The journal entry on May 7, 2022, would look like this:
Salary Expense - Debit $102,000 Withholdings - Credit $24,000 Cash - Credit $78,000How journal entry show the effects of the payroll accrualFor the payroll period ended on May 7, 2022, the journal entry to show the effects of the payroll accrual can be explained as follows:
The gross pay represents the total earnings of employees before any deductions, which is $102,000.
The net pay is the amount paid to employees after all deductions, amounting to $78,000.
Various withholdings, such as taxes and other deductions, total $24,000.
To record the payroll accrual in the journal entry, the following accounts will be affected:
1. Debit Salary Expense for the gross pay ($102,000).
2. Credit various withholding accounts for the total amount of withholdings ($24,000).
3. Credit Cash for the net pay ($78,000).
The journal entry on May 7, 2022, would look like this:
Salary Expense - Debit $102,000 Withholdings - Credit $24,000 Cash - Credit $78,000This entry accurately reflects the payroll accrual's effects by recording the expense, withholdings, and cash paid to employees during the payroll period.
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Strategic management focuses on integrating management, ________, and information systems to achieve organizational success.
A) marketing
B) finance/accounting
C) production/operations
D) research and development
E) all of the above
Strategic management focuses on integrating management, information systems, and other key functions to achieve organizational success. In this context, the correct answer is E) all of the above.
Strategic management is a comprehensive approach that considers various aspects of an organization, such as marketing, finance/accounting, production/operations, and research and development. By incorporating these different areas, strategic management ensures that a business can effectively develop and implement its vision and goals.
Integrating management refers to the process of combining and coordinating various management functions to achieve a unified and coherent approach to managing the organization. This ensures that all departments work together towards common objectives.
Information systems play a crucial role in strategic management by providing the necessary data and tools for decision-making and analysis. They help organizations gather, analyze, and manage data to make informed decisions and achieve their objectives.
To summarize, strategic management focuses on integrating management, marketing, finance/accounting, production/operations, research and development, and information systems to achieve organizational success.
This comprehensive approach helps organizations make better decisions, maximize their resources, and ensure that all departments work together towards a common goal.
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Customers should be billed for back-orders when a. The back-ordered goods are shipped b. The original goods are shipped c. Customers are not billed for back-orders because a back-order is a lost sale
When the items on backorder are dispatched, customers should be invoiced. Here option A is the correct answer.
This is because a back-order represents a delayed fulfillment of the customer's original order, and the customer has agreed to wait for the goods to become available. Billing the customer at the time of shipment ensures that the business receives payment for the goods, and it also helps to manage cash flow and accounts receivable.
Billing the customer when the original goods are shipped could create confusion and potential disputes over timing and pricing. If the back-ordered goods have a different price than the original goods, the customer may be surprised by the final bill and feel misled.
It is not recommended to refrain from billing for back-orders because a back-order is considered a lost sale. While it is true that some customers may cancel their back-orders if the wait time is too long, many customers are willing to wait for the goods to become available. By billing customers when the back-ordered goods are shipped, businesses can ensure they receive payment for goods that the customer has agreed to purchase.
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A company's capital structure is as follows: $10 million in preferred stock, $100 million in common stock, and $10 million in bonds. What is the weight (in the capital structure) of the company's preferred stock
The weight of the company's preferred stock in its capital structure is 8.33%. The weight of a component in a company's capital structure is calculated by dividing its value by the total value of the capital structure.
In this case, the total value of the capital structure is $120 million ($10 million + $100 million + $10 million). Therefore, to find the weight of the company's preferred stock, we divide its value by the total value of the capital structure: Weight of preferred stock = $10 million / $120 million = 0.0833 or 8.33%
Therefore, the weight of the company's preferred stock in its capital structure is 8.33%. This means that the preferred stock represents 8.33% of the total financing for the company, while the common stock and bonds represent 83.33% and 8.33%, respectively.
It's important to note that the weight of each component in a company's capital structure can have significant implications for its financial performance and risk profile.
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How much must be deposited at the end of each quarter for 7.5
years to accumulate to $27000.00 at 6.84% compounded monthly?
The amount that must be deposited at the end of each quarter for 7.5 years to accumulate to $27,000.00 at an interest rate of 6.84% compounded monthly is approximately $2,880.38.
How much must be deposited?To calculate the amount that must be deposited at the end of each quarter to accumulate to a total of $27,000.00 over 7.5 years at an interest rate of 6.84% compounded monthly, we can use the formula for compound interest:
A = P(1 + r/n)^(nt)
where:
A = the total amount accumulatedP = the principal amount (the deposit to be made at the end of each quarter)r = the annual interest rate (in decimal form)n = the number of times interest is compounded per yeart = the time period for which the interest is compounded (in years)In this case, the interest is compounded monthly, so n = 12 (12 months in a year), and the time period is 7.5 years.
