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Enlightenment Idea: Natural Rights

Enlightenment Idea: The Social Contract

Enlightenment Idea: Balance of Power

Lastly, Enlightenment Idea: Separation of Church & State

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ENLIGHTENMENT LEADS TO REVOLUTION

Directions: The ideas that grew out of the Enlightenment had a direct influence on both the American and French Revolutions. In the table below explain how each idea affected each revolution.

Enlightenment Idea

Natural Rights

The Social Contract

Balance of Power Separation of Church

& State

AMERICAN

REVOLUTION

French

Revolution

Answer:

Explanation:Andrew Jackson accused John Quincy Adams of "stealing the election" in 1824 because he believed that Adams had made a "corrupt bargain" with Henry Clay, one of the other candidates, to secure the presidency. Jackson had won the most popular votes and the most electoral votes, but because no candidate had won a majority of the electoral votes, the decision was left to the House of Representatives. Adams won the presidency in the House vote, and shortly after, he appointed Clay as his Secretary of State.

This conflict affected the Democratic-Republican Party in the presidential election of 1828 in several ways. First, it led to the formation of a new political party, the Democratic Party, which was led by Jackson and his supporters. Second, it created a deep divide within the Democratic-Republican Party, with many of Jackson's supporters feeling betrayed by the party's failure to support him in 1824. Third, it increased the level of voter participation and engagement in the election, as Jackson's supporters mobilized to support him and defeat Adams. Ultimately, Jackson won the presidency in 1828, and his victory marked a turning point in American politics, as it signaled the rise of a new political party and a new era of political mobilization and engagement.

Answer:

The powers of the Legislative and Judicial Branches have undergone significant changes since the writing of the Constitution. At the time of the Constitution's drafting, the Federalists supported a strong central government, while the Anti-Federalists feared centralized power and advocated for states' rights. Both sides had concerns about the concentration of power and the potential for abuse by the other branches.

The Legislative Branch, also known as Congress, has seen an expansion of its powers over time. The Constitution grants Congress the power to make laws, but through various amendments, such as the 16th Amendment allowing for the income tax and the 17th Amendment allowing for direct election of senators, Congress has gained more control over economic and political affairs. Additionally, Congress has been given the power to regulate commerce, declare war, and oversee the federal budget.

The Judicial Branch, headed by the Supreme Court, has also seen an expansion of power. The Constitution grants the judiciary the power to interpret the law, but the Supreme Court has gained significant authority through various landmark cases, such as Marbury v. Madison, which established the principle of judicial review, and Brown v. Board of Education, which struck down segregation in public schools. The judiciary has also been given the power to hear cases involving constitutional issues, such as civil rights and the limits of executive power.

The Federalists would likely support the current power and capabilities of the Legislative and Judicial Branches. They believed in a strong central government that could effectively govern the nation and protect its citizens. The Anti-Federalists, on the other hand, would likely be more skeptical of the increased power of these branches. They believed in limiting the power of the federal government and protecting the rights of individual states.

In modern times, the debate between centralized power and states' rights continues. The Federalists would argue that the Legislative and Judicial Branches are fulfilling their intended roles and that the expansion of their powers is necessary for effective governance. The Anti-Federalists, on the other hand, would argue that the federal government has overstepped its bounds and that the powers of the branches should be limited to protect individual liberties.

Overall, the evolution of the Legislative and Judicial Branches has been shaped by a balance between centralized power and individual rights. While the Federalists and Anti-Federalists had different views on the role of government, their ideas continue to influence political debates in the modern era.

Explanation:

Answer:

During the Constitutional Convention of 1787, two different plans were proposed for the structure and organization of the United States government. These plans were known as the Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan. The differences between the two plans were primarily centered around the issue of representation in the legislative branch.

The Virginia Plan, also known as the large-state plan, was proposed by James Madison and was supported by the larger states. It called for a bicameral legislature, with representation based on population in both houses. This meant that larger states would have more representatives and more power in the government. The Virginia Plan also proposed a strong central government with the power to veto state laws, which was controversial among smaller states.

The New Jersey Plan, also known as the small-state plan, was proposed by William Paterson and was supported by the smaller states. It called for a unicameral legislature, with equal representation for all states regardless of population. This would have given smaller states more power in the government. The New Jersey Plan also proposed that the central government only have limited powers and that state laws could not be vetoed.

The debate between the Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan was resolved through the Great Compromise, also known as the Connecticut Compromise, which created a bicameral legislature with representation based on population in the House of Representatives and equal representation in the Senate. This compromise balanced the power between larger and smaller states and helped to establish the structure of the United States government that still exists today.

