Step 1: Understanding the Situation
In Unit 3, you read a little bit about Rhonda, a woman who runs a small website development business that has annual revenues of about $500,000. You learned that Rhonda pays herself an annual salary of about $100,000.

While Rhonda’s business is doing pretty well and allows her to live comfortably, she has encountered a problem—she doesn’t know how to grow the business at this point.

Rhonda has been considering hiring some new salespeople to find more customers because her current staff have the availability to take on more work. However, hiring more salespeople is expensive and the cost would come out of what Rhonda pays herself. On the other hand, it could eventually lead to more business in the future and a higher salary for herself in the long run.

Step 2: Working through the Process
Rhonda is facing a complex situation and needs help figuring out what to do. Imagine that she hires you to help her tackle this challenge and make the right decision.

You will use the steps of a rational decision-making process to explore, evaluate, and ultimately offer Rhonda your professional opinion on how she should handle the situation.

For the purposes of this activity, you should list all seven steps in the rational decision-making process and provide an evaluation of the situation according to each step. For example, for Step #1: Defining the Problem, you would do exactly that. Briefly explain and define the problem that Rhonda is facing and trying to solve.

For the last few steps of the process, testing the solution and implementing it, you will obviously not be able to actually do this but you should hypothesize what these steps might look like if this were happening in real life. Furthermore, some of the steps may require only a 1-paragraph explanation while others may require 2–3 paragraphs. Please make sure to fully and comprehensively explore each step; if you do this, then whatever the length each answer is will be appropriate.

Step 3: Reflecting
Once you have completed all steps in the process, please compose 2–3 paragraphs reflecting on how and why rational decision making is essential to running a successful business.

Please refer to the rubric below for more information on how you will be graded.

Answers

Answer 1

The steps are:

Defining the ProblemIdentifying AlternativesWeighing the AlternativesWhat is rubric?

A rubric is a tool used to evaluate a student's performance on a specific task. It is typically a grid or chart that grades a student's work on a scale from excellent to poor. Rubrics are used to provide a clear and consistent set of criteria for assessing a student's work.

Step 1: Defining the Problem. Rhonda is facing the challenge of how to grow her business. She is considering hiring additional salespeople to increase her customer base. But she is concerned about the cost of hiring additional staff and the fact that it may take some time for the investment to pay off.
Step 2: Identifying Alternatives
Rhonda has two main alternatives: she can hire additional salespeople or she can continue to operate the business as-is. Alternatively, keeping the business as-is may be less risky, but it may also prevent her from growing the business and increasing her profits.

Step 3: Weighing the Alternatives
Rhonda needs to weigh the pros and cons of both alternatives. If she hires additional salespeople, she will likely be able to bring in more customers and revenue in the long run, but she will have to sacrifice some of her own salary.

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Related Questions

What is the difference between a future taxable amount and a future deductible amount? And does this affect the beginning balances of deferred tax asset and deferred tax liability?

Answers

A future taxable amount is an amount of income that is expected to be subject to taxation in the future, while a future deductible amount is an expense that is expected to be deductible from taxable income in the future.

What is taxable amount?

Taxable amount is the total amount of income or profit that is subject to taxation. It is the amount of money that an individual or business must pay taxes on after deductions and exemptions have been taken into account. Taxable amount is calculated by subtracting the deductions and exemptions from the total amount of income or profit. This amount can be calculated on an individual basis or on a business basis. Depending on the jurisdiction, the taxes may be imposed at different rates and be collected by different levels of government.

This does affect the beginning balances of deferred tax asset and deferred tax liability. A deferred tax asset is created when a future deductible amount is expected to exceed a future taxable amount, resulting in an estimated future tax benefit. Conversely, a deferred tax liability is created when a future taxable amount is expected to exceed a future deductible amount, resulting in an estimated future tax expense.

