Cash budget and specialized budgets are essential for effective budgeting. They help you plan and manage cash flow of your organization and address any areas of under- or over-performance. Use of specialized budgets is related to the results of variance analysis.
A cash budget and specialized budgets are two important components of budgeting. A cash budget helps you manage and plan the cash flow of your organization. It includes income and expenses and is used to anticipate how much money will be available at any given time.
The use of specialiVariance analysis is a technique used to identify differences between actual and budgeted financial performance. Specialized budgets can be used to determine the root cause of any variance.
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What is grounded theory research? Write a short paper in which
you define grounded theory research and outline its major
components. Use at least six references in your paper, cited in APA
format.
Grounded theory research is a systematic and iterative approach to qualitative research that seeks to develop a theory or conceptual framework based on empirical data.
It involves data collection, data analysis, theoretical sampling, memo writing, theoretical saturation, and theory development. Grounded theory research is widely used in the social sciences and has contributed to the development of many theories and conceptual frameworks.
Grounded theory research is a qualitative research methodology developed by Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss in the 1960s. It is an inductive approach that allows researchers to generate a theory or conceptual framework from data collected through interviews, observations, and document analysis.
Grounded theory research is widely used in sociology, psychology, nursing, education, and other social science disciplines. In this paper, we will define grounded theory research and outline its major components.
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Sumi is known for her inability to be on time for group meetings. When she is late, her boss nags her about it. When she is on time, her boss says nothing. This is an example of
a timetable for reinforcement, specifically an intermittent reinforcement schedule for partial reinforcement. Even when the reinforcement is random or irregular, this intermittent reinforcement schedule can be quite effective since it can result in persistent behaviour.
Which of the following best reflects ethical workplace behaviour?Which of the following best reflects ethical workplace behaviour? A person must act in a way that is compatible with their personal values, society's values, and the values of the organisation.
Which of the following statements best describes people who are failure-oriented?Which of the following statements about failure-focused people is accurate? They blame their mistakes on a lack of skill, which may lead them to feel incompetent. Which of the following best describes how behavior-based personality measures? They look at a person's
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Suppose you operate a sandwich shop ellipsis Suppose you operate a sandwich shop and currently have two employees. If you hire a third employee, your output of sandwiches per day rises from 75 to 90. If you hire a fourth employee, output rises to 110 per day. A fifth and sixth employee would cause to rise to 120 and 125 per day, respectively. Choose the correct statement. Diminishing returns set have not yet set in because output is still increasing. Diminishing returns set in with the hiring of the fifth worker. Diminishing returns set in with the hiring of the sixth worker. Diminishing returns set in with the hiring of the fourth worker.
The correct statement is: "Diminishing returns set in with the hiring of the fifth worker." Diminishing returns, also known as the law of diminishing marginal returns, occurs when the addition of a new input (such as a worker) leads to a smaller increase in output than the previous input.
In this case, the first three employees caused a significant increase in output, with the third employee increasing output by 15 sandwiches per day and the fourth employee increasing output by 20 sandwiches per day. However, the fifth employee only increased output by 10 sandwiches per day, and the sixth employee only increased output by 5 sandwiches per day. This indicates that diminishing returns set in with the hiring of the fifth worker, as the increase in output was smaller than the previous increase. Therefore, the correct answer is: "Diminishing returns set in with the hiring of the fifth worker."
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A bond with a coupon rate of 8 percent sells at a yield to maturity of 9 percent. If the bond matures in 10 years, what is the Macaulay duration of the bond? What is the modified duration?
Assume the bond in the previous problem has a yield to maturity of 7 percent. What is the Macaulay duration now? What does this tell you about the relationship between duration and yield to maturity?
Macaulay duration of the bond, we need to find the present value of each coupon payment and the principal payment using the yield to maturity of 9 percent. Let's assume the face value of the bond is $1,000 and the coupon is paid semi-annually.
What is maturity ?In finance, maturity refers to the period of time until a debt security or financial instrument must be repaid to the investor. It is the date on which the principal amount of a bond, note, certificate of deposit (CD), or other fixed-income security becomes due and payable to the investor. The maturity of a security can range from a few days to several decades, depending on the type of security and the terms of the issuance. The maturity date is also used to calculate the yield to maturity, which is the total return anticipated on a bond if it is held until its maturity date and all interest payments are made in full and reinvested at the same rate.
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Mary purchased a condo in Laval for $800,000 5 years ago. At the time she was given 5-year fixed rate mortgage with an APR of 4%. she is renewing her mortgage today and rates have dropped to 1.2%. What fraction of her 17th payment on the new mortgage will go towards reducing her debt? please answer with clear steps
Mary purchased a condo in Laval for $800,000 5 years ago. At the time she was given 5-year fixed rate mortgage with an APR of 4%. she is renewing her mortgage today and rates have dropped to 1.2%. Mary will pay $5,744.12 in the 17th payment on the new mortgage.