In summary, the Virginia Plan called for representation based on population, a strong central government, and the power to veto state laws, while the New Jersey Plan called for equal representation for all states, limited central government power, and no veto power over state laws.

Explanation:

The Virginia and New Jersey Plans were two different proposals presented during the Constitutional Convention of 1787. The Virginia Plan advocated for representation based on population, while the New Jersey Plan called for equal representation for all states. The debate among the delegates eventually led to the Great Compromise.

The Virginia and New Jersey Plans were two different proposals put forward during the Constitutional Convention of 1787 to address the issue of representation in the newly formed government. The Virginia Plan, also known as the large state plan, called for a bicameral legislature with representation based on population. The New Jersey Plan, also known as the small state plan, proposed a unicameral legislature with equal representation for all states.

The main differences between the two plans were in regards to the method of representation and the power given to the states. The Virginia Plan favored larger states and their representation was based on population, which gave them an advantage. The New Jersey Plan, on the other hand, favored smaller states as it provided equal representation to all states regardless of their population.

These differences led to a debate among the delegates, which ultimately resulted in the Great Compromise. This compromise merged elements of both plans, creating a bicameral legislature with the House of Representatives based on population and the Senate giving each state equal representation.

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Answer:

It's D! He felt like he had run out of other options.

Explanation:

In the story of Naaman in 2 Kings 5, Naaman is a powerful commander of the Aramean army who suffers from leprosy. Despite his power and wealth, he is unable to find a cure for his disease and becomes desperate. One of his servants suggests that he seek out the prophet Elisha in Israel, and Naaman eventually agrees to go. So, it was not because he was threatened by Israel's king, admired Elisha's work, or wanted to travel to Israel, but rather because he felt like he had run out of other options.

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According to the Browns, for education to be equitable, children from all racial backgrounds must attend the same school and have access to the same facilities and opportunities.

In the landmark case Board of Education of Topeka, 347 U.S. 483, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that American state laws requiring racial segregation in public schools are unconstitutional, even if the segregated institutions are otherwise of similar quality.

But Brown also had an unanticipated result, and the effects of that are still being felt today: it prompted a number of seasoned, highly trained black educators who worked in schools with only black children to resign, be demoted, or lose their jobs.

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Answer:

It's D. The prisoners were treated well, and there were

fears that the public would disapprove.

Explanation:

The prisoners were treated well, and there were fears that the public would disapprove is why Florida's POW camps were kept secret from the American public. American military officials adhered to the provisions of the 1929 Geneva Convention, which required that prisoners of war be treated humanely and receive the same food, clothing, and housing as the troops of the home nation. The fear was that if the American public found out that German and Italian prisoners of war were being treated well and working in Florida's agricultural and tourism industries, it could cause outrage and public disapproval. The U.S. government did not want to risk damaging morale on the home front or causing unrest. Therefore, they chose to keep the existence of the POW camps a secret from the American public.

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The Progressive Era, which spanned the years 1890 to 1920 in US history, was a time of strong social and political reform with the goal of moving society closer to what was desired.

Reformers of the Progressive Era aimed to use the federal government's authority to end unethical and unfair economic practises, lessen corruption, and combat the unfavourable social repercussions of industrialisation.

The Progressive Era saw improvements in consumer and worker rights as well as the ratification of women's suffrage. These unfavourable outcomes of industrialization led to the emergence of the Progressive movement. Progressive reformers aimed to control the private sector, provide consumer and worker protections, bring to light government and corporate malfeasance, and generally advance society.

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The Progressive Era was a period of significant social and political change in the United States, marked by a wave of reforms aimed at improving living and working conditions for Americans.

The reforms that resulted from this era had a lasting impact on American society, including the implementation of labor laws, women's suffrage, and regulation of monopolies.Studying the Progressive Era has helped me to better understand the current state of the United States. Many of the issues that were addressed during this time, such as income inequality, political corruption, and social injustice, still exist today. Additionally, the strategies and tactics employed by reformers during the Progressive Era, such as grassroots organizing and advocacy, have influenced contemporary political movements.However, the progress made during the Progressive Era is not without its limitations and challenges. Many of the reforms that were implemented were limited in scope and failed to address systemic issues that continue to persist today. Moreover, the backlash against progressive reforms during this period underscores the ongoing struggle for social and political change in the United States.

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On May 20-25, 1856, the Supreme Court of the United States heard oral arguments in the case of Dred Scott v. Sandford.

