = $247,000
Variable costing net operating income = Contribution margin – Fixed expenses = $3,360,000 – $247,000 = $3,113,000
The reconciliation of absorption costing and variable costing net operating income figures can be done as follows:
Year 1:
Absorption costing net operating income = Sales revenue – Cost of goods sold – Fixed expenses
= $2,480,000 – ($3 × 80,000 units) – ($247,000 ÷ 80,000 units × 80,000 units) = $1,393,000
Variable costing net operating income = Contribution margin – Fixed expense = $2,240,000 – $247,000 = $1,993,000
Reconciliation adjustment = Absorption costing net operating income – Variable costing net operating income = $1,393,000 – $1,993,000 = ($600,000) unfavorable
Year 2:
Absorption costing net operating income = Sales revenue – Cost of goods sold – Fixed expenses
= $3,720,000 – ($3 × 120,000 units) – ($247,000 ÷ 120,000 units × 120,000 units) = $1,921,000
Variable costing net operating income = Contribution margin – Fixed expenses = $3,360,000 – $247,000 = $3,113,000
Reconciliation adjustment = Absorption costing net operating income – Variable costing net operating income = $1,921,000 – $3,113,000 = ($1,192,000) unfavorable.
The negative reconciliation adjustments in both years imply that variations in inventory levels are what account for the discrepancy between absorption costing and variable costing net operating income. Absorption costing, in particular, allocates fixed production overhead costs to inventory units, regardless of whether they are sold or stay in stock. Changes in inventory levels therefore have an impact on the amount of fixed production overhead expenditures that are expensed.
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mr. tyler nall is president and ceo of a retail chain that is about to begin operations in numerous major cities across the united states. the stores will sell home furnishings that are considered moderately priced for the average-income buyer. during the last few months he has been working to lay out directions for the managers of the stores. mr. nall and his vice presidents have decided that each store should have sales equal to or greater than $100 per square foot, per day. when setting goals for the plan, what should mr. nall do after he evaluates available resources?
Mr. Nall should develop strategies to help meet the goals of having sales equal to or greater than $100 per square foot, per day.
After evaluating available resources, he can then set specific objectives and determine what actions are necessary to achieve them.
He should also consider any external factors that could impact the store's success, such as competition, location, and customer preferences.
He can then create a timeline for implementation and a system for measuring progress and success. Finally, he should provide clear direction and support to the store managers to ensure that they can meet the desired goals.
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A good defense for Kari against any lawsuit by Susan for age discrimination is the ________ defense.
a) Same department
b) Same gender
c)Same company
d) Same actor
A good defense for Kari against any lawsuit by Susan for age discrimination is the Same actor defense. d) Same actor.
What is Same actor?The "Same actor defense" is a legal defense that can be used by an employer in an age discrimination lawsuit. It argues that the employer did not discriminate against the employee based on their age, but rather based on other legitimate factors.
In this case, if Kari can argue that she would have made the same decision regardless of the employee's age, then the Same actor defense can be used to defend against the lawsuit.
Therefore the correct option is D.
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Devin has $70,000 of protection under his employer's group term life insurance plan, for which he makes a monthly contribution of $1. 50. Lana is the named beneficiary. The actual cost to the employer for his protection is $0. 20 per month per $1,000 of insurance, and the uniform premium for group term insurance under the internal revenue code is $0. 09 per month per $1,000 of insurance. Under section 79, what is the annual amount that devin, who is not a key employee, must report for federal income tax purposes because of his group term insurance protection?
Under section 79 of the Internal Revenue Code, Devin must report an annual amount of $840 for federal income tax purposes because of his group term insurance protection.
In the United States, federal taxes is governed by a series of laws known as the Internal Revenue Code (IRC). It is also referred to as the U.S. Tax Code and is a complicated and comprehensive body of rules that specifies how the federal government taxes people, companies, and other entities.
This is calculated by taking the cost to the employer ($0.20 per month per $1,000 of insurance) multiplied by the amount of coverage ($70,000) and then multiplied by the number of months in a year (12). This works out to be $840.
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When is it usually acceptable to provide written notice of bad news to external partners?
Giving bad news in writing to external partners is not advised because it can sour the company relationship and leave a terrible impression. It is preferable to communicate such news over the phone.
When would it be OK to use the direct approach while writing a bad news message?The direct approach is frequently employed when the audience values conciseness, the message must be brief, the message is complex and may not be easily understood, the message relates to an existing issue or problem (and bad news won't come as a surprise), or you're ending a commercial partnership.
When would you approach an external audience with an indirect way to convey news?indirect strategy. once the bad news may have a significant impact on the recipient or you don't know them very well, you may prefer to use the indirect approach.