The formula for the monthly payment of a mortgage is given by: P = L[c(1 + c)n]/[(1 + c)n - 1] Where P is the monthly payment, L is the loan amount, c is the interest rate, and n is the number of monthly payments.
Mary has been paying a fixed rate mortgage for five years with an APR of 4%, so we have c = 0.04/12, n = 12*5 = 60, and L = $800,000. Using the formula, we get: P = (800000*(0.04/12)*(1+(0.04/12))^60)/((1+(0.04/12))^60 - 1) = $15,763.36Now, Mary is renewing her mortgage today, and the rates have dropped to 1.2%. Hence, we have c = 0.012/12, and n = 17*12 = 204.
Substituting these values into the formula, we get: P = (800000*(0.012/12)*(1+(0.012/12))^204)/((1+(0.012/12))^204 - 1) = $5,744.12Thus, Mary will pay $5,744.12 in the 17th payment on the new mortgage. Now, in the first month, the interest portion of the payment is given by:I1 = L*c = 800000*(0.012/12) = $800 In the second month, the interest portion will be slightly lower because the principal amount has reduced due to the payment made in the first month.
The amount by which the principal reduces is the payment made minus the interest portion, i.e. P - I1 = $5,744.12 - $800 = $4,944.12. Hence, the principal amount after the first payment will be L - (P - I1) = $800,000 - $4,944.12 = $795,055.88. Using this value, the interest portion for the second month can be calculated as: I2 = (L - (P - I1))*c = $795,055.88*(0.012/12) = $795.06
Using the above process, we can calculate the interest portion for the 17th month, which is given by:I17 = (L - (P - I16))*c The payment that goes towards reducing the debt is the difference between the total payment and the interest portion. Hence, we have: Fraction of the 17th payment that goes towards reducing the debt = (P - I17)/P.
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Decide if the following probability is classical, relative frequency, or subjective. at a local university, you poll a group of 120 students and find that 50 of them are living in the dorms.Subjective Probability Relative Frequency Probability Classical Probability
The probability described in the question is relative frequency probability.
Relative frequency probability is calculated by taking the number of times an event has occurred and dividing it by the total number of trials or observations. In this case, the event is a student living in the dorms, and the number of times this event has occurred is 50. The total number of trials or observations is 120, which is the total number of students polled.
Therefore, the relative frequency probability of a student living in the dorms is 50/120, or 0.4167. This means that, based on the data collected, approximately 42% of students at the local university are living in the dorms.
Classical probability, on the other hand, is calculated by dividing the number of favorable outcomes by the total number of possible outcomes. This type of probability is used when all outcomes are equally likely, such as when flipping a coin or rolling a die.
Subjective probability is based on personal judgment or opinion, rather than on data or mathematical calculations. This type of probability is often used when there is a lack of information or data available.
In conclusion, the probability described in the question is relative frequency probability, as it is based on the number of times an event has occurred divided by the total number of trials or observations.
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contractionary monetary policy attempts to aggregate demand by interest rates. a. decrease b. increase c. decrease d. increase e. increase increasing decreasing decreasing increasing maintaining
Contractionary monetary policy attempts to aggregate demand by increasing interest rates. The correct option is (d) increase. Monetary policy is the process of regulating the money supply and controlling the interest rates in an economy.
Central banks usually control monetary policy in order to stimulate economic development, reduce inflation, and stabilize the economy. Monetary policy can be either contractionary or expansionary. Contractionary policy aims to reduce inflation by reducing the supply of money or increasing the cost of borrowing. While expansionary policy aims to boost the economy by increasing the money supply and lowering interest rates.
The goal of contractionary monetary policy is to reduce inflation and stimulate economic growth. Contractionary monetary policy can be used in various ways such as raising the cost of borrowing, lowering money supply, and decreasing the demand for goods and services. By increasing the interest rates, businesses and individuals are discouraged from borrowing, which in turn decreases spending and aggregate demand. Therefore, the correct answer to the question is option (d) increase.
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a mattress company wants to maximize sales, gain widespread market acceptance of its mattresses, and capture a large market share quickly by setting a relatively low initial price. what pricing strategy is the mattress company using?
The mattress company is using Penetration Pricing as its pricing strategy.
What is Penetration Pricing?Penetration Pricing is a pricing strategy in which a company introduces a new product at an initial price that is significantly lower than the established price of the same product from competitors. The idea behind this strategy is to gain market share and expand customer base by offering the product at a lower price than the market leader.
