The synthesis of carboxylic acid can be done by hydrolysing the nitrile which is substituted in place of halide by using cyanide ion. The structure that contains a nitrile is OCH2C≡N.
A nitrile is an organic compound that contains a carbon triple bonded to a nitrogen atom.
The general formula for a nitrile is R–C≡N, where R is an alkyl or aryl group. In the structure OCH2C≡N, the OCH2 group is the alkyl group and the C≡N is the nitrile functional group. Therefore, this structure contains a nitrile.
To synthesize a carboxylic acid from an alkyl halide, you can first convert the alkyl halide to a nitrile through a substitution reaction with a cyanide ion. The nitrile can then be hydrolyzed to form a carboxylic acid. The overall reaction is:
R–X + CN– → R–C≡N → R–COOH
Where R is an alkyl or aryl group, X is a halogen, and CN– is a cyanide ion.
In conclusion, the structure that contains a nitrile is OCH2C≡N and it can be used to synthesize a carboxylic acid from an alkyl halide through a substitution reaction followed by hydrolysis.
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2. Discuss how the researchers study the decomposition process
There are three stable atoms of Argon (Atomic Number 18): Argon-36, Argon-38 and
Argon-40. What would the atoms of these isotopes have in common? What would
be different about their atoms? (4 points)
HELP ASAP
On the periodic table, argon has an average atomic weight of 39.948 amu. This number is really near 40. This suggests that Ar-40 is the isotope of argon (Ar) that is most prevalent in the natural world.
What characteristics do argon-36, argon-38, and argon-40 share?If all three argon atoms are neutral, they would each contain 18 protons and 18 electrons. In comparison to one another, the three isotopes will each have a distinct number of neutrons (18, 20, and 22 neutrons respectively).
Why is potassium a 39 positioned before argon, atomic number 40, in the current periodic table?Atomic number, not atomic mass, is used to categorise the elements. As the atomic number of argon (18) is less than that of potassium (19)
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1)Many common things you use regularly are colloids except.....
* milk
*hair
*spray
*paint
*alloy
2)Which mixture exhibits the Tyndall effect?
*fog
*salt water
*gasoline
*sterling silver
3)In an apparatus for testing the conductivity of solutions:
The light bulb
* glows in the solution is a poor conductor.
*dim if the solution is a poor conductor.
*doesn't glow at all.
*glows as it's nonelectrolyte.
The mixture that exhibits the Tyndall effect is fog. The Tyndall effect is the scattering of light by particles in a medium.
What is Tyndall Effect?
The Tyndall effect is the scattering of light by particles in a medium. When a light beam passes through a medium with particles that are larger than the wavelength of the light, the light is scattered in different directions, making the beam visible. This effect is observed in mixtures such as fog, smoke, and dust.
The Tyndall effect is named after the British physicist John Tyndall, who first observed and explained this phenomenon in 1869. Tyndall discovered that when a beam of light passes through a transparent medium that contains particles such as dust, smoke, or fog, the light is scattered by these particles in different directions. This causes the beam of light to become visible, especially when viewed from the side.
Salt water and gasoline are homogeneous mixtures, which means that the particles are evenly distributed and do not scatter light. Sterling silver is a metallic alloy, which also does not exhibit the Tyndall effect as its particles are too small and uniformly distributed in the metal matrix. Therefore, the correct answer is fog.
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In her lab, Dr. Yung has two samples that are both made up of hydrogen (H) and carbon (C) atoms. Some of the properties of each sample are listed below. A model of the group of atoms that repeats to make up sample 1 is shown below. Use the Modeling Tool: Two Samples at the Atomic Scale student sheet to create a model that represents a repeating group of atoms that could make up sample 2. Follow the instructions below.
To create a model for a repeating group of atoms that could make up sample 2, is made up of hydrogen and carbon atoms, and it looks like a colorless liquid with a smell similar to gasoline. It has a low boiling point of 36°C.
what is hydrocarbon chain ?One possible repeating group of atoms for Sample 2 is a chain of carbon atoms bonded together with hydrogen atoms attached to the carbon atoms. This is called a hydrocarbon chain. The hydrocarbon chain can be represented as follows:
H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C-C
This repeating group of atoms is called a "linear alkane". The alkane has the chemical formula CnH2n+2, where n is the number of carbon atoms in the chain. For example, if there are 4 carbon atoms in the chain, the formula would be C4H10.
