Mexice's oil market set to open to foreign investment In a recent move, Mexico has opened up its oil and gas market to foreign investors. In 1938 Mexico was the first major oil producer in the world to nationalize its oil industry, and so this decision marks a historical shift in the country's history. In 1982, former president Miguel de la Madrid began a process of development to move away from the previous closed economy and to increase trade opportunities and business exehanges with other nations. However, even after the 1994 North American Free Trade Agreement led to liberalization of the economy, oil remained as a last bastion of the era. This latest move will mean that the nationalized oil and gas market, currently run by Pemex will change to become an environment where private companies can search for and produce oil and natural gas. Foreign corporations will also be able to open up petrol stations, previously unheard of in the country. Investors wishing to step into the oil market must do so under contract with the Mexican government, and will pay taxes and royalties. In retum they bave control of the oil that comes out of the well. The Mexican state still retains ownership of the oil remaining underground. One of reasons for the shift is that Pemex no longer has the capital or know-how to extract the remaining reserves, especially in the high potential but difficult to reach waters in the Gulf of Mexico, and the shale-rock between Texas and northern Mexico. One of the problems is that no one knows how much oil is there. The nation's oif production is now just above 2.5 million barrels a day, a decrease of 25 percent since its peak in 2004 . Pemex has spent the last decade continuously increasing its spending for diminishing retums. The decision to open up the market has its risks. The increased investment from the keen foreign corporations may lead to a rise in the value of the Mexican Peso and undercut the rise in exports from cheaper gas. Corruption, already a problem in the country, may also be exacerbated. One important issue to be ironed out is how this industry is to be regulated. Until now, Pemex has largely regulated itself, and does not have a very good reputation. Future plans for regulation have to be seen to be just and transparent, and many issues are still not resolved. One of the points that still need to be clarified includes the mechanism for deciding on the priority for development of oil and gas blocs. The second is a decision on the contract model; will it be profit-sharing, production-sharing of concessionlike licenses? These are all issues that the Energy Ministry, the agency in charge, will have to decide and communicate on as soon as: possible. The social impact of this decision cannot be overstated. Children learnt at school that oil nationalization was a symbol of its independence from foreign countries, notably its powerful neighbor the U.S. Coupled with this is the widespread cynicism about where the revenue will go. The oil revenue paid for 40 pereent of Mexico's public spending, and there is a worry that this will disappear into foreign pockets and corrupt officials' bank accounts. Mexicans still remember what happened when its banks and telephone companies were privatized. They still pay substantially more for credit and phone service than their Latin American neighbors, and they fear that the same will be so for gas in the future. In spite of this, some of the population is cautiously waiting to see the results. If this move leads to an improvement in the standard of living, particularly of the poorer citizens, and if there is higher foreign investment in the national infrastructure it could tum out to be a win-win situation. Both the Mexican state and foreign investors hope to benefit, and it could be an opportunity not to be missed for the U.S. to become energy independent in the future. Questions
Q1. Discuss how Mexico's economy and society can benefit from the opening up of the oil industry to foreign investors?
Q2. What are the risks for Mexico and for potential investors?
Q3. What can be put into place to ensure that this process is seen as legitimate by Mexican citizens?

Answer:  #1:  The Constitution of South Africa
#2: Employment Equity Act
#3: Promotion of Equality and Prevention of Unfair Discrimination Act

Explanation:

Your friend needs to deposit $9,044.88 annually into her retirement savings account to be able to make withdrawals of $80,000 per year for 20 years starting from her 66th birthday.

To determine the amount your friend needs to deposit annually, we need to use the present value of an annuity formula. The present value of an annuity formula calculates the present value of a series of equal payments made at regular intervals. In this case, your friend will be making equal annual deposits into a savings account.

The future value (FV) of your friend's retirement fund will be the amount she will have in her savings account on her 65th birthday after making annual deposits until then. We can calculate this using the future value formula:

FV = PMT × [(1 + r)^(n-1) - 1] / r

Where:

PMT = the annual deposit

r = the annual interest rate (4%)

n = the number of deposits (30, since she will make deposits from her 36th to 65th birthday)

FV = PMT × [(1 + 0.04)^(30-1) - 1] / 0.04

FV = PMT × 108.117

The present value (PV) of an annuity is the current value of a series of equal payments made at regular intervals, discounted at the interest rate. We need to calculate the present value of your friend's retirement withdrawals.