Plugging in the given values:
A = $27,000.00
r = 6.84% or 0.0684 (in decimal form)
n = 12
t = 7.5 years
We can now solve for P:
27,000 = P(1 + 0.0684/12)^(12*7.5)
Dividing both sides by (1 + 0.0684/12)^(12*7.5), we get:
P = 27,000 / (1 + 0.0684/12)^(12*7.5)
Using a calculator, we can evaluate the right-hand side of the equation to find the value of P:
P = 27,000 / (1.005698763)^(90)
P ≈ $2,880.38
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Large-cap stocks had the nominal rates of return of 14.81 percent. The rate of inflation during the last year was 2.37 percent. What is the real rate of return for large-cap stocks?
Round the answer to two decimal places in percentage form.
The real rate of return for large-cap stocks can be calculated by subtracting the rate of inflation from the nominal rate of return. Therefore, the real rate of return for large-cap stocks can be calculated as:
Real rate of return = Nominal rate of return - Inflation rate
Real rate of return = 14.81% - 2.37%
Real rate of return = 12.44%
Hence, the real rate of return for large-cap stocks is 12.44% rounded to two decimal places in percentage form. This means that the large-cap stocks generated a return of 12.44% after adjusting for inflation during the last year.
It is important to consider the real rate of return as it reflects the actual return that an investor earns after accounting for the impact of inflation on their investment.
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required information skip to question [the following information applies to the questions displayed below.] required: 1. create a new column in the purchase orders table for state sales tax. use the vlookup function to match supplier st to the state in the sales tax table. 2. create a new column in the purchase orders table that provides the calculation for the amount of state sales tax owed on each line item. ask the question: how can we incorporate sales tax into each transaction line item without having to do so manually? master the data: the 4-2 alt data is purchasing data rather than sales, so instead of working with store location, you will work with supplier st. keep in mind there are different columns available in this dataset, so your vlookup and calculation columns will be in columns j and k and will reference different sections of the spreadsheet. software needed excel screen capture tool (windows: snipping tool; mac: cmd shift 4) data: lab 4-2 alt data.xlsx. perform the analysis: refer to lab 4-2 alternate in the text for instructions and lab 4-2 steps for each the of lab parts. share the story: you have now worked with connecting data in excel stored in two different tables and retrieving the data from one table into another to add descriptive attributes to your transaction table. required: 1. what is the total state tax owed for each line item in the purchase order table? multiple choice 1 $8.41 $687.21 $841.67 $5446.16 2. what is the state tax owed on purchase order id 20510? multiple choice 2 $95.00 $14.29 $42.25 $21.80 3. what is the state sales tax owed on purchase order id 20525? (note- there are multiple line items on this invoice. round if necessary.) multiple choice 3 $31.78 $19.50 $0.20 $14.62 4. what is the state sales tax rate for minnesota? multiple choice 4 0.065 0.04 0.0725 0.06875 5. for the second argument in a vlookup function, do you typically select one cell, a full column, or an entire table array? multiple choice 5 full column it depends one cell entire table array p
The questions are related to a data analysis task that involves using the VLOOKUP function in Excel to match and retrieve data from one table to another.
Specifically, the task involves adding state sales tax information to a purchase orders table by matching the supplier's state with the state in the sales tax table and calculating the amount of state sales tax owed for each line item.
The state sales tax owed for each line item in the purchase order table is $8.41.
The state tax owed on purchase order id 20510 is $14.29.
The state sales tax owed on purchase order id 20525 is $31.78.
The state sales tax rate for Minnesota is 0.0725.
For the second argument in a vlookup function, you typically select either one cell or a full column.
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Exchange rates are influenced by all of the following EXCEPT:
A. political risks
B. purchasing power of the foreign country
C. purchasing power of the home currency
D. excessive trade deficits
Exchange rates are influenced by all of the following EXCEPT; purchasing power of the home currency
Exchange rates are influenced by all of the following: EXCEPT the purchasing power of the home currency. Factors that influence exchange rates include:
A. Political risks: Political instability or changes in government policies can affect the confidence of investors and currency values.
B. Purchasing power of the foreign country: A country with higher purchasing power will generally have a stronger currency, as its goods and services are more attractive to international buyers.
D. Excessive trade deficits: A country with a large trade deficit will generally have a weaker currency, as it is importing more than it is exporting, leading to increased demand for foreign currency and decreased demand for its own currency.
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Your broker charges $0.0020 per share per trade. The exchange charges $0.0119 per share per trade for removing liquidity and credits $0.0101 per share per trade for adding liquidity. The current best BID price for stock XYZ is $72.81 per share, while the current best ASK price is $72.82 per share. You post an order to buy XYZ at the current best BID price and wait. Shortly after, the best BID and ASK prices move lower (down) by one cent each. Your buy order is executed. Immediately, you post an order to sell XYZ at the new best ASK price and wait. Shortly after, the best BID and ASK prices move higher (up) by one cent each. Your sell order is executed. What will be your net profit per share to buy and sell XYZ after considering the commissions and any exchange fees or credits? $0.0150 $0.0154 $0.0158 $0.0162 $0.0166
The net profit per share to buy and sell XYZ after considering the commissions and any exchange fees or credits is $0.0140.None of the answer options is correct.
Let's first calculate the cost of buying and selling one share of XYZ.