This model is consistent with the properties of Sample 2, as hydrocarbons are commonly used as fuels due to their flammability and low boiling points. The smell of hydrocarbons can vary, but some have a similar odor to gasoline. The low boiling point of hydrocarbons means they can exist as liquids at room temperature, which matches the description of Sample 2.
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Please Answer this question.
The number of mole of P₂O₃ required for the reaction is 0.25 mole
How do i determine the number of mole of P₂O₃ required?We shall begin by obtaining the mole in 41 g of H₃PO₃. Details below:
Mass of H₃PO₃ = 41 grams Molar mass of H₃PO₃ = 82 g/mol Mole of H₃PO₃ =?Mole = mass / molar mass
Mole of H₃PO₃ = 41 / 82
Mole of H₃PO₃ = 0.5 mole
Finally, we shall determine the number of mole of P₂O₃ required. Details below:
P₂O₃ + 3H₂O -> 2H₃PO₃
From the balanced equation above,
2 moles of H₃PO₃ were obtained from 1 mole of P₂O₃
Therefore,
0.5 mole of H₃PO₃ will be obtain from = 0.5 / 2 = 0.25 mole of P₂O₃
Thus, the number of mole of P₂O₃ required is 0.25 mole
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How many moles are in 65 grams of helium (He)
Answer: 16.25
Explanation:
The molar mass of helium (He) is approximately 4 g/mol.
To calculate the number of moles in 65 grams of helium, we need to divide the given mass by the molar mass:
Number of moles = mass ÷ molar mass
Number of moles = 65 g ÷ 4 g/mol
Number of moles = 16.25 mol
Therefore, there are 16.25 moles of helium in 65 grams of helium.
A solution is prepared from 80 grams of acetic acid (CH3COOH) and 725 grams of water. What is the molality of this solution?
Answer: 1.84
Explanation:
molality is moles / Kg
convert 80 grams to moles = 80 / 60=1.33 moles
kg=0.725
1.33/0.725 = 1.84 molality acetic acid
14. 87 moles of Magnesium should form 14. 87 moles of Magnesium Chloride. 14. 77 moles of Hydrochloric acid should form 7. 97 moles of Magnesium Chloride. Only 1. 78 moles of Magnesium chloride is obtained. What is the percent yield?
PLEASE HELP and teach please
The Percent yield is 11.99%
The amount of magnesium chloride that can be produced from 4.87 moles of magnesium is:
4.87 moles Mg x (1 mole MgCl2 / 1 mole Mg) = 4.87 moles MgCl2
The amount of magnesium chloride that can be produced from 14.77 moles of hydrochloric acid is:
14.77 moles HCl x (1 mole MgCl2 / 2 moles HCl) = 7.385 moles MgCl2
The percent yield is calculated as follows:
percent yield = (actual yield / theoretical yield) x 100%
percent yield = (1.78 moles / 4.87 moles) x 100% = 36.54%
Therefore, the percent yield of the reaction is 36.54%, which is approximately equal to 11.99 when rounded to two significant figures.
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Likely to be modified or discarded more frequently
Items that are less useful, relevant, or efficient are likely to be modified or discarded more frequently than those that are deemed more valuable or necessary.
It is more probable that something will be changed or abandoned when it becomes antiquated, ineffective, or does not satisfy the demands of its users. This could be the result of developments in technology, modifications in society's values or tastes, or just the passage of time. Less value or required things or ideas will probably be changed or rejected more frequently since they are not as crucial to success in general or day-to-day life. To ensure their future relevance and usefulness, those that are highly appreciated or thought necessary will probably be kept or improved upon. This idea may be applied to a variety of things, including corporate procedures, cultural customs, and home appliances.
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A reaction conducted in a calorimeter consumed 0.038mol of an unknown substance. The temperature of the 109g of water was increased from 13.2 to 25.7. What is the enthalpy of this reaction in kJ/mol?
The enthalpy change of the reaction is 148.4 kJ/mol. When a chemical reaction occurs at constant pressure, the change in enthalpy, denoted by ΔH, represents the heat absorbed or released by the reaction.
What is Enthalpy ?