We can use the present value formula for an annuity due (since the withdrawals will start on her 66th birthday):

PV = PMT × [(1 - (1 + r)^-n) / r] × (1 + r)

Where:

PMT = the withdrawal amount ($80,000)

r = the annual interest rate (4%)

n = the number of withdrawals (20)

PV = $80,000 × [(1 - (1 + 0.04)^-20) / 0.04] × (1 + 0.04)

PV = $80,000 × 11.744

We now have the FV and PV of the annuity. We can set them equal to each other and solve for PMT:

FV = PV

PMT × 108.117 = $80,000 × 11.744

PMT = $9,044.88

Therefore, your friend needs to deposit $9,044.88 annually into her retirement savings account to be able to make withdrawals of $80,000 per year for 20 years starting from her 66th birthday.

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Answer:

The role of the Brown II to the other branches of the government was to eliminate racial discrimination in public education. The board of members in each school was given the power to remove racial policies in public schools. 

Answer:

the third one

Explanation:

It surrounds earth in gases.

The true statement is that Chinese Americans have had a stronger influence than Japanese Americans on the culture of the United States.

The Japanese culture and Chinese culture have both had a significant influence on the culture of the United States.

What is culture?

Culture can be defined as a set of learned and shared beliefs, values, behaviors, and material objects that define the members of a society. It is learned because we are not born with culture but acquire it through interaction with people who share our culture.

What is Japanese culture?

Japanese culture is distinct from other East Asian cultures because of its unique aesthetics, art, and rich history. Japanese cuisine is known for its artistry, presentation, and exceptional quality. Artistic traditions, such as ikebana and origami, are also prevalent in Japanese culture.

What is Chinese culture?

China is known for its rich history, culture, and achievements in science and technology. Chinese culture, like other cultures, is composed of customs, values, beliefs, material artifacts, and other tangible and intangible elements.

Chinese food, music, martial arts, and calligraphy are all elements of the country's culture.

QUESTION 17: Japanese Americans have had a stronger influence than Chinese Americans on the culture of the United States.

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The scene described in which Nathan feels woozy and sick to his stomach after smoking his first cigarette, despite being excited to have been offered by one of the cool kids, indicates that smoking can have negative effects on one's health.

Smoking has many negative effects, including both short and long-term effects which leaves people feeling sick. Smoking is the cause of numerous health issues, including lung cancer, heart disease, and respiratory illnesses. In addition to the negative health consequences, smoking can also damage one's physical appearance, making it difficult for individuals to breathe and stay active. Smoking has negative effects on all organs of the body, particularly the heart, lungs, and blood vessels. The harmful chemicals in cigarette smoke damage the heart and blood vessels, which can lead to heart disease, heart attack, and stroke. The harmful effects of smoking can also cause respiratory illnesses, such as bronchitis and pneumonia.

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A context in which a market economy causes too many or too few resources to be allocated to an economic activity is called market failure. Alternative D. is correct.

A market failure occurs when the allocation of resources by the market is inefficient, leading to too few or too many resources going to a particular economic activity. This can occur due to a variety of reasons, such as externalities, public goods, imperfect information, and market power.

Market failures can lead to suboptimal outcomes, such as underproduction or overproduction, or the misallocation of resources. Therefore, market failures can justify government intervention in the economy to correct these inefficiencies and improve overall welfare.

In conclusion, alternative D. a market failure is correct.

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The statement that is false concerning the template model of object recognition is that it "accounts for the human ability to recognize novel configurations of objects."

The template model of object recognition suggests that we recognize objects by comparing them to a template or prototype that we have stored in our memory.

However, this model has difficulty accounting for the human ability to recognize novel configurations of objects, as it relies on the presence of a stored template or prototype for recognition. Therefore, the statement that the template model "accounts for the human ability to recognize novel configurations of objects" is false.