Buying one share at the best BID price of $72.81 will cost:
Cost of one share = $72.81
Broker's commission = $0.0020 per share
Exchange fee for removing liquidity = $0.0119 per share
Total cost to buy = $72.81 + $0.0020 + $0.0119 = $72.8239
Selling one share at the new best ASK price of $72.81 will earn:
Revenue from selling one share = $72.83
Broker's commission = $0.0020 per share
Exchange fee for adding liquidity = $0.0101 per share
Total revenue from selling = $72.83 - $0.0020 + $0.0101 = $72.8379
Therefore, the profit per share after considering all costs and fees is:
Profit per share = Total revenue - Total cost = $72.8379 - $72.8239 = $0.0140
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east coast yachts goes international what are the implications for this approach?how can the company hedge its exchange rate risk? what are the implications for this approach?
If East Coast Yachts decides to expand internationally, they will need to consider the implications of this approach. One of the main implications is the exposure to exchange rate risk. This risk arises because the company will be conducting business in foreign currencies, which can fluctuate in value compared to the US dollar.
To hedge its exchange rate risk, East Coast Yachts can use various financial instruments such as currency forwards, options, and swaps. These tools allow the company to lock in an exchange rate for a future date, reducing the uncertainty associated with foreign currency transactions. By hedging its exchange rate risk, the company can mitigate potential losses and improve its financial stability.
However, there are also implications to consider when using these hedging instruments. For example, they can be costly and require specialized expertise to manage effectively. Additionally, if the company overestimates the amount of foreign currency it will need to purchase or sells too many forward contracts, it could end up losing money if the exchange rate moves in a different direction than anticipated.
Overall, while expanding internationally can offer significant growth opportunities, East Coast Yachts must carefully consider the implications of this approach, including the risks associated with exchange rate fluctuations and the costs and complexities of hedging against them.
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which of the following is an advantage of the first in, first out (fifo) method? a. it results in lower tax liability. b. it reduces the risk of spoilage. c. record keeping is simple under this method. d. this method involves no complex calculations.
The advantage of the first in, first out FIFO method is that it reduces the risk of spoilage. Option B is correct.
The FIFO method assumes that the first items that are purchased or produced are the first items sold or used, which means that the oldest inventory is always used first. This is particularly useful for products that have a limited shelf life, such as perishable goods, where using the oldest inventory first helps to reduce the risk of spoilage and waste.
The other options listed do not accurately describe the advantages of the FIFO method. The FIFO method does not necessarily result in lower tax liability, as the tax liability depends on various factors such as the cost of goods sold and the tax laws in the jurisdiction.
The record keeping under the FIFO method may be simple, but it is not necessarily an advantage as other inventory methods may also have simple record keeping. Finally, the FIFO method may involve complex calculations when dealing with large inventories or multiple batches of similar products.
Hence, B. is the correct option.
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If the production function is Q = 30 + 33L + 16K, what’s the
most you can produce with 5 workers (L) and 3 unit of capital (K)?
Enter as a value.
The maximum amount that can be produced with 5 workers and 3 units of capital is 243 units.
The production function is a mathematical equation that shows the maximum amount of output (Q) that can be produced with a given amount of inputs such as labor (L) and capital (K). In the case of the given production function Q = 30 + 33L + 16K, the output depends on the number of workers and units of capital used.
To answer the question, we need to plug in the given values of L = 5 and K = 3 into the production function and solve for Q.
Q = 30 + 33(5) + 16(3)
Q = 30 + 165 + 48
Q = 243
Therefore, the maximum amount that can be produced with 5 workers and 3 units of capital is 243 units.
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What is the yield to maturity (use formula 10-3) for the following bonds? Assume these are bonds issued in the U.S. Assume a par value of $1,000 and semi-annual coupon payments. a. 10 years to maturity, 6% coupon rate, the current price is $950. 6 | P a g e b. 16 years to maturity, 0% coupon rate, the current price is $339.
Yield to maturity (YTM) is a financial concept used to estimate the total return an investor can expect to earn from a fixed-income investment, such as a bond, if held until maturity. It is expressed as an annual percentage rate (APR) and takes into account various factors, including the bond's current market price, par value, coupon interest rate, and time until maturity.
a. Bond with 10 years to maturity, 6% coupon rate, current price of $950.
Coupon payment (C) = 6% / 2 = $30 (since it's a semi-annual coupon payment)
Face value (F) = $1,000
Current price (P) = $950
Number of periods to maturity (n) = 10 years * 2 = 20
Plugging in the correct values into the YTM formula:
YTM = 2 * ((C + ((F - P) / n)) / (F + P))
YTM = 2 * ((30 + ((1000 - 950) / 20)) / (1000 + 950))
YTM = 2 * ((30 + (2.5)) / 1950)
YTM = 2 * (32.5 / 1950)
YTM = 0.0333 or 3.33%
So, the correct yield to maturity (YTM) for this bond is approximately 3.33%.
b. Bond with 16 years to maturity, 0% coupon rate, current price of $339.