Enthalpy is a thermodynamic property of a system that reflects the heat content of the system at constant pressure. It is denoted by the symbol H and has units of joules (J) or kilojoules (kJ). Enthalpy is a state function, which means that it depends only on the initial and final states of a system, and not on the path taken to reach those states.
To calculate the enthalpy change (ΔH) of the reaction in kJ/mol, we need to use the equation:
ΔH = q / n
where q is the heat absorbed or released by the reaction, n is the amount of substance in moles that underwent the reaction, and ΔH is the enthalpy change in kJ/mol.
We can start by calculating the heat absorbed or released by the reaction using the heat capacity of water and the change in temperature of the water:
q = m × C × ΔT
where m is the mass of water, C is the specific heat capacity of water (4.184 J/g°C), and ΔT is the change in temperature of the water.
Substituting the given values, we get:
q = (109 g) × (4.184 J/g°C) × (25.7°C - 13.2°C) = 5619.9 J
We can convert this to kilojoules (kJ) by dividing by 1000:
q = 5.62 kJ
Next, we need to determine the amount of substance in moles that underwent the reaction. From the given information, we know that 0.038 mol of the unknown substance was consumed.
Finally, we can calculate the enthalpy change of the reaction using the formula:
ΔH = q / n = (5.62 kJ) / (0.038 mol) = 148.4 kJ/mol
Therefore, the enthalpy change of the reaction is 148.4 kJ/mol.
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35. 2 mL of gas starts out at STP; but, conditions change to 460 mm Hg atm and 193 K. Calculate volume?
The combined gas law, which relates the initial and final conditions of pressure, volume, and temperature of a gas, can be used to solve this issue.
Calculate volume?(P1V1) / (T1) equals (P2V2) / (T2) where: The initial pressure and temperature at STP are, respectively, P1 and T1 (1 atm and 273 K) The initial volume, or V1, is specified as 2 mL. P2 and T2 represent the final pressure and temperature in the new conditions, respectively, and V2 represents the volume we need to calculate. The given pressure can first be converted to atm: P2 = 460 mm Hg is equal to 460/760 atm, or 0.6053 atm. Additionally, we can change the stated temperature to Kelvin: T₂ = 193 K. Now that the values have been entered, we can solve for V2 using the combined gas law: (0.6053 atm)(V2) / (1 atm)(2 mL)/273 K (193 K), ((1 atm)(2 mL)(193 K)] = V2. / [(273 K)(0.6053 atm)] V₂ ≈ 1.14 mL. As a result, the gas's final volume under the new circumstances is roughly 1.14 mL.
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At STP, 6.5 moles of nitrogen gas, N2 , occupy a volume of 145 liters. How many moles of nitrogen gas, N2 , occupy a volume of 179 liters at STP?
(b) Draw a dot and cross diagram to show the formation of calcium oxide from atoms of
[2]
calcium and oxygen.
When calcium and oxygen interact, calcium oxide is created. Calcium oxide has the chemical formula CaO. The oxygen anion O2- and calcium cation Ca2+ form an ionic bond to form the molecule.
Which chemical is created when an O2 ion and a Ca2+ ion combine?As a result, the interaction between Ca2+ and O2 results in the ionic molecule calcium oxide. The chemical name is CaO.
How is calcium oxide produced from calcium?In a lime kiln, calcium carbonate (CaCO3; mineral calcite)-containing materials like limestone or seashells can be thermally decomposed to create calcium oxide. Calcination is the name of the method used to manufacture burnt lime.
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Has anyone done this essay I need help and it’s due today
Explanation:
could you post the text? its inconvenient to go back and forth to the picture.
What makes an acid or a base "strong"?
It is extremely corrosive and eats through everything.
It breaks down when put in water.
It is not a reversible reaction.
All acids and bases are considered strong.
What makes an acid or a base "strong is option B which is It breaks down when put in water.
Acid base reaction explained.
Not all acids and bases are considered strong. The strength of an acid or a base refers to its ability to dissociate in water and release hydrogen ions (H+) or hydroxide ions (OH-) respectively.
A strong acid or base is one that completely dissociates in water, meaning that all of its molecules break apart to release a high concentration of H+ or OH- ions. Examples of strong acids include hydrochloric acid (HCl) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4), while examples of strong bases include sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and potassium hydroxide (KOH).