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A CPA was engaged to audit the financial statements of a municipality that received federal financial assistance and that required a single audit for compliance with the terms of the financial assistance. Which of the following guidelines should the CPA consider?1 Generally accepted auditing standards and generally accepted government auditing standards2 Generally accepted auditing standards3 Generally accepted government auditing standards4 Neither generally accepted auditing standards nor generally accepted government auditing standards
The CPA should consider Generally Accepted Auditing Standards (GAAS) and Generally Accepted Government Auditing Standards (GAGAS). The correct option is 1.
The CPA should consider GAAS and GAGAS when auditing the financial statements of a municipality that received federal financial assistance and that required a single audit for compliance with the terms of the financial assistance.
A CPA was engaged to audit the financial statements of a municipality that received federal financial assistance and that required a single audit for compliance with the terms of the financial assistance. He/she should consider Generally Accepted Auditing Standards (GAAS) and Generally Accepted Government Auditing Standards (GAGAS).
Hence, the correct option is 1. Generally accepted auditing standards and generally accepted government auditing standards.
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ALM 811S 1st Opp June 2018 Question 4 (a) Assess any five sources of risk that can impact on the vulnerability of global logistics activities. [15 marks] (b) Justify five arguments in favour of local sourcing in preference to global sourcing. (10 marks)
The five sources of risk that may impact the vulnerability of global logistics activities are:
Political RiskNatural DisastersSupply Chain RiskSecurity RiskEconomic RiskThe five arguments in favor of local versus global sourcing:
Reduced Lead TimeImproved Quality ControlReduced Logistics CostsBetter Corporate Social ResponsibilityEnhanced FlexibilityExplanation of the five sources of risk that can affect the vulnerability of global logistics activities:
Political Risk: Political instability, conflicts, and changes in government policies can significantly impact logistics operations, including transportation, customs clearance, and supply chain management.Natural Disasters: Natural disasters such as earthquakes, tsunamis, and hurricanes can disrupt global logistics activities by damaging infrastructure, disrupting transportation networks, and delaying cargo shipments.Supply Chain Risk: Supply chain risk refers to the risks associated with sourcing raw materials, production, and distribution. This can include supplier bankruptcies, quality control issues, and shipping delays.Security Risk: The risk of theft, piracy, and terrorism can impact the safety and security of goods in transit, as well as the safety of personnel involved in logistics operations.Economic Risk: Economic conditions, such as currency fluctuations, interest rate changes, and inflation, can impact the cost of transportation, raw materials, and other logistics-related expenses.Explanation of the five arguments in favor of local versus global sourcing:
Reduced Lead Time: Local sourcing allows for shorter lead times, which can result in faster turnaround times, reduced inventory carrying costs, and improved responsiveness to customer demand.Improved Quality Control: Local sourcing can improve quality control by allowing for closer collaboration and monitoring of suppliers, ensuring consistent quality of materials and finished products.Reduced Logistics Costs: Local sourcing can reduce logistics costs by minimizing transportation costs, custom duties, and other associated expenses, resulting in improved profitability.Better Corporate Social Responsibility: Local sourcing can improve a company’s social responsibility efforts by supporting local economies, reducing carbon footprint, and promoting ethical and sustainable sourcing practices.Enhanced Flexibility: Local sourcing allows for greater flexibility in responding to changing market conditions, customer preferences, and government regulations. This can help companies adapt to changing business environments and remain competitive.Learn more about global logistics activities:
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which of the following is appropriate content for the conclusion of a report? check all that apply. an informational report should conclude with a list of contributor acknowledgments. an analytical report should conclude with a review of the major findings and answers to the research questions. an informational report should conclude with a summary of the data presented.
An analytical report should conclude with a review of the major findings and answers to the research questions is appropriate content for the conclusion of a report. Thus, option (b) is correct.
An analytical report's conclusion should give readers a clear grasp of the significance of the data offered in the results and discussion sections.
It should be a synthesis of essential themes and, if appropriate, a general summary of the study's implications and significance, rather than merely a synopsis of the major topics covered or a restatement of the research problem.
Therefore, option (b) is correct.
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Your question is incomplete, but most probably the full question was.
Which of the following is appropriate content for the conclusion of a report? check all that apply.
An informational report should conclude with a list of contributor acknowledgments. An analytical report should conclude with a review of the major findings and answers to the research questions. An informational report should conclude with a summary of the data presented.Applying Lewin's force field model to stress, what is the restraining force that acts to counter stressors and inhibit pathological results?A) Time managementB) ResiliencyC) CommunityD) Reactive strategies
According to Lewin's force field model, the restraining force that acts to counter stressors and inhibit pathological results, The correct answer is Option B)
Resiliency is the ability to adapt to and recover from stressful situations. It acts as a protective factor against the negative effects of stress and helps prevent the development of negative outcomes such as anxiety or depression. The correct answer is Option B)
Resiliency can be built through practices such as self-care, building social support networks, and developing healthy coping strategies. By increasing resiliency, an individual can better manage stress and prevent the development of negative outcomes.
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