Coupon payment (C) = 0% / 2 = $0 (since it's a zero-coupon bond)
Face value (F) = $1,000
Current price (P) = $339
Number of periods to maturity (n) = 16 years * 2 = 32
Plugging in the correct values into the YTM formula:
YTM = 2 * ((C + ((F - P) / n)) / (F + P))
YTM = 2 * ((0 + ((1000 - 339) / 32)) / (1000 + 339))
YTM = 2 * ((0 + (20.97)) / 1339)
YTM = 2 * (20.97 / 1339)
YTM = 0.0313 or 3.13%
So, the correct yield to maturity (YTM) for this bond is approximately 3.13%.
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the aca requires insurers to offer the same premium to all applicants of the same age and geographic location regardless of preexisting conditions or sex. compared to insurance not written subject to these restrictions, the premiums for the aca compliant policies can be expected to be
Compared to insurance policies not written subject to these restrictions, the premiums for ACA-compliant policies can be expected to be D. Higher.
This is because the ACA or Affordable Care Act, regulations ensure that individuals with preexisting conditions or other risk factors are not charged higher premiums, which may have been the case with non-ACA-compliant policies. Insurers in the past could charge higher premiums for high-risk individuals to account for the increased costs of their healthcare needs. With the ACA's community rating system, the premiums for all individuals in a particular age and geographic group are averaged out.
As a result, healthier individuals may experience higher premiums under ACA-compliant policies than they would with non-compliant policies, as they are effectively subsidizing the costs of coverage for those with preexisting conditions. This helps ensure that everyone has access to affordable health insurance, regardless of their health status. So, while the ACA policies may lead to higher premiums for some, they create a more equitable system overall. Therefore, the correct option is D.
The question was incomplete, Find the full content below:
the ACA requires insurers to offer the same premium to all applicants of the same age and geographic location regardless of preexisting conditions or sex. compared to insurance not written subject to these restrictions, the premiums for the ACA compliant policies can be expected to be
A. Unable to determine
B. The same
C. Lower
D. Higher
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Mannix Corporation stock currently sells for $110 per share. The market requires a return of 9 percent on the firm's stock. If the company maintains a constant 4 percent growth rate in dividends, what was the most recent dividend per share paid on the stock?
The most recent dividend per share paid on the stock was $3.36.
We can use the constant growth model to solve for the most recent dividend per share paid on the stock. The formula for the constant growth model is:
D1 = D0 × (1 + g)
Where:
D1 = the dividend to be paid next year
D0 = the most recent dividend paid
g = the constant growth rate of dividends
We know that the market requires a return of 9 percent on the firm's stock, which means that the cost of equity (Ke) is 9%. We also know that the company maintains a constant 4 percent growth rate in dividends (g = 0.04).
Therefore, we can use the following formula to solve for D0:
D0 = D1 ÷ (1 + Ke - g)
Since we don't have the value of D1, we need to solve for it using the formula:
P0 = D1 ÷ (Ke - g)
Where:
P0 = the current stock price
We know that the current stock price is $110, Ke = 9%, and g = 4%. Plugging these values into the formula, we get:
$110 = D1 ÷ (0.09 - 0.04)
Solving for D1, we get:
D1 = $110 × (0.09 - 0.04) = $5.50
Now that we have D1, we can use the formula for D0 to solve for the most recent dividend per share paid on the stock:
D0 = $5.50 ÷ (1 + 0.09 - 0.04) = $3.36
Therefore, the most recent dividend per share was $3.36.
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A company's formal and informal arrangements of tasks, responsibilities, and lines of authority and communications make up the company's _organizational structure. (true or false)
The given statement "A company's formal and informal arrangements of tasks, responsibilities, and lines of authority and communications make up the company's organizational structure." is True.
Organizational structure refers to the formal and informal arrangements of tasks, responsibilities, lines of authority and communication within a company. It defines the relationships among different positions and departments in an organization and how information flows between them. A well-designed organizational structure can help a company achieve its goals and objectives by clarifying roles and responsibilities, improving efficiency, and reducing conflicts. On the other hand, a poorly designed organizational structure can lead to confusion, inefficiency, and even failure.
The formal aspect of organizational structure includes the hierarchical arrangement of positions and reporting relationships, job descriptions, and the distribution of authority and decision-making power. The informal aspect refers to the social network of communication and relationships that exist within the organization, such as friendships, cliques, and informal channels of communication.
A company's organizational structure can be influenced by various factors such as its size, culture, strategy, and environment. It can be designed to be centralized, decentralized, or matrix, depending on the needs of the company. Ultimately, a well-designed organizational structure can help a company achieve its goals and objectives by clarifying roles and responsibilities, improving efficiency, and reducing conflicts.
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which of the following has the highest production cost when used to generate electricity (cost per kwh of electricity)? a. petroleum oil b. natural gas c. coal d. aaa batteries
Among the options provided, the highest production cost when used to generate electricity (cost per kWh of electricity) is typically associated with D. AAA batteries.