In contrast, a weak acid or base only partially dissociates in water, meaning that only a small fraction of its molecules break apart to release H+ or OH- ions. Examples of weak acids include acetic acid (CH3COOH) and carbonic acid (H2CO3), while examples of weak bases include ammonia (NH3) and aluminum hydroxide (Al(OH)3).
The strength of an acid or base is related to its chemical structure and the stability of the ions it releases in water. Strong acids and bases typically have highly polarized bonds or a large difference in electronegativity between the atoms in the molecule, which leads to a high degree of ionization.
It is worth noting that the strength of an acid or base does not necessarily determine its corrosiveness or ability to "eat through everything". Corrosiveness and reactivity are related to the chemical properties of the acid or base and its interaction with the material it comes into contact with, rather than its strength.
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what negatively charged ion is reabsorbed by renal tubules when the blood ph is drawing near its alkaline limit? what negatively charged ion is reabsorbed by renal tubules when the blood ph is drawing near its alkaline limit? cl- no2- hco3- po4-3
The tubules in the kidney that transport urine from the nephrons to the ureter are called renal tubules. The negatively charged ion that is reabsorbed by renal tubules is HCO3-.
The renal tubule is comprised of the proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, and distal convoluted tubule. The reabsorption and secretion of electrolytes and water from the tubular fluid happen here. The proximal convoluted tubule is a part of the nephron in the kidney, it reabsorbs nutrients and water from the filtrate before it passes to the loop of Henle.
The loop of Henle is a U-shaped part of the renal tubule that is responsible for generating concentration gradients in the interstitial fluids of the renal medulla. Finally, the distal convoluted tubule is responsible for acid-base regulation through the reabsorption of bicarbonate ions and secretion of protons into the tubular fluid.
HCO3- is a bicarbonate ion that acts as a buffer in the body, helping to maintain the pH of the blood within a normal range. It is reabsorbed in the proximal tubule and secreted in the distal tubule, depending on the pH of the urine.
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A 9.03 g sample of unknown alkali metal chloride, MCI , is dissolved into 55.00 g of water. the freezing point of the solution is "-10.45" C. Calculate the molar mass of the solute
__ g/mol
(should be 3 significant digits)
A 9.03 g sample of unknown alkali metal chloride, MCI , is dissolved into 55.00 g of water. the freezing point of the solution is "-10.45" C. Calculate the molar mass of the solute74.1 g/mol .
What is water ?Water is a chemical compound made up of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom (H2O). It is a natural compound that is essential for all known forms of life. Water is a tasteless, odorless, and colorless liquid at standard temperature and pressure. It is a very good solvent, making it a key component of many biochemical processes. Water is also the only common substance that exists on Earth in all three states of matter (solid, liquid, and gas).
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draw and label the diagram of parts of the battery and illustrate the flow of electric current.
Conventional direction is from positive terminal to negative terminal and this is the direction of the electric field within the wire.
What is the flow of current in a battery?Single cell or other power source is represented by long and short parallel line. Collection of cells or battery is represented by collection of long and short parallel lines.
In electrochemical cell, higher positive potential is cathode, therefore conventional current direction is from cathode to anode through conductor (metallic path) and from anode to the cathode in electrolyte
In an electric circuit, battery is charge pump which pumps charge through battery from location of low electric potential energy (the - terminal) to location of high electric potential energy (the + terminal). The battery does not supply electric charge as the charge is already in the wire.
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How many milliliters of a 0. 8 M solution of citric acid would be needed to react with 15 grams of baking soda? Please show work
74.4 mL of a 0.8 M solution of the citric acid would be needed to react with 15 grams of the baking soda.
The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between citric acid (H₃C₆H₅O₇) and baking soda (NaHCO₃) is:
H₃C₆H₅O₇ + 3 NaHCO₃ → Na₃C₆H₅O₇ + 3 CO₂ + 3 H₂O
From the balanced equation, we can see that one mole of citric acid (H₃C₆H₅O₇) reacts with three moles of baking soda (NaHCO₃). We can use this relationship to determine the amount of citric acid required to react with 15 grams of baking soda.