Court is an institution that administers justice in accordance with the law. It is an independent body which hears and determines disputes between parties, and is empowered to enforce judgments. Courts are established by governments to preserve the rule of law, protect fundamental rights and resolve disputes. Court proceedings are regulated by procedural rules which set out the steps a case must take in order to reach a judgment.

This case would ultimately decide whether Dred Scott, an African-American slave, was entitled to his freedom after having lived in a free state for an extended period of time. This case was a major event in the history of the United States, and of the fight for the abolition of slavery. As such, it would have been a story that both abolitionist and southern newspapers would have to carry between May 20 and 25, 1856.

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Gore's and bush's positions on full public financing of federal elections is that Bush has expressed support for some aspects of campaign finance reform while Gore has argued that the influence of money in politics undermines democracy .

George W. Bush, who served as President of the United States from 2001 to 2009 and was the Republican Party nominee for President in 2000, has been less supportive of full public financing of federal elections. While Bush gives support for some aspects of campaign finance reform, he has also argued that restrictions on campaign spending can limit free speech and that public financing could discourage private donations and reduce the influence of political parties.

It is worth noting, however, that both Gore and Bush were running for President in 2000 and their positions may have evolved or changed since then. Additionally, campaign finance reform is a complex issue with many different proposals and potential approaches, so their positions may vary depending on the specific details of any given proposal.

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Answer:

the civil war

Explanation:

Germany has threatened to scuttle Allied ships with its U-boats in order to deny Europe access to US supplies.

Why did Germany's employment of U-boats result in hostilities with the US? Submarines attacked American and other neutral ships with no notice or protection, and the German government betrayed its word about limiting its submarine fleet.

To break through the British blockade, which was threatening to starve Germany out of the war, Germany constructed bigger and larger U-boats. Germany only had 20 U-boats in 1914. It had 140 by 1917, and the U-boats had sunk roughly 30% of all the world's merchant ships.

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Answer:

(B) The U.S should be the first Western country to build a colonial empire.

Explanation:

During that point the United States was very aggressive with their foreign policies. They wanted control of strategic locations. Plus the U.S. is a democratic nation who fought the spread of communism.  

Answer:

True. The absence of nonverbal cues in online communication, such as through text or email, can give communicators more control over their online identities by allowing them to carefully craft and edit their messages.

Explanation:

The answer would be: A. Congress.

"John Locke's rule of thumb for how much natural property one may morally accumulate is known as the "Lockean proviso". This proviso states that an individual can appropriate natural resources as long as there is "enough, and as good left in common for others". In other words, an individual can acquire property from nature as long as there is still enough of that resource available for others to use and enjoy. This ensures that the acquisition of property does not harm others and does not lead to a situation where some people have too much while others have too little. The Lockean proviso is often cited as an important principle in debates about property rights and resource management." (ChatGPT, 2023)

Answer: The ruling in this Supreme Court case upheld a Louisiana state law that allowed for "equal but separate accommodations for the white and colored races." During the era of Reconstruction, Black Americans' political rights were affirmed by three constitutional amendments and numerous laws passed by Congress.

In 1896, the Supreme Court ruled in Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) that separate accommodations based on race were constitutional. 58 years later in Brown v. The Board of Education of Topeka (1954) the court ruled that separate accommodations based on race were inherently unequal and so unconstitutional.

Time management is a critical skill for any entrepreneur, and there are various strategies that Dale can employ to manage his time better.

1. Set Priorities: Dale should begin by setting clear priorities for his daily tasks. He should determine what tasks are most important and which ones he can delegate or postpone.

2. Use Time-Blocking: Time-blocking is an excellent strategy for enhancing productivity and managing time more effectively. Dale should schedule his daily tasks into small chunks of time, allowing him to focus on one task at a time.

3. Take Regular Breaks: Dale should take regular breaks while working to avoid feeling overwhelmed and stressed. Short, frequent breaks can help him recharge and refocus his energy, allowing him to be more productive and work efficiently.

4. Delegate Tasks: Dale’s time is valuable, and he should focus his energy on tasks that require his unique skill set. He should consider delegating tasks that can be done by others to free up his time for more critical projects.

5. Eliminate Distractions: Dale should identify and eliminate distractions that are taking up his time and preventing him from focusing on his work.

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"Anti-Federalists" section of the article introduces a point of view that supports a weaker role for state powers.