Petroleum oil, natural gas, and coal are all fossil fuels that have been used extensively to generate electricity. While they have varying production costs, they are generally more cost-effective than using AAA batteries for electricity generation. Petroleum oil and natural gas are more expensive than coal, but they have lower emissions and are often used for peak electricity demand or in areas with limited access to other energy sources.
On the other hand, AAA batteries are primarily designed for small electronic devices and are not meant for large-scale electricity generation. The production costs for these batteries are significantly higher due to the limited energy capacity and the need for frequent replacement. Additionally, batteries require materials like lithium, nickel, and cobalt, which can be expensive and have environmental impacts associated with their extraction and disposal.
In summary, while petroleum oil, natural gas, and coal have different production costs and environmental impacts, they are generally more cost-effective than AAA batteries for generating electricity. Using AAA batteries as an electricity source would lead to much higher costs per kWh and is not practical for large-scale applications. Therefore the correct option is D
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assume that the physical property of a business is valued at $50,000. the company's commercial property policy contains a coinsurance clause with a stated percentage of 80 percent. the company insures the property for $30,000 (75 percent of the specified minimum). the company incurs a fire loss of $20,000. how much of the loss will the insurance company pay for?
The insurance company will pay for $15,000 of the $20,000 loss, and the company will be responsible for the remaining $5,000.
According to the coinsurance clause, the minimum amount of insurance required is 80% of the property value, which is $40,000 (80% of $50,000).
The company only insured the property for $30,000, which is 75% of the minimum required amount. Therefore, the company is underinsured by $10,000 ($40,000 - $30,000).
To calculate the amount of the loss that the insurance company will pay for, we need to apply the coinsurance formula:
(Insurance carried / Insurance required) x Loss = Amount of loss covered
Substituting the given values:
($30,000 / $40,000) x $20,000 = $15,000
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C-2. For each predictor variable, state the p-value and determine whether the predictor variable is significant in explaining Time
In linear models, predictor p-values provide a pointer to the statistical significance of a predictor coefficient value; they measure the likelihood that a randomly shuffled model could have produced a coefficient as large as the fitted value.
A low p-value (0.05) suggests that the null hypothesis can be rejected. In other words, a low p-value predictor is likely to be a useful addition to your model because changes in the predictor's value are associated to changes in the response variable. If the P-value is less than 0.05, we can reject the null hypothesis and infer that the variables are related.
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t which method of calculating inventory cost is used to estimate the amount of ending inventory? a. last in, first out (lifo) b. first in, first out (fifo) c. weighted average method d. gross profit method
The first in first out (FIFO) method of calculating inventory cost is used to estimate the amount of ending inventory. Thus, the accurate answer is option (B).
First in, first out, or FIFO, is an uncomplicated technique of inventory valuation based on the presumption that the first items bought or produced are sold first. This implies that older inventory is distributed to customers before fresh inventory, in theory.
To determine the number of units in ending inventory at the conclusion of each accounting period, the corporation performs a physical count. The cost of ending inventory is then calculated using the first-in, first-out (FIFO) technique by the company.
Therefore, option B is the appropriate response.
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The Gross Profit Method is used to estimate the cost of ending inventory. This method is suitable when a physical inventory count isn't feasible or a prompt inventory cost estimate is needed for accounting purposes.
Explanation:The method of calculating inventory cost that is used to estimate the amount of ending inventory is the Gross Profit Method. This method is used when a physical count of the inventory is impracticable or when an immediate estimate of inventory cost is required for financial reporting purposes.
Under the gross profit method, the cost of goods available for sale is assumed to be the sum of the beginning inventory and the cost of goods purchased. The gross profit is then estimated based on historical profit margin percentages, and this estimate is subtracted from the cost of goods available for sale to approximate the cost of the Ending Inventory. For instance, if the beginning inventory is $10,000, the cost of goods purchased is $30,000, and the gross profit margin is 40%, the estimated cost of ending inventory would be $24,000 (($10,000+$30,000)×(1-0.40)).
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when negotiating, the tendency is to want to win! why is this not a good approach when managing contracted relationships? question 16 options: this approach inhibits the degree of trust and cooperation needed for the alliance to work. a noncompetitive approach can bring about functional conflict. this approach can cause dysfunctional conflict to rise and negotiations to break down. because people have to continue to work together after negotiations. all of these are reasons a competitive approach to negotiation should not be used when managing contracted relationships.
When managing contracted relationships, a competitive approach to negotiation is not a good idea. The reason for this is that a win-lose mentality can inhibit the degree of trust and cooperation needed for the alliance to work effectively.
The reasons why the competitive approach to negotiation is not idealWhen managing contracted relationships, a competitive approach to negotiation is not ideal for several reasons.
Firstly, this approach inhibits the degree of trust and cooperation needed for the alliance to work, as it creates an environment where parties are more focused on winning than collaborating.
Secondly, a noncompetitive approach can bring about functional conflict, which can lead to improved solutions and better understanding between parties.
Additionally, a competitive approach can cause dysfunctional conflict to rise and negotiations to break down, making it difficult for parties to reach mutually beneficial agreements.
Lastly, it is important to remember that people have to continue working together after negotiations, and a competitive approach can create animosity and damage long-term relationships.
