cell are basic unit of life
To successfully achieve photosynthesis in animals or humans, modifications must be made to their cells, tissues, or organs involved in energy production and metabolic processes. One approach that has been proposed involves genetically modifying chloroplasts (organelles responsible for photosynthesis in plants) to enable them to function in animal or human cells.
What is the significance of chloroplast?Chloroplasts are found in the leaves of plants and are responsible for converting light energy into chemical energy via photosynthesis. However, they are also found in other plant tissues, such as stems and roots, which play a role in energy production and storage.
What are muscle cells responsible for?Muscle cells are responsible for movement and require significant energy to function. If modified to include chloroplasts, muscle cells could produce energy via photosynthesis, reducing reliance on other energy sources such as glucose.
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which question about the whale sharks is nonscientific?
Answer:
Does a whale shark like having a large mouth?
Explanation:
WHAT IS YOUR RESTING HEART RATE?.........
WHAT IS 60% OF YOUR MHR?
WHAT IS 85% OF YOUR MHR?
WHAT IS 95% OF YOUR MHR?
WHAT IS 100% OF YOUR MHR?
Answer:
I don't think it 60 or 100 it's either 95-85 I say 85
Which cell structures are seen in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
Answer:
Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have structures such as cell membranes, cytoplasm, and ribosomes. However, there are some differences in the structure and organization of these organelles between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
In prokaryotic cells, the genetic material is not enclosed in a membrane-bound nucleus, but instead exists as a single circular chromosome in the cytoplasm. Eukaryotic cells have a true nucleus that houses the DNA, as well as additional membrane-bound organelles such as mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, and lysosomes.
Prokaryotic cells also typically have a cell wall made of peptidoglycan, which is not found in animal cells. Plant cells have a cell wall as well, but it is made of cellulose. Eukaryotic cells may also have specialized structures such as chloroplasts (in plant cells) and cilia or flagella for movement.
Explanation:
A population of budgies has 74 individuals who are blue in color and
398 individuals who express the dominant green color. What is the dominant allele frequency for this population? How many individuals are homozygous dominant? how many individuals are hybrid?
The dominant allele frequency in this population is 0.843.
In this population of budgies, the dominant allele frequency is approximately 0.718, there are 243 individuals who are homozygous
StepsAssuming that the blue color in budgies is due to a recessive allele, and the green color is due to a dominant allele:
To find the dominant allele frequency, we can use the formula:
allele frequency = (number of copies of the dominant allele) / (total number of alleles)
In this case, the total number of alleles is:
total alleles = (number of blue individuals * 2) + (number of green individuals * 2)
= (74 * 2) + (398 * 2)
= 944
The number of copies of the dominant allele is:
copies of dominant allele = (number of green individuals * 2)
= (398 * 2)
= 796
Therefore, the dominant allele frequency is:
allele frequency = (copies of dominant allele) / (total alleles)
= 796 / 944
= 0.843
So the dominant allele frequency in this population is 0.843.
To find the number of individuals who are homozygous dominant, we can use the equation:
p^2 * total population = number of homozygous dominant individuals
p^2 * 472 = 0.718^2 * 472 ≈ 243 individuals
To find the number of individuals who are heterozygous (hybrid), we can use the equation:
2pq * total population = number of heterozygous individuals
2pq * 472 = 2 * 0.718 * 0.282 * 472 ≈ 201 individuals
Therefore, in this population of budgies, the dominant allele frequency is approximately 0.718, there are 243 individuals who are homozygous dominant, and there are 201 individuals who are heterozygous.
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The graph shows how the rate of an enzyme-controlled reaction changes with temperature. What describes
the shape of the graph within the temperature range marked X?
Select one:
A. The rate of reaction reaches a
maximum.
B. The rate of reaction decreases.
C. The reaction is occurring at the optimum temperature.
D.The rate of reaction increases then decreases.
The pace of reaction rises with increasing temperature. Its kinetic energy of the substrate and enzyme molecules both rises as the temperature rises. They move more swiftly.
Correct option is, D.
How might you sum it up a graph's reaction time?You can calculate the rate of a reaction by plotting a graph of the volume or mass of the generated product against time. On the graph, this is shown for two responses. The gradient of the a line directly affects the reaction time; the higher the gradient, the longer the reaction time.
What impact do temperature changes have on an enzyme-controlled reaction?Temperature changes often have the opposite impact on a reaction's speed. Nevertheless, extremely high temperatures may denature an enzyme, which results in it losing its shape and stopping to operate. There is a recommended pH range for each enzyme. The activity of enzymes will be capped by pH changes outside of this range.