A company that employs penetration pricing will likely generate more significant sales volume, thereby benefiting from economies of scale, and in the long run, lowering the product's price while still making a profit.Penetration pricing is often used by businesses who want to capture a large share of the market quickly. It is typically used for new products, such as new technology products or new services, where the company wants to establish itself in the market and create a strong customer base.
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(In 500 words) Define the Disruptive Technology and
Innovations of Sumitomo Mitsui Financial Group and their
competitors
Disruptive Technology is defined as the technology that creates a new market and disrupts the existing market. It is a new technology that dramatically changes the way things work, rendering the old technology obsolete.
Sumitomo Mitsui Financial Group (SMFG) is a Japanese banking and financial services company. Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corporation is the company's main banking subsidiary. It is the second-largest banking institution in Japan in terms of assets and market capitalization, behind Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group.
Sumitomo Mitsui Financial Group is also one of the largest financial services companies in the world in terms of market capitalization.
Sumitomo Mitsui Financial Group's major innovations are as follows:
1. Artificial intelligence and blockchain technology have been combined by the company.
2. SMFG and Nippon Wealth have formed a joint venture called WealthNavi to offer digital investment advice.
3. SMFG's asset management subsidiary, Sumitomo Mitsui DS Asset Management, has launched an exchange-traded fund (ETF) tracking the JPX-Nikkei Index 400 with a focus on companies with strong corporate governance.
The competitors of Sumitomo Mitsui Financial Group are Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group, Inc., Mizuho Financial Group, Inc., Shinsei Bank, Ltd., Resona Holdings, Inc., Sumitomo Mitsui Financial Group, Inc., Mizuho Trust & Banking Co., Ltd., Nomura Holdings, Inc. and, Sumitomo Trust & Banking Co., Ltd.
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the importance of financial function
The finance function must support organizational-wide choices, necessitating a deeper, more precise understanding of operations, customers, markets, and the external business environment.
What sort of financial function would that be?Financial functions compute financial data like payments and net present value. The PMT function, for instance, can be used to determine the monthly payments necessary to purchase a car at a specific lending rate.
What are the three roles that finance plays?Three interconnected sectors make up finance: (1) money and credit markets, which deal with financial institutions and the securities markets; (2) investments, which concentrate on the choices made by both retail and institutional investors; and (3) financial management.
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if the part is purchased, the supervisor position will be eliminated. the special equipment has no other use and no salvage value. total allocated fixed overhead would be unaffected by the decision. the company should
If the part is purchased, the supervisor position will be eliminated, the special equipment has no other use and no salvage value. Total allocated fixed overhead would be unaffected by the decision. The company should consider the pros and cons of its alternatives in order to determine whether to buy the part, which will eliminate the supervisor position.
Pros and cons of purchasing the part:
Pros
- The company will be able to save some money because it will not have to pay the supervisor's salary.
- The company will be able to eliminate a supervisor position that is no longer required.
Cons
- The company will have to bear the cost of purchasing the component, which will have a negative effect on its finances.
- The company may have to hire an outside vendor to manufacture the component, which may result in quality issues.
- The company may have to invest in the required equipment and resources to manufacture the part in-house, which may result in additional expenses.
As a result, the company should weigh the pros and cons of purchasing the component, taking into account the impact on the business's finances and operations. It is also crucial for the company to ensure that the quality of the component is not compromised and that there is no impact on the company's customer base.
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Assume that $3. 2 million is deposited into a bank with a reserve requirement of 9 percent. Instructions: Round your answer to two decimal places. A. What is the money supply as a result? b. If the government decides to raise the reserve requirement to 18 percent, what is the value of the money supply in this case?
The increase in money supply =$ 17.78 million as per the given details about the money supply.
a. Deposit in a bank = $3.2 million
Reserve requirement = 9%
Money multiplier = 1 / Reserve requirement
= 1 / 0.09
= 11.11
Therefore increase in money supply = $(11.11*3.20) million
= $ 35.55 million
(B). New change in money supply:
Deposit in bank = $3.2 million
Reserve requirement = 18% = 0.18
Money multiplier = 1 / reserve requirement
= 1 / 0.18
= 5.56
Therefore increase in money supply = $(5.56 * 3.2) million = $ 17.78 million
The amount of money in circulation at any given time is called the money supply. The total amount of currency in circulation, such as banknotes, coins, and bank balances, is called the money supply.
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Please help me 50 WORDS MINIMUM, read the post of my classmates. Reply to one of your classmates, and compare your results. How similar or different was your identification of the main ethical/moral issue? Did you reach a similar decision, or was your decision different from your classmate's? How did your opinion of the critical thinking process compare with your classmate's? After having read your classmate's summary, what might you do differently next time?