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Exercise 11-11 Capitalizing interest (LO 11-2)
Kobe Company began constructing a building for its own use in February 20X1. During 20X1, Kobe incurred interest of $70,000 on specific construction debt and $15,000 on other borrowings. Interest computed on the weighted-average amount of accumulated expenditures for the building during 20X1 was $60,000.



Required:

1a. What amount of interest should Kobe capitalize?

1b. Prepare the journal entry to record payment of the interest.

2. If interest computed on the weighted-average amount of accumulated expenditures for the building during 20X1 was instead $90,000, what amount of interest should Kobe capitalize?

Answers

1a. Kobe should capitalize $60,000 of interest.

1b. The journal entry to record payment of the interest would be:

Interest Expense 60,000 and Interest Payable 60,000

2. Kobe should still capitalize $70,000 of interest.

What is an interest?

1a. The amount of interest that Kobe should capitalize is the lesser of the actual interest incurred on the specific construction debt, which is $70,000, and the amount of interest computed on the weighted-average amount of accumulated expenditures, which is $60,000. Therefore, Kobe should capitalize $60,000 of interest.

1b. The journal entry to record payment of the interest would be:

Interest Expense 60,000

Interest Payable 60,000

2. If interest computed on the weighted-average amount of accumulated expenditures for the building during 20X1 was instead $90,000, Kobe would still only capitalize the lesser of the actual interest incurred on the specific construction debt, which is $70,000, and the amount of interest computed on the weighted-average amount of accumulated expenditures, which is $90,000. Therefore, Kobe should still capitalize $70,000 of interest.

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tanya is a financial analyst in RTE telecom as part of her analysis of the annual distribution policy and its impact of the firm's value
She makes the following calculations and observations
the company generated a free cash flow

Answers

The impact of the annual distribution policy on RTE Telecom's firm value was an increase from the original value of $250,000,000 ($50 * 5,000,000) to $242,500,000 after accounting for dividends and stock repurchases.

How to solve

First, calculate the total earnings:

Total Earnings = EPS * Outstanding Shares

Total Earnings = $2.5 * 5,000,000

Total Earnings = $12,500,000

Next, calculate the total amount distributed as dividends:

Dividends = 40% of Total Earnings

Dividends = 0.4 * $12,500,000

Dividends = $5,000,000

Then, calculate the total amount used for stock repurchases:

Stock Repurchases = 60% of Total Earnings

Stock Repurchases = 0.6 * $12,500,000

Stock Repurchases = $7,500,000

Now, calculate the number of shares repurchased:

Number of Shares Repurchased = Stock Repurchases / Stock Price

Number of Shares Repurchased = $7,500,000 / $50

Number of Shares Repurchased = 150,000

Finally, calculate the new number of outstanding shares and the new firm value:

New Outstanding Shares = Original Outstanding Shares - Number of Shares Repurchased

New Outstanding Shares = 5,000,000 - 150,000

New Outstanding Shares = 4,850,000

New Firm Value = New Outstanding Shares * Stock Price

New Firm Value = 4,850,000 * $50

New Firm Value = $242,500,000

The impact of the annual distribution policy on RTE Telecom's firm value was an increase from the original value of $250,000,000 ($50 * 5,000,000) to $242,500,000 after accounting for dividends and stock repurchases.

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Tanya, a financial analyst at RTE Telecom, is analyzing the company's annual distribution policy and its impact on the firm's value. She gathers data on the company's dividends and stock repurchases for the past year and compares it with the firm's free cash flow, earnings per share, and stock price. She notices that the firm distributed 40% of its earnings as dividends and the remaining 60% as stock repurchases. The firm's free cash flow for the past year was $10 million, and there are 5 million outstanding shares. The earnings per share (EPS) for the past year was $2.5, and the stock price is currently $50 per share.

What was the impact of the annual distribution policy on RTE Telecom's firm value, considering its dividends and stock repurchases?

Explain with examples, why the study of macroeconomics is important to an undergraduate student of Economics in Nigeria.