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#1 Specify the forces involved in creating ocean tides.
#2 Two students are talking about what causes the tides.
Student A says that the tide comes in and goes out based on differences in the height of the sea level.
Student B says that the changing tides are caused by Earth rotating into and out of the tidal bulges.
Write and explanation of the tides by student A and Student B. Which explanation is more technically correct? Explain your reasoning.
High and low tides are primarily caused by the gravitational pull of the moon on the Earth and the rotating force of the Earth. The gravitational attraction of the sun and moon to the earth is what causes tides.
What is stronger, a force and gravitational pull?In mechanics, the force of attraction that acts on all matter is known as gravity, also known as gravitation. It has no impact on identifying the interior properties of common stuff because it is the weakest force known to exist in nature.
In basic terms, what is gravitational?Two masses are drawn toward one another by the gravitational force. No matter how absurd it may seem, every subatomic particle of energy in the cosmos attracts every other particle through gravity.
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2. Fossils can not be found everywhere.
A. What are the two best environments to look for fossils? (2 points)
B. What characteristics make these environments well suited for fossil formation? (4 points)
Answer:
A. The two best environments to look for fossils are sedimentary rock and areas with volcanic ash deposits.
B. Sedimentary rocks are well-suited for fossil formation because they form in layers, which can preserve fossils over time. Sediments from rivers, lakes, and oceans can quickly cover and protect a dead organism, preventing it from decaying or being destroyed by scavengers. Volcanic ash deposits are also well-suited for fossil formation because they can quickly cover and preserve organisms, creating a snapshot of life at a particular moment in time. Ash deposits can also provide a protective layer that prevents the organism from being exposed to scavengers and decay.
Explanation:
Answer:
The two best environments to look for fossils are deserts, beaches and other places that has a sandy environment. This is mostly known as sedimentary rock. What makes these environments well suited for fossils is because the tiny bits of rock/ sand, joins together over millions of years creating sedimentary rock. Plants or use to be alive animals get compressed, between the sedimentary rock, turning into a fossil. The sedimentary rock is well suited for fossil formation because its less likely the process will be tampered or touched.
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I really need help for homework Biology 102 ASAP!!!!
Unit 5: Questions 1 and 2
Epidermis.
The uppermost skin layer
Contain sensory receptor.
Contains melanocyte responsible for skin color.
Composed of stratified squamous epithelium
Dermis
Contains flexible collagen and elastic fiber
synthesis Vitamin D
maintains normal skin tension.
Subcutaneous layer
contains connective tissues
contains loose connective issue and adipose tissue
Technically not a skin layer.
SkinThe skin is the body's largest organ, made of water, protein, fats and minerals. It is the part of the body that covers the external structures of the body. It is divided into,
Epidermis outer layer
Dermis middle layer
Subcuteanous layer. inner layer
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Cursed topography is found in very specific areas. A. What type of rock is usually present in the areas with a lot of caves? B. What reactions with water lead to the formation of these caves?
Answer:
Limestone are the most common carbonate Solution Weathering rocks that form solution caves.Solution Weathering Rainwater picks up carbon dioxide from the air, and it percolates through the soil.Explanation: Limestone is a sedimentary rock composed principally of calcium carbonate (calcite) or the double carbonate of calcium and magnesium (dolomite) Solution weathering is the process by which certain minerals are dissolved by acidic solutions. dissolution of limestone. Rainwater picks up carbon dioxide from the air and as it percolates through the soil,Answer:
A. Limestone (Found in Solution Caves)
B. Solution Weathering (Form of Chemical Weathering)
Explanation:
They were sculpted by solution weathering, which occurs when water seeps into fractures in the limestone and gradually enlarges them, during the creation of limestone caves. The majority of limestone caves in Britain originated in this way. As carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and the soil dissolves in rainwater, it turns acidic and can erode rock to create cave systems.
The breakdown of limestone results in the formation of caves. Rainfall absorbs carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, which weakens into an acid when it percolates into the soil. As a result, certain of the cracks, bedding planes, and joints in the limestone steadily grow to the point where they form caves.
What is the effect of molecule size on a molecules ability to diffuse across a semipermeable membrane
Answer:
The size of a molecule can significantly affect its ability to diffuse across a semipermeable membrane. Smaller molecules are generally able to diffuse more easily than larger molecules. This is because smaller molecules have less mass and can move more quickly, which allows them to pass through the tiny openings in the membrane more easily. In contrast, larger molecules are often too big to pass through the membrane and may require specialized transport mechanisms. Additionally, even if a larger molecule is able to pass through the membrane, it may do so more slowly due to its larger size and slower movement.