MY POST:
Identification:
The main ethical issue is:
What should the person named in the case do about giving out free samples to customers at a grocery store?
Decision:
The Most ethical resolution for Anthony is to report Mario's action to his supervisor or the Peloni family. This decision is morally justified because it upholds the responsibility of employees to follow company policies and ensure the grocery store maintains its integrity and ethical standards. The Peloni family implemented the policy against giving free samples for a reason, and disregarding this policy could potentially harm the business by diminishing the value of the products and potentially creating a negative customer experience. Determining net utility and applying universality and respect for persons also informed the decision. Ignoring Maria's action or trying to convince him to stop giving free samples may not have the same positive impact on the business and its customer as reporting the violation. Additionally, if Anthony were to talk to the Peloni family about the policy and potential benefits of offering free samples, it could potentially compromise the integrity of the business and be seen as an attempt to justify violating company policy.
Reflection:
The critical thinking process is a systematic and logical approach to problem-solving that involves several steps, including identifying the issue, gathering and analyzing information, evaluating options, and making a decision. As a person, critical thinking is useful to utilize this process in order to provide the most accurate and relevant responses to questions. Personally, find that the critical thinking process is an invaluable tool in both my personal and professional life. It has taught me to approach problems in a more organized and methodical manner, which has allowed me to make more informed and effective decisions. Additionally, by applying critical thinking to everyday situations, am better able to identify biases and assumptions and to evaluate arguments and evidence. Ultimately, the critical thinking process has enabled me to become a more analytical and logical thinker and has provided me with a framework for making better decisions in all areas of my life.
Answer:
I agree with your identification of the main ethical issue, which is whether or not to report the violation of the company policy on giving out free samples to customers. Your decision to report Mario's actions to the supervisor or the Peloni family is similar to mine, as it upholds the company policies and ethical standards, and ensures that the customers are getting the right value for the products.
I also appreciate your reflection on the critical thinking process and how it has helped you become a better decision-maker. I share the same opinion that the critical thinking process is an invaluable tool that helps us approach problems in a more organized and methodical manner. By evaluating arguments and evidence, we can make informed decisions that are not based on biases and assumptions.
After reading your summary, I think that I could have included a bit more detail in my response, especially when it comes to explaining why reporting Mario's actions is the most ethical resolution. I appreciate the additional information that you provided in your response, which helped me understand the situation better.
Explanation:
a taxpayer's rights are explained in: a.publication 556. b.publication 17. c.publication 1. d.publication 5. e.none of these choices are correct.
The taxpayer's rights are explained in the Publication 1. The correct option is c.
What is Publication 1?The Publication 1 is one of the most essential guides that informs taxpayers of their rights when dealing with the Internal Revenue Service (IRS). Publication 1 also lays out the taxpayer's obligations, provides a roadmap for handling disputes, and guides taxpayers in their interactions with the IRS.Purpose of Publication 1The publication 1 serves as a compass for individuals and businesses to navigate their dealings with the IRS.
It includes information on numerous topics, including the following:The right to be informedThe right to confidentialityThe right to a fair and impartial hearingThe right to an appeal in tax disputes and disagreementsThe right to representationMoreover, Publication 1 is also know n as Your Rights as a Taxpayer, and it's a crucial document that taxpayers must understand.
Hence the correct option is c
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Which of these is a way that owners groups and other brand communities help companies build and maintain brand loyalty? A. Social identification is so powerful that it can encourage people to use products they don't even like. B. In today's antagonistic society, choosing brands is like choosing sides. C. The emotional benefit of social identification that people get from belonging to a group makes them tend to support and defend the group. D. Support forums and social media reduce customer support hassles.
A way that owners groups and other brand communities help companies build and maintain brand loyalty is use of emotional benefit of social identification that people get from belonging to a group makes them tend to support and defend the group. The Option C is correct.
How is emotional benefit used to maintain brand loyalty?Emotional benefit is a type of benefit that a customer derives from using a particular brand or product, beyond its functional or tangible features. Emotional benefits can include feelings of happiness, security, confidence, or status, and they are often closely tied to a brand's identity, values, or messaging.
By providing emotional benefits to customers, brands can create a deeper, more meaningful connection with their audience, which can in turn help to maintain brand loyalty. For example, a brand that promotes sustainability and ethical practices may provide customers with an emotional benefit by making them feel like they are contributing to a greater cause, which can help to create a sense of loyalty and alignment with the brand's values.