In conclusion, all these reasons highlight the importance of avoiding a competitive approach to negotiation when managing contracted relationships, as it can negatively impact trust, cooperation, and the overall success of the partnership.
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Net profit is computed in the?
A)Profit and loss account B) Balance sheet C) Trial balance D) Trading account
Net profit is computed in the Profit and Loss Account. The correct option is (A). The Profit and Loss Account is a financial statement that summarizes the revenues, costs, and expenses incurred by a company over a specific period, usually a fiscal year or a quarter.
The process of computing net profit in the Profit and Loss Account involves several steps. First, the gross profit is calculated by subtracting the cost of goods sold from the revenue generated. Next, the operating expenses, which include items like salaries, rent, and utilities, are deducted from the gross profit to determine the operating profit. Following this, any non-operating income or expenses, such as interest income or loss on the sale of assets, are factored in. Finally, taxes are deducted to arrive at the net profit or loss.
In contrast, B) Balance Sheet provides a snapshot of a company's financial position at a specific point in time, showing its assets, liabilities, and equity. C) Trial Balance is a summary of all the ledger account balances to ensure that the total debits equal the total credits, helping to identify any errors in the recording process. D) Trading Account is a segment of the Profit and Loss Account, which specifically calculates the gross profit or loss by considering the cost of goods sold and the revenue generated from sales.
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Individual claim amounts from an insurance company portfolio is said to have an exponential distribution with mean $500. The insurer arranges an excess of loss reinsurance treaty with retention level of $1200. (a) Calculate the expected claim amount the insurer pays in respect of a claim which does not involve the reinsurer. (b) Calculate the expected claim amount the reinsurer pays in respect of a claim which does involve the reinsurer. (c) c Calculate the percentage reduction in the expected claim amount payable by the insurer as a result of effecting the treaty.
The percentage reduction in the expected claim amount payable by the insurer as a result of the treaty is: [(500 - 1274.20) / 500] x 100% = -154.84%
The expected claim amount that the insurer pays for a claim not involving the reinsurer is $267.52.
(a) Since the claim amounts follow an exponential distribution with mean $500, the probability density function is given by:
f(x) = (1/500)e²(-x/500) for x > 0
The expected claim amount that the insurer pays for a claim not involving the reinsurer is given by:
∫(from 0 to 1200) xf(x) dx = ∫(from 0 to 1200) x(1/500)e²(-x/500) dx
Using integration by parts, we get:
∫(from 0 to 1200) xf(x) dx = [-xe²(-x/500) - 500e²(-x/500)](from 0 to 1200)
= (1200e²(-1200/500) + 500e²(-1200/500)) - (0 - 500)
= $267.52
(b) The expected claim amount that the reinsurer pays for a claim involving the reinsurer is the amount exceeding the retention level of $1200. Therefore, the expected claim amount that the reinsurer pays is:
∫(from 1200 to ∞) x(1/500)e²(-x/500) dx
Using integration by parts, we get:
∫(from 1200 to ∞) x(1/500)e²(-x/500) dx = [-xe²(-x/500)](from 1200 to ∞)
= $74.20
Therefore, the expected claim amount that the reinsurer pays for a claim involving the reinsurer is $74.20.
(c) The percentage reduction in the expected claim amount payable by the insurer as a result of the treaty is:
[(Expected claim amount without treaty - Expected claim amount with treaty) / Expected claim amount without treaty] x 100%
Expected claim amount without treaty = $500 (given)
Expected claim amount with treaty = $1200 + $74.20 = $1274.20
Therefore, the percentage reduction in the expected claim amount payable by the insurer as a result of the treaty is:
[(500 - 1274.20) / 500] x 100% = -154.84%
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Imagine that your city decides to enact a rent-control law that limits the price of a one-bedroom apartment to $ 600 per month. Using the table below, answer the following questions.
Monthly rent Quantity demanded Quantity supplied
$500 800 140
$550 650 210
$600 500 280
$650 350 350
$700 200 420
Part 1
What is the market price without rent control? $
Part 2
How many one-bedroom apartments will be rented after the rent control law is passed?
A rent control law is a price cap rule that lowers the cost of renting an apartment but deters property owners from renting out their apartments.
Does rent regulation represent a pricing floor or ceiling solution?Rent control is a prime example of a price cap. Price ceiling refers to the maximum amount that, under the law, a seller may charge for a good or service. A landlord's ability to charge rent is restricted by rent control.
Does rent regulation represent a price floor? Is it real or not?A price ceiling, not a price floor, is what rent control is an example of. This is so because rent control limits the highest price a landlord may charge a tenant. A price floor is the lowest permitted price.
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Answer:part 1 is 650$ part 2 is 280
Explanation:
Question 11 of 20 -/1 View Policies Current Attempt in Progress When a firm has a period of mixed dividend growth followed by a period of no growth one can find the current price by calculating the present value of the mixed dividends and adding it to the presentvalue of the price at the point when it experiences no growth. True False Attempts: 0 of 1 used Submit Answer Save for Later
The statement is true because it is consistent with the dividend discount model (DDM) used to estimate the intrinsic value of a stock based on its future dividends.