In contrast, other models of object recognition, such as the feature-based model and the structural description model, are better able to account for the recognition of novel configurations of objects.

These models suggest that we recognize objects based on their individual features or structural relationships, rather than comparing them to a stored template or prototype.

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Answer:

The answer is: O To keep control and influence over all of the different regions in the empire.

Explanation:

The standard of living in in country can be BEST measured by: b. real GDP per capita

Standard of living refers to the level of material well-being and quality of life experienced by an individual, group, or society. The best measure of the standard of living in a country is B. real GDP per capita.

Real GDP per capita takes into account both the economic output of a country (GDP) and the number of people living in that country (per capita), adjusted for inflation. This measure gives an indication of the amount of goods and services available to each person in the country, and can be used to compare living standards across countries and over time.

While business cycles, nominal GDP per capita, and productivity growth rate are important economic indicators, they do not provide as comprehensive a measure of the standard of living as real GDP per capita.

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Member of Congress are paid by the Department of Treasury and can have a private personal office in addition to work in Congress

((True or false ))

Ans: True

The tοtal amοunt οf the depreciatiοn charge οver the 8 years is BD 666,666.67. At the end οf the 8th year, the bοοk value οf the equipment is BD 233,333.33.

Amοunt is a term used tο refer tο the quantity οr size οf sοmething. It is used tο describe a numerical value that can be measured οr cοunted. Amοunt is οften used in financial cοntexts, such as when discussing the amοunt οf mοney in an accοunt, the amοunt οf mοney οwed, οr the amοunt οf mοney spent οn a purchase.

The fοllοwing table shοws the depreciatiοn charge and bοοk value at the end οf variοus years using the sinking fund methοd οf depreciatiοn with an interest rate οf 12%, cοmpοunded annually.

Year | Depreciatiοn Charge | Bοοk Value
  -----|--------------------------------|-----------
1     | BD 83,333.33        | BD 816,666.67
2    | BD 83,333.33        | BD 733,333.33
3    | BD 83,333.33        | BD 650,000.00
4    | BD 83,333.33        | BD 566,666.67
5    | BD 83,333.33        | BD 483,333.33
6    | BD 83,333.33        | BD 400,000.00
7    | BD 83,333.33        | BD 316,666.67
8    | BD 83,333.33        | BD 233,333.33

The total amount of the depreciation charge over the 8 years is BD 666,666.67. At the end of the 8th year, the book value of the equipment is BD 233,333.33.

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In the United States, the Constitution grants the responsibility for conducting foreign policy to the President of the United States, with the advice and consent of the Senate.

The President has the power to negotiate treaties and appoint ambassadors, and is also responsible for the overall direction of U.S. foreign policy. The State Department, under the direction of the Secretary of State, assists the President in carrying out this responsibility by implementing foreign policy decisions, conducting diplomatic relations, and providing advice to the President.

Additionally, Congress has the power to regulate commerce with foreign nations, declare war, and appropriate funds for foreign aid and other foreign policy activities. Ultimately, both the President and Congress share responsibility for the conduct of foreign policy, with the President having primary responsibility for implementing policy decisions, and Congress providing oversight and funding for foreign policy initiatives.

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To answer the given question, it is important to note that a company can choose a specific region over other countries for various reasons.

Below are some of the reasons a company can choose a specific region over other countries: Sources of comparative advantage Protectionism Dynamic gains from trade Regulatory policy Movement of factors of production Political climate and events can create challenges to the company's operations in the country they have chosen to open a factory in. Political unrest or instability can increase the risk of security and damage to the company's properties. In addition, unfavorable regulations or laws can hinder the smooth running of the company's operations.

The following countries are recommended as suitable for setting up the company's operations. These countries have similar sources of comparative advantage and findings from the Hofstede Country Comparison tool have been considered:

1. Germany - The Hofstede Country Comparison tool shows that Germany has a high score in individualism, uncertainty avoidance, and long-term orientation. This makes Germany a suitable location for a company to set up its operations.

2. The Netherlands - With a high score in individualism, uncertainty avoidance, and long-term orientation, the Netherlands is a suitable location for the company to set up its operations.