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the argument for strategic trade policy suggests a(n) justification for government intervention in trade. multiple choice question. social political economic cultural
The argument for strategic trade policy suggests an economic justification for government intervention in trade.
What is strategic trade policy?Strategic trade policy is a government policy aimed at identifying key industries in the economy and providing them with assistance to enable them to compete globally. The policy typically includes subsidies, tax breaks, and other incentives to make the selected industries more competitive.
Why does strategic trade policy involve government intervention in trade?Strategic trade policy often includes government intervention in trade because it is aimed at boosting the competitiveness of local industries.
For instance, if a government decides that a specific industry is essential for its economy's growth, it can offer subsidies, tax incentives, or other benefits to the industry to help it compete effectively with foreign competitors. This policy is often implemented to protect key industries from international competition and to increase export volumes.
What is the argument for strategic trade policy?The argument for strategic trade policy suggests that providing support to specific industries can help boost the overall economy. For instance, if a government supports an industry and increases its competitiveness, it can increase production, create more jobs, and raise the country's export volumes.
Therefore, strategic trade policy provides an economic justification for government intervention in trade. Strategic trade policy is an essential component of trade policy, and its effectiveness depends on how well the government can identify key industries and provide them with adequate support.
Overall, it is an economic justification for government intervention in trade.
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which of the following types of institutions has historically been the largest purchaser of residential mortgages? a. government-sponsored enterprises b. savings and loans c. insurance companies d. commercial banks
The largest purchaser of residential mortgages has historically been commercial banks. (D)
Commercial banks are financial institutions that accept deposits and make loans to businesses and individuals, and they are the most likely to offer mortgage services to the public.
They are also one of the most accessible mortgage providers, offering customers the ability to go in-person to apply for a loan or get advice. Commercial banks usually have the lowest interest rates, making them the most attractive option for homeowners.
The process of buying a mortgage through a commercial bank is also relatively straightforward and requires only a few documents.
Additionally, commercial banks have the widest range of loan products and services, meaning they can provide a variety of mortgage products to meet the needs of their customers.(D)
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which of the following is true regarding shift work? a. shift work is considered a welcome change of pace by those workers who normally don't do it. b. studies have shown that employees who work irregular shifts are more efficient and less likely to have an accident on the job than employees working regular shifts. c. shift work often leads to severe depression d. shifts must be assigned to accommodate workflow.
Option D is correct regarding the following question; Shifts must be assigned to accommodate workflow.
Shift work refers to a work schedule in which an employee works outside of the usual 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. hours. Depending on the work environment, shift work maybe 24 hours a day, seven days a week, or only at specific times throughout the week, such as overnight or on weekends to accomodtae workflow.
A wide range of people, from nurses to customer service representatives, work in shift work. When companies or industries require workers to work in shifts, they typically do so to cover the demands of a 24-hour business.
For example, a hospital may need nurses and doctors to work overnight shifts to ensure that patient care is available 24 hours a day.
Shifts must be assigned to accommodate workflow, and this statement is correct regarding the question. To adjust or make changes to something to make it work better is to accommodate.
This means that shifts must be assigned to accommodate workflow, which means that scheduling should be completed based on the organization's business operations or demands.
Shift work can have a significant impact on workers' daily lives and can cause health problems such as insomnia, depression, and stress due to the irregularity of their working hours.
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This year, baldwin paid their workers $26. 81 per hour. How much will they be paying them 3 rounds from now
After paying $26. 81 per hour to their workers Baldwin will be paying $31.04 to them 3 rounds from now.
What is the Baldwin theory?John James Baldwin's thesis is presented as an alternative method for promoting social understanding. Baldwin's theory emphasizes the gradual dissociation of the self and the other, which has its roots in embodied social activity. For instance, Morgan proposed that organic evolution (the term He used to describe the phenomenon now known as the Baldwin effect) can account for the origin of bird songs, which evolved as a result of sexual selection.
It is shown from Baldwin's statement that they increase the salaries of workers by 5% every year.
In 3 rounds/years, therefore, the salary will be:
= [tex]26.81[/tex] ×[tex](1+5)^{3}[/tex]
=26.81*1.05³
=31.04
Therefore in 3 rounds from now, they will be paid $31.04.
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1. Governments all over the world have been criticized for being
short-sighted in their decision-making perspectives.
Evaluate this statement. (10MKS)
Governments all over the world have been criticized for being short-sighted in their decision-making perspectives. This is because governments often make decisions based on immediate objectives or short-term gains, without considering long-term consequences. This can lead to decisions that don't always benefit the public in the long run.