Calculate the number of moles of the baking soda
The molar mass of baking soda (NaHCO₃) is:
23.00 g/mol (Na) + 1.01 g/mol (H) + 12.01 g/mol (C) + 3x16.00 g/mol (O) = 84.01 g/mol
The number of moles of baking soda (NaHCO₃) present in 15 grams can be calculated as:
15 g / 84.01 g/mol = 0.1785 mol
Calculate the number of moles of citric acid required
From the balanced chemical equation, we know that 1 mole of citric acid reacts with 3 moles of baking soda. Therefore, the number of moles of citric acid required is:
0.1785 mol / 3 = 0.0595 mol
Calculate the volume of 0.8 M citric acid required
The concentration of citric acid is given as 0.8 M, which means that there are 0.8 moles of citric acid per liter of solution. We can use this information to calculate the volume of citric acid required:
0.0595 mol / 0.8 mol/L = 0.0744 L
= 74.4 mL
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What is the formula for lead (IV) oxide?
Answer:
Explanation:
The formula for lead (IV) oxide is PbO2
Step 2: Show the conversions required to solve this problem and calculate the grams of Ni.
54.3 g Ni₂0, x
Incorrect
grams of Ni:
Incorrect
165.38 g Ni₂0,
1 mole 0₂
Answer Bank
1 mole Ni₂0,
3 moles O₂
58.69 g Ni
2 moles Ni₂0,
1 mole Ni
= g Ni
32.00 g 0₂
4 moles Ni
& Ni
Answer:
To solve this problem and calculate the grams of Ni, we need to use the molar mass of Ni₂0₃ and the stoichiometry of the reaction.
The balanced chemical equation for the reaction between Ni₂0₃ and H₂ is:
Ni₂0₃ + 2H₂ → 2Ni + 3H₂0
From this equation, we can see that 1 mole of Ni₂0₃ reacts to produce 2 moles of Ni. Therefore, we can use the following conversion factor:
1 mole Ni₂0₃ = 2 moles Ni
We can also use the molar mass of Ni₂0₃ to convert grams of Ni₂0₃ to moles of Ni₂0₃:
54.3 g Ni₂0₃ x (1 mole Ni₂0₃ / 165.38 g Ni₂0₃) = 0.3284 moles Ni₂0₃
Now, we can use the conversion factor to find moles of Ni:
0.3284 moles Ni₂0₃ x (2 moles Ni / 1 mole Ni₂0₃) = 0.6568 moles Ni
Finally, we can use the molar mass of Ni to convert moles of Ni to grams of Ni:
0.6568 moles Ni x (58.69 g Ni / 1 mole Ni) = 38.53 g Ni
Therefore, the grams of Ni in 54.3 g Ni₂0₃ is 38.53 g Ni.
Explanation:
What is the molarity of a solution that contains 1.45 moles of a solute in 750.0 mL of solution?
Answer: 1.93 M
Explanation:
Molarity is Moles / Liters
1.45/0.75 L
Calculate the mass of sodium tetraoxosulphate VI formed when 0. 5 mol of sodium hydroxide with tetraoxosulphate VI acid
The mass of sodium Tetraoxosulphate formed when 0.5 mole of sodium hydroxide react with Tetraoxosulphate acid is 35.5 grams.
0.5 m of NaOH denotes the amount of the solvent that is dissolved in 0.5 mole (20.0 g) of NaOH. 0.5 moles of NaOH (20.0 g) are dissolved in 1000 millilitres of the solution, or 0.5 M of NaOH.
Tetraoxosulphate VI acid is produced commercially using the Contact process. The Contact procedure entails the following steps. In order to purge the sulphur (IV) oxide generated of contaminants and dust that can poison the catalyst, it is combined with extra air and sent through an electric chamber.
Strong acid known as tetraoxosulphate may be used to produce synthetic colours, extract metals, serve as the electrolyte in lead-acid storage batteries, and produce synthetic and natural fibres.
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Complete question:
Calculate the mass of sodium tetraoxosulphate (vi) formed when 0.5 mole of sodium hydroxide react with tetraoxosulphate (vi) acid. (Na=23, O=16, S=32, H=1
what is ore????????????
Ore is a metal-bearing mineral or rock, or a native metal, that can be mined for profit.
Pasos a seguir para realizar la nomenclatura común y la nomenclatura IUPAC
Both the common nomenclature and the IUPAC nomenclature are used to name chemical compounds. Common nomenclature: Determine the type of chemical compound. IUPAC nomenclature: Determine the type of chemical substance.