3. Switzerland - The Hofstede Country Comparison tool shows that Switzerland has a high score in individualism, uncertainty avoidance, and long-term orientation. This makes Switzerland a suitable location for a company to set up its operations.

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The BCG Matrix is a tool used by stock brokers and other financial professionals to analyze the investments of their clients. It is a portfolio analysis tool that helps classify products based on their market share and growth rate.

The market share is typically measured in terms of sales, while the growth rate is measured as the percentage of market share that the product has gained or lost over a certain period.

The BCG Matrix divides products into four categories: Dogs, Cash Cows, Stars, and Question Marks. Dogs are products that have a low market share and low growth rate, Cash Cows are products with a high market share and low growth rate, Stars are those with a high market share and high growth rate, and Question Marks are products with a low market share and high growth rate. By analyzing products this way, financial professionals can help their clients make informed decisions about their investments.

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Following are true-A Multi-national firms domiciled in the domestic country (assume no factor changes). An appreciation of the domestic currency increases the profits of domestic firms that make sales to foreigners (exports).The correct answer is option d and e.

a. An appreciation of the DC (domestic currency) makes investment relatively more expensive for foreign investors. Therefore, it does not give them an arbitrage opportunity, but rather a disincentive to invest. On the other hand, it makes imports cheaper, which can benefit domestic consumers.

b. This is not necessarily true. An appreciation of the currency can reduce the GDP if it leads to a significant decrease in exports, as they become more expensive for foreign buyers. However, it can also increase the GDP if it leads to an increase in domestic consumption due to cheaper imports.

c. This is not consistent with monetary policy, as the objective of most central banks is to maintain stable prices. Exporting inflation by appreciating the currency can lead to higher import prices and inflationary pressure, which could undermine the central bank's efforts to maintain price stability.

d. This is true. If a domestic firm has operations in foreign countries and earns income in foreign currency, an appreciation of the domestic currency would reduce the reported profits when the foreign income is translated back into the domestic currency.

e. This is true. An appreciation of the domestic currency makes exports more expensive for foreign buyers, but it also makes imports cheaper for domestic consumers. Therefore, domestic firms that export goods or services would face a decrease in demand, but domestic firms that rely on imported inputs would see a decrease in costs and an increase in profits.

In conclusion, the effects of currency appreciation are complex and depend on various factors such as the structure of the economy and the nature of firms' operations.

While an appreciation of the currency can have both positive and negative effects, it is generally considered desirable by policymakers as it reflects the relative strength of the domestic economy and can enhance its credibility in international markets.

The correct answer is option d and e.

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Complete question

Select all of the following that are true:

a. An appreciation of the DC gives foreign investors (DI) an arbirtrage opportunity due to the lower relative price of investment (RP).

b. An appreciation of the currency will reduce the GDP of a country

c. A country can "export" its inflation by appreciating its currency, which is consistent with monetary policy

d. An appreciation of the domestic currency reduces the reported profits of multi-national firms domiciled in the domestic country (assume no factor changes)

e. An appreciation of the domestic currency increases the profits of domestic firms that make sales to foreigners (exports).

JB needs to have $3,828,263.77 in his savings account at retirement.

Calculation of the final account balance: Final account balance is the amount of money a person should have in his/her savings account at the time of retirement.

In this problem, we have to find the final account balance of JB. The formula for the final account balance is: B = [P(1 + r/n)nt – A / (1 + r/n)nt - 1](1 + r/n)Assuming that JB deposits a regular amount, say P, every 2 weeks, we will have to find the value of P to use in the formula above.