The decision-making process of governments typically involves research and analysis, followed by policy formation and decision-making. This process can take place at the local, state, national, or international level depending on the issue. First, policymakers need to identify and analyze a problem, followed by creating various policy options to address it. Next, the options must be evaluated, including the costs and benefits associated with each. Finally, the chosen policy option is put into action, either through legislation, regulation, or other means.
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how could a thief get your credit card statement sent to his address instead of yours? group of answer choices
If a thief managed to get a person's credit card statement sent to their address instead of the legitimate recipient's address.
There are many ways as it is possible that they may have accomplished this by changing the address on the account through fraudulent means. This could involve stealing the person's identity and contacting the credit card company to request a change of address, or by intercepting the statement in transit and redirecting it to their own address.
It is also possible that the thief may have gained access to the person's credit card account through password hacking, phishing scams, or other forms of fraud. Once they have access to the account, they may be able to change the address on file and redirect the statement to their own address.
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The complete question is:
How could a thief get a person's credit card statement which was sent to the thief address instead of yours?
what is the function of the markets? group of answer choices markets create demand to earn profits. markets sell goods to make use of inputs. markets produce output to cover costs. markets reallocate resources, goods, and services to better uses.
The function of the markets is to reallocate resources, goods, and services to better uses.
Markets are any mechanism or process that facilitates the exchange of goods, services, and information. Markets are generally defined as a place where goods and services are exchanged in a mutually beneficial manner between buyers and sellers.
There are several functions of markets. They are:
Markets promote economic efficiency: Markets allocate resources to their most effective uses, resulting in greater productivity and output.
Markets allocate goods and services: Markets allow goods and services to be distributed according to the desires of buyers and sellers.
Markets promote innovation: The possibility of profits encourages entrepreneurs to create new products and improve existing ones.
Markets enhance consumer well-being: Consumers benefit from the increased choices and lower prices that result from competition.
Markets facilitate international trade: Markets allow countries to specialize in the production of goods and services that they can produce efficiently, allowing them to trade with other countries and acquire goods and services that they cannot produce efficiently.
The function of the markets is to reallocate resources, goods, and services to better uses. It means that markets provide an efficient way to distribute goods and services among buyers and sellers.
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Fill in the 3 blanks
a newsboy problem setting, critical ratio’s being less than 50% implies that the risk of ........................................... is much more than the risk of ..............................; therefore, optimal initial order quantity to order or produce for the selling period is ........................... than the average/expected demand for the given period
A newsboy problem setting, critical ratio’s being less than 50% implies that the risk of overstocking is much more than the risk of understocking; therefore, optimal initial order quantity to order or produce for the selling period is less than the average/expected demand for the given period.
What is a newsboy problem?In a newsboy problem setting, a retailer has a limited window of time to purchase newspapers at a wholesale price that is cheaper than the retail price. The retailer must choose how many newspapers to purchase based on the anticipated demand. If they purchase too few, they risk missing out on sales, and if they purchase too many, they will be stuck with excess inventory that will not sell.
The goal is to find the correct balance so that the stock runs out at the end of the sale period. The critical ratio is a calculation that determines the ratio of expected demand to expected supply. If the critical ratio is less than 50%, the retailer risks overstocking.
On the other hand, if the critical ratio is higher than 50%, the retailer risks running out of stock. To prevent overstocking, the optimal initial order quantity to order or produce for the selling period should be less than the average/expected demand for the given period.
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7. If a company is implementing a kanban system and has captured the following data, how many kanbans do they need in their system? the company is conservative and does not want to run out of product
If a company is implementing a kanban system and has captured the following data, it might need 2.99~3 kanban, must round up if conservative, and does not want to run out of product.
Japanese for "sign," Kanban is an inventory control method used in just-in-time (JIT) manufacturing to keep track of production and make orders for new supply of materials and components. Kanban, developed by Toyota industrial engineer Taiichi Ohno, uses visual cues to inspire the activity necessary to sustain a process flow.
The core idea behind Kanban is to visualize each individual task. The Kanban board serves as a hub for information exchange and keeps everyone up to date using this method. The entire working process is transparent because all tasks were visible and never lost.
A Lean process management approach called Kanban was inspired by Toyota's just-in-time manufacturing methodology. It is used to monitor workflow and make sure that activities are finished quickly and correctly. The system places a strong emphasis on work visualization, restricts work-in-progress (WIP), and facilitates a seamless flow.