The DDM assumes that the stock's price is the sum of the present value of all future dividends, discounted at a rate that reflects the time value of money and the riskiness of the stock.
When a firm has a period of mixed dividend growth followed by a period of no growth, the DDM can still be applied by calculating the present value of the mixed dividends using a dividend growth model, and adding it to the present value of the price at the point when it experiences no growth.
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Company X is expected to pay a dividend of $4 next period, anddividends are expected to grow at 6% per year. The required returnis 16%. What is the current price? What is the price expected to bein
The current price of Company X's stock is $40. Meanwhile, the price expected to be in year 4 is $50.50.
To calculate the current price of Company X's stock, we can use the dividend discount model:
Current Price = [tex]\frac{\text{Dividend}}{\text{Required Return} - \text{Dividend Growth Rate}}[/tex]
Current Price = [tex]$\frac{4}{0.16-0.06}$[/tex]
Current Price = $4 / 0.1
Current Price = $40
Therefore, the current price of Company X's stock is $40.
To calculate the price expected to be in year 4, we can use the same formula, but we need to use the expected dividend and growth rate in year 4:
Expected Dividend in year 4 = $4 x (1 + 0.06)⁴ = $4 x 1.262 = $5.05
Price in year 4 = [tex]\frac{Expected Dividend_{4}}{Required Return - Dividend Growth Rate}[/tex]
Price in year 4 = [tex]$\frac{5.05}{0.16 - 0.06}$[/tex]
Price in year 4 = $5.05 / 0.1
Price in year 4 = $50.50
Therefore, the price expected to be in year 4 is $50.50.
The complete question:
Company X is expected to pay a dividend of $4 next period, and dividends are expected to grow at 6% per year. The required return is 16%. What is the current price? What is the price expected to be in year 4?Learn more about growth rate: https://brainly.com/question/31366616
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1) Kim is a salesperson at the PEAR computer company. The utility function of Kim is given by u(w, b, e) = w+b-c(e) where w E R is Kim's weekly wage, b is a bonus payment that is conditional on sales revenue, and c(e) is Kim's cost of effort where c(e) = 2 if e < 10 and cle) = (ěx (e – 10)2) = if e 2 10. Michelle is Kim's boss, who is maximising PEAR's profits which are given by: (w,b,e) = R(e) - w - b, where R(e) is the firm's sales revenues and R(e) = 100e Michelle cannot observe Kim's effort (e) directly but observes R(e) and can set the bonus level dependent on sales revenues. a. If Michelle sets w=200 and b=0, what would be Kim's effort level (e) and PEAR's profits? (1 mark) b. If Michelle sets w=0 and b=1000 conditional on reaching a sales target of R(e) = 3000, what would be Kim's effort level (e) and PEAR's profits? (1 mark) c. If Michelle sets w=100 and a bonus payment of 20% of sales revenues (i.e. b = 0.2 x R(e)) what would be Kim's effort level (e) and PEAR's profits? (1 mark) d. What is the optimal wage (w) and bonus payment (b) that maximises PEAR's profits? (1 mark) i. Briefly discuss the potential challenges with implementing an employment contract as in d) in a real-world setting. (1 mark)
a. Using u(w, b, e) = w + b - c(e) and Michelle's setting of w = 200 and b = 0, Kim's effort level (e) would be 10, and PEAR's profits would be (100 x 10) - 200 - 0 = 800.
b. With w = 0 and b = 1000 conditional on reaching R(e) = 3000, Kim's effort level (e) would be 15, and PEAR's profits would be (100 x 15) - 0 - 1000 = 500.
c. Using w = 100 and b = 0.2R(e), the bonus payment would be b = 0.2 x 100e = 20e, and Kim's effort level (e) would be 13.5, and PEAR's profits would be (100 x 13.5) - 100 - (20 x 13.5) = 950.
d. To maximize profits, Michelle would need to set w and b such that the first-order conditions are satisfied: ∂(R(e) - w - b)/∂w = 0 and ∂(R(e) - w - b)/∂b = 0. Solving these equations, we get w = 100 and b = 0.5R(e) - 50. With these values, Kim's effort level (e) would be 12.5, and PEAR's profits would be (100 x 12.5) - 100 - (0.5 x 100 x 12.5) + 50 = 1125.
i. One potential challenge with implementing such an employment contract in a real-world setting is that it may be difficult to accurately measure and incentivize effort levels, especially if the effort is based on subjective factors such as sales skills. Additionally, there may be a risk that employees will focus too heavily on meeting specific targets and not enough on long-term success and customer satisfaction.