Explanation:
Q2. Mention all types of secretion of stomach؟
Answer: The stomach secretes water, electrolytes, hydrochloric acid, and glycoproteins, including mucin, intrinsic factor, and enzymes (Fig. 24.3). Gastric motility and secretion are regulated by neural and humoral mechanisms.
Explanation: The gastric mucosa secretes 1.2 to 1.5 liters of gastric juice per day. Gastric juice renders food particles soluble, initiates digestion (particularly of proteins), and converts the gastric contents to a semiliquid mass called chyme, thus preparing it for further digestion in the small intestine.
An antibiotic is a type of medication that cures infectious diseases. Why does the word antibiotic suggest that these medications would be infectious against viruses?
Antibiotics have no effect on viral infections. This is due to the simplicity of viruses, which rely on their hosts' cells to carry out their functions. Antiviral medications therefore act differently from antibiotics since they interfere with the viral enzymes instead.
What is meant by viral enzymes?The viral enzyme known as integrase is responsible for integrating virally generated DNA into the nucleus of the host cell to create a provirus that may then be triggered to produce viral proteins. In the case of multidrug resistance, the first integrase inhibitor licensed, raltegravir, is a helpful adjunct to therapy.The viral protease (PR), which transforms the immature virion into a mature virus through the cleavage of precursor polypeptides, and the reverse transcriptase (RT), which converts the single-stranded genomic RNA, are two of the three enzymes that the retroviral RNA genome encodes. Although many of the enzymes and auxiliary proteins found in viruses are not present or accessible in the infected cell, viruses typically have an external coating.To learn more about viral enzymes, refer to:
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I don’t get photosynthesis or cellular respiration, i have an assessment about them both tomorrow and need serious help and answering this one problem will help me a lot. Please I’m desperate. Cellular respiration and photosynthesis are processes that transfer energy and cycle matter. Explain how each process transfers energy, and how energy transfers from one form to another throughout the process. Then explain how each process cycles carbon for the Earth.
Answer:
How each process transfers energy:
This transfer happens in three different ways—by conduction within solids, by the flow of liquid or gas (convection), and by radiation, which can travel across space. Even when a system is isolated (such as Earth in space), energy is continually being transferred into and out of it by radiation.
how each process cycles carbon for the Earth:
Carbon moves from plants and animals to soils. When plants and animals die, their bodies, wood and leaves decays bringing the carbon into the ground. Some is buried and will become fossil fuels in millions and millions of years. Carbon moves from living things to the atmosphere.
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if you consume more protein than your body needs, what happens to the excess?
The body can't store protein, so once needs are met, any extra is used for energy or stored as fat. Excess calories from any source will be stored as fat in the body.
Extra protein intake also can lead to elevated blood lipids and heart disease because many high-protein foods you eat are high in total and saturated fat. Extra protein intake, which can tax the kidneys, poses an additional risk to people predisposed to kidney disease.
Use what you have learned about how ecosystems work to answer the questions below. 1. How are populations, species, communities, and ecosystems related? Answer in complete sentences below.
Answer:
Populations, species, communities, and ecosystems are all related components of the natural world. A population is a group of individuals of the same species living in the same area. Multiple populations of different species living in the same area form a community. An ecosystem is a community of living organisms and their physical and chemical environment, all functioning together as a unit.
Therefore, populations make up species, multiple species make up a community, and communities, along with their physical and chemical environment, make up an ecosystem. All of these components are interconnected and interdependent, as the interactions and relationships between individuals and species within a community affect the overall functioning and health of the ecosystem. For example, changes in population size or behavior of one species can have cascading effects on other species and the physical environment within an ecosystem.
Explanation:
3. Knowledge of the structure of Earth's interior allows scientists to develop the dynamo theory. A. What does the dynamo theory help explain? (2 points)
B. What is the composition of Earth's inner and outer core? (4 points)
C. How does the composition of the inner and outer core explain this theory? (2 points)
Answer:
A. The dynamo theory helps explain the generation of Earth's magnetic field.
B. The inner core of the Earth is believed to be primarily composed of solid iron, while the outer core is composed of liquid iron and nickel.