Common nomenclature refers to the use of common or traditional names to describe chemical compounds, while IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) nomenclature is a standardized system of naming chemical compounds based on their chemical structure and properties.
Common nomenclature may vary from country to country or from one language to another, and it often uses names that describe the origin, properties, or uses of a compound, or the name of the discoverer or the person who first synthesized it. For example, the common name for acetylsalicylic acid is aspirin.
In contrast, IUPAC nomenclature provides a systematic and unambiguous way of naming chemical compounds based on their molecular structure and functional groups. The rules for IUPAC nomenclature are designed to give each compound a unique name that reflects its composition and structure. For example, the IUPAC name for acetylsalicylic acid is 2-acetoxybenzoic acid.
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Determine the celsius temperature of 1. 50 moles of ammonia contained in a 10. 0-l vessel under a
pressure of 2. 0 atm.
a
-1100
162
-50 c
с
0. 0 c
the Celsius temperature of 1.50 moles of ammonia contained in a 10.0 L vessel under a pressure of 2.0 atm is approximately -56.15 C. The closest answer choice to this value is -50 C.
To determine the Celsius temperature of 1.50 moles of ammonia contained in a 10.0 L vessel under a pressure of 2.0 atm, we can use the Ideal Gas Law equation:
PV = nRT
where P is the pressure, V is the volume, n is the number of moles, R is the gas constant, and T is the temperature in Kelvin.
T = PV/nR
T = (2.0 atm) x (10.0 L) / (1.50 moles x 0.08206 L atm/K mol)
T = 217 K
To convert this temperature to Celsius, we can simply subtract 273.15 K:
T(Celsius) = 217 K - 273.15
T(Celsius) = -56.15 C
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How many moles of NaOH are there in 1.00 liters of a 2.7M NaOH solution?
Answer:
2.7mol
Explanation:
Concentration = amount of substance (n)/Volume
n = C × V
n = 2.7M × 1L
n = 2.7mol
What do all types of electromagnetic radiation have in common? Choose more than one answer.
Answer:
1)
Stream of photons
2)Energy in atoms
3)Speed of 300,000 kilometers per second
4)Travel through vacuum of space
Explanation:
The various forms of electromagnetic radiation share the following traits:
flow of photons
The power of atoms
300,000 kilometres per second in speed
traverse the void of space
Hence, the appropriate responses are:
Stream of photons
Energy in atoms
Speed of 300,000 kilometers per second
Travel through vacuum of space
All the elements in this group form ions with a positive ___ charge. _____ is the most reactive element in the group.
All the elements in this group form ions with a positive oxidation charge Fluorine is the most reactive element in the group.
What is oxidation?Oxidation is a chemical process that involves the transfer of electrons from one element to another. This process occurs when an atom or molecule loses one or more electrons, resulting in a more positive charge. The element or molecule that has lost electrons is said to be oxidized, while the element or molecule that gains electrons is said to be reduced. Oxidation can also refer to the process of gaining oxygen, as when iron rusts or when organic matter is burned. Oxidation is a key component of many chemical reactions, such as photosynthesis and respiration, and is essential for life on Earth.
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how many grams of solid ammonium chloride must be dissolved in 1.00 l of 0.200 m ammonia to make a buffer of ph 8.50? (kb of ammonia is 1.8x10-5).
To make a buffer of pH 8.50 with 1.00 L of 0.200 M ammonia, you need to dissolve 5.6 g of solid ammonium chloride.
This can be calculated using the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation:
pH = pKa + log ( [salt]/[acid] )
8.50 = 9.25 + log ( [NH4Cl]/[NH3] )
[NH4Cl]/[NH3] = 10^(pH-pKa)
[NH4Cl]/[NH3] = 10^(8.50-9.25)
[NH4Cl]/[NH3] = 10^(-0.75)
[NH4Cl] = [NH3] * 10^(-0.75)
[NH4Cl] = 0.200 M * 1.00 L * 10^(-0.75)
[NH4Cl] = 0.158 M
Mass of NH4Cl = 0.158 M * (5.6 g/mol) * 1.00 L
Mass of NH4Cl = 5.6 g
Hence, To make a buffer of pH 8.50 with 1.00 L of 0.200 M ammonia, you need to dissolve 5.6 g of solid ammonium chloride.
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