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Complete question:
Kim is a salesperson at the PEAR computer company. The utility function of Kim is given by u(w, b, e) = w+b-c(e) where w ∈ R is Kim's weekly wage, b is a bonus payment that is conditional on sales revenue, and c(e) is Kim's cost of effort where c(e) = 2 if e < 10 and c(e) = (e – 10)² if e ≥ 10. Michelle is Kim's boss, who is maximizing PEAR's profits which are given by: Π(w, b, e) = R(e) - w - b, where R(e) is the firm's sales revenues and R(e) = 100e. Michelle cannot observe Kim's effort (e) directly but observes R(e) and can set the bonus level dependent on sales revenues.
a. If Michelle sets w=200 and b=0, what would be Kim's effort level (e) and PEAR's profits? (1 mark)
b. If Michelle sets w=0 and b=1000 conditional on reaching a sales target of R(e) = 3000, what would be Kim's effort level (e) and PEAR's profits? (1 mark)
c. If Michelle sets w=100 and a bonus payment of 20% of sales revenues (i.e. b = 0.2 x R(e)), what would be Kim's effort level (e) and PEAR's profits? (1 mark)
d. What is the optimal wage (w) and bonus payment (b) that maximizes PEAR's profits? (1 mark)
when a business owner calculates the floor cost of a product, he or she excludes marketing costs from the calculations.group startstrue or false
True. When calculating the floor cost of a product, business owners exclude marketing costs from the calculations.
Floor cost refers to the minimum cost required to produce or purchase a product, and it includes the direct costs of production such as raw materials, labor, and overhead expenses.
Marketing costs, on the other hand, refer to the expenses incurred to promote the product and make it available to customers. These expenses include advertising, promotions, and distribution costs. Since marketing costs are not directly related to the production of the product, they are not included in the floor cost calculation.
However, marketing costs are still important for the business as they help to create awareness and demand for the product, which in turn increases sales and revenue. Therefore, it is essential for business owners to budget and plan for marketing expenses separately from floor costs.
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Calculate the future value of a $5,000 annuity that you will invest at the end of each of the next 15 years, assuming you can earn a 10% compounded annual return. Compare that result with the future value assuming that the amounts are deposited at the beginning of each period (annuity due).
The future value of the annuity due is $167,260.
By comparison the annuity due results in a higher future value due to the additional compounding.
How to calculate the future value of an annuity?To calculate the future value of an annuity, we can use the following formula:
FV = Pmt x ((1 + r)^n - 1) / r
Where:
Pmt = the amount of each payment
r = the interest rate per period
n = the number of periods
For this problem, we have Pmt = $5,000, r = 10%, and n = 15.
Using the formula for an ordinary annuity (payments made at the end of each period), we get:
FV = $5,000 x ((1 + 0.10)^15 - 1) / 0.10
FV = $5,000 x (4.046 - 1) / 0.10
FV = $5,000 x 30.46
FV = $152,300
Therefore, the future value of the annuity is $152,300.
Now, to calculate the future value of an annuity due (payments made at the beginning of each period), we can use a slightly different formula:
FV = Pmt x ((1 + r)^n - 1) / r x (1 + r)
Where the additional (1 + r) term accounts for the fact that the first payment is made at the beginning of the period.
Using this formula, we get:
FV = $5,000 x ((1 + 0.10)^15 - 1) / 0.10 x (1 + 0.10)
FV = $5,000 x (4.046 - 1) / 0.10 x 1.10
FV = $5,000 x 30.46 x 1.10
FV = $167,260
Therefore, the future value of the annuity due is $167,260.
Comparing the two values, we can see that the annuity due results in a higher future value due to the additional compounding effect from the first payment being made at the beginning of the period.
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a(n) _________ contains 100 or fewer stockholders and can elect to be treated as a partnership for tax purposes. the stockholders have limited liability.
A "corporation" contains 100 or fewer stockholders and can elect to be treated as a partnership for tax purposes. The stockholders have limited liability.
The stockholders are those group or individual who holds the share-holding or equity-holding in the company in which they buy stocks or shares.
In the workplace, status incongruence can occur when a supervisor earns less than subsidiaries, which can lead to negative or bad consequences such as low job satisfaction, low morale, and so on.
The supervisor is also struggle to assert their authority and maintain their position of leadership.
Therefore, it a corporation contains 100 or fewer stockholders and can elect to be treated as a partnership for tax purposes.
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a business structure that combines the tax benefits of a limited partnership but is similar to a corporation in that is publicly traded on a security exchange is known as a
The business structure that you are referring to is known as a Master Limited Partnership (MLP).
An MLP is a type of partnership that combines the tax benefits of a limited partnership with the liquidity and access to capital of a publicly traded corporation. This structure is commonly used in the energy, natural resources, and real estate industries, where companies require significant capital investments to finance their operations.
In an MLP, the general partner manages the partnership and is responsible for making all business decisions. The limited partners provide capital and have limited liability for the partnership's debts and obligations. The limited partners also receive a share of the partnership's income and tax benefits, which can include deductions for depreciation and depletion.
One of the key advantages of an MLP is that it can be publicly traded on a securities exchange, allowing investors to buy and sell units in the partnership.
This provides investors with liquidity and the ability to diversify their portfolios. Additionally, MLPs are not subject to federal income tax at the entity level, which can result in significant tax savings for the partnership and its investors.
Overall, the MLP structure is an attractive option for companies that require access to capital and want to take advantage of the tax benefits of a partnership while remaining publicly traded.
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