The first step is to determine how much will be deposited over the next 35 years every two weeks: We will find the future value of this ordinary annuity with the following formula:

Future value of an ordinary annuity (A) = P[((1 + r/n)nt - 1) / (r/n)]A = $[P((1 + 0.12/4) * (35 * 52) - 1) / (0.12/4)]$1,233,513.45 = P[((1 + 0.12/4)^(4 * 35) - 1) / (0.12/4)]

To calculate the present value of the annuity:

PV of annuity = P[((1 + r/n)nt - 1) / (r/n)] × 1 / (1 + r/n)n

PV of annuity = P[((1 + 0.12/4)^(4 * 35) - 1) / (0.12/4)] × 1 / (1 + 0.12/4)^(4 * 35)

PV of annuity = $1,233,513.45 × 1 / (1 + 0.12/4)^(4 * 35)

PV of annuity = $69,159.02Now, we can find the final account balance by using the above formula:

FAB = [P(1 + r/n)nt – A / (1 + r/n)nt - 1](1 + r/n)

FAB = [$69,159.02(1 + 0.12/4)^(4 * 25) - $120,000 / (1 + 0.12/4)^(4 * 25) - 1] × (1 + 0.12/4)FAB = $3,828,263.77.

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The method of limits is more objective because it requires less feedback from the individual. It is also less prone to bias because the results are based on D. an average of several trials.

The method of limits is used to determine the threshold value of a stimulus. It is a popular method in psychophysics that considers the variability of human perception. The method of limits determines the threshold by measuring the least amount of stimulus that an individual can detect, recognize or identify.The method of limits takes into account the variability of human perception by averaging the results of several trials. During these trials, the stimulus intensity is varied in small increments. The stimulus intensity is increased or decreased until it reaches a point where it can no longer be detected by the individual being tested. This point of threshold is noted and recorded.

The method of limits is more objective because it requires less feedback from the individual. It is also less prone to bias because the results are based on an average of several trials. It provides a more accurate measurement of the threshold value of a stimulus because it takes into account individual differences in perception and response.The method of limits can be used for various stimuli such as sounds, lights, or tastes. It has been used to test hearing thresholds, visual acuity, and even taste thresholds. The method of limits is used to determine the threshold value of a stimulus by averaging the results of several trials. The variability of human perception is taken into account to provide more accurate measurements.

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Kevin is 4 years old and is the use of words, however he hasn't discovered how to use logical reasoning yet. Kevin would be in the preoperational stage, according to Piaget.

Sensorimotor stage (0–2 years old) Preoperational stage (2–7 years old) Concrete operational stage (7–11 years old) Formal operational stage (11 years old thru adulthood)

While Piaget's research has generated many cautioned implications for teaching, 5 troubles have been chosen for discussion. These are stage-based teaching, specialty of individual learning, concep- tual improvement prior to language, ride in- volving action, and necessity of social interaction.

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When the response requirements of an emergency event exceeds the capabilities of established emergency services in one or more critical areas, the event is classified as a "disaster."

A disaster is an event that exceeds the capacity of a community or region to effectively respond using its own resources. Disasters can be natural, such as hurricanes, earthquakes, or wildfires, or they can be human-caused, such as terrorist attacks or industrial accidents. In a disaster, emergency services may be overwhelmed, leading to delayed or inadequate responses that can exacerbate the impact of the event. In these situations, additional resources, personnel, and support may be required from outside the affected area to effectively manage the disaster and minimize its consequences.

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A small, open economy, Hyrule uses mobile factor (labor) and two specific factors (drylands and wetlands) to produce two goods, cactus and rice. Drylands can only be used to grow cactus, while wetlands can only be used to grow rice.

Here are the answers to the following subparts:

a) In the short run, the rise in the world-relative price of cactus will result in an increase in the price of cactus produced in Hyrule. This will increase the return on the use of the drylands since they are the only land that can be used to grow cactus.

However, this will reduce the profit earned from the wetlands, as the profit from wetlands can only come from growing rice, which hasn't been affected by the increase in cactus price. The real wage will increase, resulting in an increase in labor demand and supply.

b) We can draw the graph of wage vs. labor supply with the increase in the world-relative price of cactus. The increase in world-relative price will lead to a rightward shift of the demand curve for labor, which will increase the real wage rate.

The new equilibrium point (E2) will lie above the previous one (E1), indicating an increase in the real wage rate. The supply of labor will also increase as a result of the increase in real wage rate.

The price of cactus will increase, which will boost profits from drylands, but profits from wetlands will decline since they can only produce rice. As a result, the supply of drylands will increase, and the supply of wetlands will decrease.