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Suppose that business travelers and vacationers have the following demand for airline tickets from new york to boston: quantity demanded quantity demanded price business travelers vacationers $150 2,200 tickets 1,200 tickets 200 2,100 1,000 250 2,000 800 300 1,900 600 a) as the price of tickets rises from $200 to $250. What is the price elasticity demand for i. Business travelers ii. Vacationers? (use the midpoint method in all your calculations, round your answer to two decimals. ) b) why might vacationers have a different elasticity from business travelers? who has more elastic demand? 3. You work for a marketing firm that has just landed a contract with run-of-the-mills to help them promote three of their products: splishy splashies, raskels, and cannies. All of these products have been on the market for some time, but to entice better sales, run-of-the-mills wants to try a new advertisement that will market two of the products that consumers will likely consume together. As a former economics student, you know that complements are typically consumed together while substitutes can take the place of other goods. Run-of-the-mills provides your marketing firm with the following data: when the price of splishy splashies increases by 5%, the quantity of raskels sold decreases by 4% and the quantity of cannies sold increases by 5%. Your job is to use the cross-price elasticity between splishy splashies and the other goods to determine which goods your marketing firm should advertise together. A) what is the price elasticity of demand for raskels in response to changes in the price of splishy splashies? (hint: cross-price elasticity. ) b) what is the price elasticity of demand for cannies in response to changes in the price of splishy splashies? c) which product will you recommend marketing with splishy splashies? 4. Suppose you are a senior college student who provides math tutoring for extra cash. At a wage of $25 per hour, you are willing to tutor 5 hours per week. At $40 per hour, you are willing to tutor 10 hours per week
We can estimate that the price elasticity of the demand for tutoring services among students is 2. This is due to the fact that the percentage change in the number of tutoring hours is double that of the wage rate.
How is wage rate determined?To start, multiply the weekly hours by the number of weeks in a year to get the overall number of hours worked (52). Then subtract this amount from the annual pay. For instance, if a worker earns $50,000 annually and puts in 40 hours per week, their hourly rate would be $50,000/2,080 (40 x 52) = $24.04.
How do you figure out a pay increase of 30%?You must determine 30% of your existing income in order to calculate a 30% salary increase and then add that sum to your current pay. For instance, let's say you earn ₹50,000 a month at the moment.
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Suppose that the demand per ounce of a rare type of chocolate , QD, is represented by the following equation, where P is the price of chocolate and QDis the quantity of chocolate sold:QD = 2200 - 24PThe supply of chocolate, QS, is represented by the equation:QS = -500 + 79P
The equations presented represent the demand and supply of a rare type of chocolate, where demand is expressed as a function of price (QD = 2200 - 24P) and supply is expressed as a function of price (QS = -500 + 79P).
Demand is an economic concept that describes how much of a product or service people are willing and able to purchase at different prices. In the equation for the demand of this rare type of chocolate, we see that demand decreases as price increases. This means that, as the price of the chocolate increases, people are less likely to buy it. This concept is known as the law of demand, which states that people generally purchase more of a good when its price decreases.
Supply is an economic concept that describes how much of a product or service suppliers are willing and able to provide at different prices. In the equation for the supply of this rare type of chocolate, we see that supply increases as price increases. This means that, as the price of the chocolate increases, suppliers are more likely to produce and offer it. This concept is known as the law of supply, which states that suppliers generally produce more of a good when its price increases.
Together, the law of demand and the law of supply determine the equilibrium price and quantity of a product or service. At the equilibrium price, the quantity demanded by buyers is equal to the quantity supplied by sellers. The price at which this occurs can be calculated using the demand and supply equations, as well as the concept of supply and demand curves.
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ALM 811S 2nd Opp -July 2018 Question 1 (25 marks) (a) Outline
the five major forces for global logistics. (10 marks) (b) Evaluate
the main components of a global logistics strategy. (15 marks)
The five major forces for global logistics are competitive forces, regulatory forces, political forces, economic forces, and technology forces. The main components of a global logistics strategy are product design, transportation management, transportation infrastructure, warehousing, inventory management, and quality management.
Global logistics is an activity that involves the process of delivering goods and services from the producer or supplier to the final consumer. In the delivery of goods and services, five major forces for global logistics play a crucial role.