Answers

Macroeconomics is the study of the overall performance and behavior of the economy as a whole, including the factors that influence economic growth, inflation, unemployment, and international trade. The study of macroeconomics is important to an undergraduate student of economics in Nigeria for several reasons:

1. Understanding the overall economy: Knowledge of macroeconomics is essential for understanding the overall performance and behavior of the Nigerian economy. This includes analyzing key macroeconomic indicators such as Gross Domestic Product (GDP), inflation rates, unemployment rates, and trade balances.

2. Policy-making: Understanding macroeconomics is essential for policy-making at the government level. This includes understanding how monetary policy and fiscal policy can be used to stabilize the economy, promote economic growth, and reduce inflation and unemployment rates.

3. Business decision-making: Understanding macroeconomics is also important for business decision-making. For instance, a business owner needs to understand macroeconomic trends such as inflation and exchange rates in order to make informed decisions about pricing, production, and investment.

4. International trade: Macro economics is important to international trade because it explains the workings of the global economy and how different countries interact with one another. For example, a student of macroeconomics can understand the factors that influence exchange rates and how these impact international trade between Nigeria and other countries.

5. Personal financial planning: Finally, understanding macroeconomics is important for personal financial planning. This includes understanding how inflation and exchange rates impact the value of money over time, and how these factors affect personal savings and investments.

To illustrate the importance of macroeconomics to an undergraduate student of economics in Nigeria, consider the following examples:

1. Suppose a student is interested in starting a business in Nigeria. Understanding macroeconomics would be essential for analyzing the overall economic environment and identifying potential opportunities and risks. For instance, the student needs to understand the current inflation rate, exchange rate, and interest rates in order to make informed decisions about financing, pricing, and production.

2. Suppose a student is interested in pursuing a career in government or public policy. Understanding macroeconomics would be essential for analyzing and formulating policies that promote economic growth, reduce inflation and unemployment rates, and stabilize the economy.

3. Suppose a student is interested in pursuing a career in international trade. Understanding macroeconomics would be essential for analyzing the global economy and identifying potential opportunities and risks in international trade. For instance, the student needs to understand how exchange rates impact the competitiveness of Nigerian exports and how trade policies affect international trade relations.


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Which of the following characteristics typically makes a training module more effective for an employee?

a) It is tailored to the specific needs of the employee and focuses on realistic situations that employees’ face in their daily roles

b) It focuses on presenting abstract concepts to employees rather than getting into details about practical applications in their jobs

c) It is at a large, attractive venue where lots of people can sit and listen to a well-known speaker it at the same time

Answers

Option (a) It is tailored to the specific needs of the employee and focuses on realistic situations that employees face in their daily roles is the characteristic that typically makes a training module more effective for an employee. An organization will undoubtedly attract better talent and sustain itself if it develops its employees' talents and considers its expansion.

How do training programs in an organization benefit the employees?

In order to increase an employee's performance and productivity in their present company or work role, employee training and development is a program that teaches them a specific skill as well as knowledge. It enhanced present performance and supported increased employee development.  Also, it aids the firm in avoiding the expenditures associated with losing talent.

More staff can be retained by businesses with effective training and development programs, which also increase profitability and boost employee engagement. In addition to assisting an employee's progress, training and development also encourages business growth. Also, it aids in letting workers know that they are appreciated by the company. Employee development, however, has a wider focus. It is a sustained endeavor that is concerned with a person's growth.

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Income tax is calculated based on:
O A. gross income.
O B. net income minus profits.
о C. net income minus deductions.
D. gross income minus deductions.

Answers

Income tax is calculated based on: C. net income minus deductions.

How is income tax calculated?

Income tax is calculated based on the net income of an individual or entity, which is the income after deducting allowable deductions from the gross income. Deductions are expenses or exemptions that are allowed by tax laws to reduce the taxable income, and they can include items such as business expenses, charitable donations, and certain personal expenses.

The net income, which is the remaining income after deductions, is then subject to the applicable tax rates according to the tax bracket of the taxpayer. Therefore, option C, "net income minus deductions," is the correct statement for how income tax is calculated.

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