The primary worry of the anti-federalist movement was that the new United States Constitution would establish a centralised federal government with excessive power and authority, endangering the freedoms and rights of both individuals and the states. They believed that the Constitution did not go far enough in defending individual liberties and that a powerful federal government would eventually turn into a despotic and oppressive institution. They asserted that the Constitution gave the executive branch excessive power and that the lack of a Bill of Rights would expose citizens to abuses by the government. Anti-federalists aimed to curtail the federal government's authority and increase state autonomy and self-governance.

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'Letter from Birmingham Jail' is an open letter written by Martin Luther King Jr. on April 16, 1963.

It says that people have a moral responsibility to break unjust laws and to take direct action rather than waiting potentially forever for justice to come through the courts.

Martin Luther King Jr. was an American Baptist minister and activist who was one of the most prominent leaders in the civil rights movement from 1955 until his assassination in 19681. He led the civil rights movement in the United States from the mid-1950s until his death by assassination in 1968.

James Earl Ray assassinated Martin Luther King Jr. at the Lorraine Motel in Memphis, Tennessee, on April 4, 196812. Ray was an American fugitive convicted for assassinating Martin Luther King Jr.

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The colonization of Africa by European powers in the late 19th and early 20th centuries was motivated by various factors, including economic, political, social, and military reasons. Military reasons were particularly important in driving European expansion in Africa. Here are some of the military reasons for colonization of Africa:

In summary, military reasons played a significant role in the colonization of Africa. European powers sought to establish military bases, control natural resources, gain an advantage over their rivals, protect Christian missionaries, and secure sources of labor. The consequences of colonization for Africa were profound and long-lasting, with impacts on political, economic, social, and cultural development.

Answer:

Option C is right because the domino theory was a Cold War foreign policy that said if one country in a region became communist, the other countries in the area would follow in a way that was like a chain reaction. People thought that if one country fell to communism, communists would use it as a base to try to take over other countries nearby and make them unstable. These countries would then also fall to communism. This was why the US had a policy of "containment" and why they went to war in Korea and Vietnam.

Option A is wrong because it talks about non-aligned countries, which were not always communist. The domino theory, on the other hand, was about how communism spread.

Option B is wrong because it talks about the spread of weapons and networks, which is different from the spread of communism.

Option D is wrong because it talks about economic crises and quick fixes like communism, but the domino theory was about the spread of communism, not economic instability.

Lydia Maria Child was an American abolitionist, women's rights activist, and author who spoke out against the capital punishment.

Capital punishment, also known as death penalty, is legal process where a person is put to death by the state as a punishment for crime they have committed. This sentence is usually reserved for the most serious crimes, such as murder, treason, or espionage. The methods used for carrying out capital punishment vary by country and can include methods such as lethal injection, electrocution, gas chambers, hanging, or firing squad. Supporters of capital punishment argue that it is a necessary deterrent for serious crimes, while opponents argue that it is morally wrong and can result in the execution of innocent people. The use of capital punishment is a highly debated topic around the world, with some countries having abolished it, while others continue to use it.

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Answer:

Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.'s Chicago crusade was a nonviolent campaign that aimed to end discrimination and segregation in the city's housing and education systems. The campaign faced strong opposition from local authorities and community members, but ultimately led to important reforms and progress towards racial equality in Chicago.

Explanation:

Answer:

Statement B best describes the effect of President Warren Harding's economic policies.

D. the Brain Trust encouraged FDR to make the banks take a "holiday" when he became President.

The Brain Trust was a group of academic advisors who helped FDR develop policies during his presidential campaign and after he took office. They consisted of economists, lawyers, and other experts who had a progressive outlook and believed in using government intervention to address social and economic problems. According to historian William Leuchtenburg, the Brain Trust "had formulated a plan for the President to cope with the banking crisis," which included the idea of a "bank holiday" to give the government time to reorganize and stabilize the banking system (Leuchtenburg, 1995, p. 141). FDR ultimately embraced this idea and declared a four-day bank holiday on March 6, 1933, which was followed by the Emergency Banking Act to restore confidence in the banking system.

Answer: D, The Brain Trust

Explanation:

As Robert E. Lee gave up at Appomattox Court House, the Civil War came to an end.

Robert E. Lee's surrender to Ulysses S. Grant on April 9, 1865, officially put an end to the Civil War, while other southern armies continued to give up until May. It is one of the most significant moments in American history.

The Confederate General Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia was surrendered to the Union General Ulysses S. Grant after the Battle of Appomattox Court House, which took place on April 9, 1865, close to the town of Appomattox Court House, Virginia.

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