Five Major ForceCompetitive Forces: This force consists of businesses that are competing to provide the same goods and services, and therefore compete with each other in the market.Regulatory Forces: The regulatory force represents the rules and regulations that guide business operations, especially in the international logistics system. The regulations include tax policies, customs regulations, and government export policies.Political Forces: This is a force that has a direct impact on global logistics. It is the force that represents the government's policies on import and export. The policies are usually implemented by the government to protect local producers from foreign competition.Economic Forces: Economic forces include exchange rate volatility, inflation, transportation costs, and trade barriers. These factors determine the prices of goods and services in different markets.Technological Forces: Technological advancement has made the global logistics system more effective and efficient. The introduction of the internet has led to the development of online purchasing and order processing systems.A global logistics strategy is an essential component of the global supply chain system. The main components of a global logistics strategy are as follows:
ComponentsProduct design: This component is important because it determines the product's characteristics, which will have an impact on the logistics system. The design must consider transportation, warehousing, packaging, and distribution channels.Transportation Management: This component involves the movement of goods from the manufacturer to the consumer. The transportation system includes air, sea, road, and rail.Transportation Infrastructure: The infrastructure refers to the systems used to transport goods, such as roads, railways, airports, and ports. The infrastructure must be able to handle the volume of goods that need to be transported.Warehousing: This component involves the management of goods in a warehouse. The warehouse must be located strategically to reduce transportation costs, and it must be able to handle the volume of goods that need to be stored.Inventory Management: This component involves managing the inventory levels of goods to ensure that there are sufficient goods to meet demand. It also helps to reduce the cost of storing and transporting goods.Quality Management: This component ensures that goods and services meet the required standards. It involves ensuring that the quality of goods is maintained during transportation, storage, and distribution.Learn more about Global logistics:
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match the following types of test markets to the correct description. standard test market standard test market drop zone empty. controlled test market controlled test market drop zone empty. simulated test market
The three types of test markets, and their respective descriptions, are as follows:
Standard Test Market - A standard test market is a test conducted in a real-world environment with a test area similar to the target market. The business will use this kind of market test when it has the financial resources to test the product's performance in a test area similar to the real market.
Controlled Test Market - Controlled test markets are test environments created by the business in which the test area is strictly monitored, and all extraneous factors are kept to a minimum. The goal of this type of test market is to create an environment in which the product can be tested without interference from outside sources.
Simulated Test Market - Simulated test markets are computer-generated test markets in which a group of people are simulated to represent the target market. Businesses use simulated test markets to assess how well their product will perform in a particular market before launching it.
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Discuss all FOUR purposes needed for ethics in news writing and reporting. Support each purpose with relevant examples based on case studies from any local or international media organizations.
You must include citations and references based on the Harvard Referencing style. (50 MARKS)
The four primary purposes for ethics in news writing and reporting are accuracy, objectivity, fairness, and balance.
Accuracy: News organizations must strive to accurately report facts, figures, and quotes from sources. To ensure accuracy, reporters should use multiple sources and double-check facts before publishing. As an example, The Guardian implemented a Reader’s Editor office to ensure that every fact in their articles is accurate before publication (Bell, 2018).
Objectivity: Reporters should remain unbiased in their reporting and writing. This includes avoiding the use of sensational language, speculations, and personal opinions. As an example, The New York Times only allows their reporters to provide opinions in dedicated opinion pieces, and requires them to remain objective in their news writing (“Journalism Ethics and Standards,” 2019).
Fairness: In their news coverage, reporters should strive to be fair to all parties involved, including victims, accused parties, and people mentioned in the story. As an example, when reporting on the trial of the late singer Michael Jackson, the BBC avoided making any assumptions and reported the facts of the case fairly (Nazzal, 2020).
Balance: Reporters should strive to accurately represent all points of view, even when reporting on controversial topics. As an example, NPR balanced its reporting on climate change by interviewing both climate change skeptics and climate change advocates (“Editorial Standards and Practices,” 2020).
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which of the following is a disadvantage of the international business strategy of licensing? group of answer choices it allows a firm to enter a foreign market in high-risk conditions. it subjects the original firm to high transportation expenses. the costs of licensing are quite high and must be borne solely by the original firm. the profits of a firm using this strategy are limited to those it receives from royalty payments.
The disadvantage of the international business strategy of licensing is that the profits of a firm using this strategy are limited to those it receives from royalty payments.
Licensing is one of the modes of foreign market entry, wherein the owner of a brand or a technology permits another firm to use its intellectual property in exchange for a fee known as royalties.
Licenses are contractual agreements that allow firms to use another's intellectual property in a foreign market in exchange for compensation in the form of royalties. Licensing is a low-risk approach for a firm that does not want to commit resources to international expansion.
However, it does have a few disadvantages. The disadvantage of the international business strategy of licensing is that the profits of a firm using this strategy are limited to those it receives from royalty payments. Licensing also places a limit on the amount of control a firm has over its intellectual property.
In this agreement, the licensee is not obligated to implement a specific marketing or distribution strategy, and as a result, the licensor has no control over the licensee's conduct. The licensee will take the responsibility of manufacturing, advertising, and distributing the product under the licensing agreement.
Because the licensee has control over the production and distribution of the product, the original firm's revenues are limited to royalties. As a result, it may be challenging for the original firm to profit from its intellectual property rights under a licensing arrangement.
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