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The four-quadrant model is a useful tool to analyze the impacts of exogenous and endogenous factors on real estate markets. It considers the interactions between the supply and demand for real estate assets and space in the short and long run. In the case of Hong Kong, the following events can have the following impacts:

i. The implementation of quantitative easing (QE) by the central bank of US

ii. A deflated market with strong evidence of social unrest

Overall, these events can have complex and interrelated impacts on the real estate asset market, real estate space market, and development industry in Hong Kong. It is important to consider both the short and long run impacts when analyzing these events using the four-quadrant model.

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The fact that as a society in general that we are more accepting of a 39-year-old first-time mother indicates a shift in the timing of social clock.

The social clock may be taken into pure interpretation as the timeline that expresses the social milestones. The age of employment, marriage, planning a child, college and education, buying a property, taking retirement, etc. are all the components that fall under the purview of a social clock, which is subject to change from time to time. It defines an individual's milestones or achievements in the society.

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Complete question

The fact that as a society in general, we are more accepting of a 39-year-old first-time mother indicates a shift in ________.

Answer:

The rule of men as a social group over women as a social group

Explanation:

In the rental housing market, what would be the effect of a rent control that was set at the market equilibrium rental price it would have no impact on the number of housing units available.

The correct answer is (C).

When rent control is set at the market equilibrium rental price, it means that the price ceiling is set at the market price level. This creates no incentive for landlords to raise their rents, but also no incentive for them to provide more housing units. As a result, the quantity supplied of rental housing will remain the same as before, and the quantity demanded will also stay the same since renters will not have an incentive to consume more rental housing at the same price level.

If the rent control was set below the market equilibrium price, it would create a shortage of rental housing since the quantity supplied would decrease due to the lack of incentive for landlords to produce more rental housing, and the quantity demanded would increase since renters would want to consume more rental housing at a lower price level.

Thus, rent control set at the market equilibrium rental price would not affect the quantity of housing units available in the rental housing market.

The correct answer is (C).

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Veronica is a Texas Senator who is a member of the minority party. When thinking about strategies to get legislation passed or to block undesirable legislation, she can use the requirement of a quorum to her advantage.

A quorum is a minimum number of members required to be present at a meeting to conduct official business. According to Article III, Section 10 of the Texas Constitution, a quorum of two-thirds of the members is required to conduct official business in the Texas Senator . The number of senators required to form a quorum is therefore 21 if there are 31 senators in the Senate.

Veronica can use the quorum requirement to her advantage in two ways to get legislation passed or to block undesirable legislation:

She can stage a walkout or filibuster to prevent the quorum from being reached. The majority party requires a quorum to pass legislation. When a quorum is not reached, the legislative process comes to a halt.

She can use the quorum requirement to force the majority party to negotiate. When the minority party is in the minority, it is difficult to get legislation passed. Veronica can use the quorum requirement to demand that the majority party negotiate with her on the content of the bill or make other concessions.

The requirement of a quorum can be used by Veronica to her advantage to get legislation passed or to block undesirable legislation.

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The false statement is D) The market equilibrium level of production in the presence of externality maximizes social net benefits, I will show you why.

An externality refers to a cost or benefit from an economic activity that is borne by someone other than the individuals involved in the transaction or in the production of the goods. An externality exists when the welfare of one individual is influenced by the activity of another individual or a firm, without any compensation or price for the impact of the activity.

In the presence of an externality, the market equilibrium level of production does not always lead to the most efficient social outcome. It may result in an inefficient level of production if there are positive externalities or an overproduction of the good if there are negative externalities, option D being the correct one.

Another options are not correct because all true: the Pigouvian tax refers to a tax that is levied on an activity that creates a negative externality, thetransaction costs are costs incurred while completing a transaction, and the Initial property rights refer to the initial assignment of the property rights of a given resource.

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China:

"The only reason I vote is to show my loyalty to the party."

"Shhhhh! Do not say anything bad about our government or you might be thrown in prison!"

Japan:

"I am going to vote for whichever candidate seems to care about creating better jobs for recent college graduates."

"I am going to search for information on the Internet so I can learn more about how government operates in United States."