C. The composition of the inner and outer core is critical to the dynamo theory. The Earth's magnetic field is generated by the motion of molten iron in the outer core. As the molten iron moves, it creates electrical currents, which in turn generate a magnetic field. The solid iron in the inner core is believed to help stabilize the magnetic field by providing a fixed reference point for the motion of the molten iron in the outer core. Without this stable inner core, the magnetic field of the Earth would be much weaker and more variable over time.
Explanation:
if a plastic container at 1.0C and 750 mmhm is heated in a microwave oven to 80C what is the pressure inside the container?
Explanation:
To calculate the pressure inside the container, we can use the ideal gas law, which relates the pressure (P), volume (V), temperature (T), and number of moles (n) of a gas:
PV = nRT
where R is the gas constant. Assuming the container is a sealed system with a fixed amount of gas, the number of moles and volume will remain constant, so we can rearrange the equation to solve for the final pressure (P2):
P2 = (nRT2) / V
where T2 is the final temperature in Kelvin. To convert Celsius to Kelvin, we simply add 273.15.
First, let's convert the initial temperature and pressure to SI units (Kelvin and Pascals):
T1 = 1.0C + 273.15 = 274.15 K
P1 = 750 mmHg * 133.322 Pa/mmHg = 99991.5 Pa
Next, we'll convert the final temperature to Kelvin:
T2 = 80C + 273.15 = 353.15 K
We also need to know the volume of the container. If we assume it is a rigid container (i.e. the volume does not change), then we can cancel it out in the equation. Otherwise, we would need to know how the volume changes with temperature and pressure.
Assuming the volume is constant, we can plug in the values and solve for P2:
P2 = (nRT2) / V
= (nR(T1 + T2)) / V (since n, R, and V are constant)
= (P1(T1 + T2)) / T1 (since PV = nRT)
Plugging in the values:
P2 = (99991.5 Pa * (274.15 K + 353.15 K)) / 274.15 K
= 1.234 x 10^5 Pa
Therefore, the pressure inside the container at 80C is approximately 123.4 kPa.
Which immune response component is tailored for each different type of antigen or pathogen?
a. lymph node
b. T-cell
c. B-cell
d. neutrophils
Answer: c. B-cell
Explanation: B lymphocytes, also called B cells, create a type of protein called an antibody. These antibodies bind to pathogens or to foreign substances, such as toxins, to neutralize them. For example, an antibody can bind to a virus, which prevents it from entering a normal cell and causing infection.
What are the bones in the vertebral column?
Answer:
cervical spine (C1-C7)
thoracic spine (T1-T12)
Lumbar spine (L1-L5)
And the tail bone
Explanation:
Answer:
The vertebral column is made of 33 vertebrae organised into five regions as follows
Explanation:
7 cervical vertebrae in the neck region
12 thoracic vertebrae in the chest region
5 lumbar vertebrae in the back region
5 sacral vertebrae which are difficult to distinguish separately because they are fused together
4 similarly fused vertebrae making up the coccyx
on the Galapagos finches e sources you used for your research in the space below. If you used websites, include the title and URL of the website or article. If you used books or other print resources, note each source’s title, author, publisher, and date published
Galapagos finches are a group of 14 species of birds found on the Galapagos Islands in the Pacific Ocean. They are best known for their diversity in beak shape, which has been attributed to natural selection.
The finches have evolved over time to adapt to their environment, displaying a wide range of beak shapes, sizes, and feeding behaviors in order to access different food sources.
1. "Galapagos Finches: Evolution Through Natural Selection." National Geographic, National Geographic Society, www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/galapagos-finches-evolution-natural-selection/.
2. Grant, Peter R. Evolutionary Dynamics of a Natural Population: The Large Cactus Finch of the Galapagos. Princeton University Press, 2003.
3. Grant, Peter R., and B. Rosemary Grant. How and Why Species Multiply: The Radiation of Darwin's Finches. Princeton University Press, 2008.
4. "Galapagos Finches." Encyclopedia Britannica, Encyclopedia Britannica, Inc., www.britannica.com/animal/Galapagos-finch.
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Which statement describes competition within a population?
Several killer whales migrate to a new location.
Two male sea horses fight to win over a female.
Several elk travel together to find and share water.
Different kinds of garden plants take in water from the soil.
Answer:
different kinds of garden plants take in water from the soil
which renewable energy source causes greenhouse gasses deforestation and whose feul source cannot be grown year round?
A. geothermal
B. biomass
C. hydreoletric
D. wind
Answer:
B. biomass
Explanation:
Scientists are investigating which type of fertilizer is best. Which of the
following methods is most likely to produce a biased result?
A. Let the type of fertilizer be the only variable.
B. Hire a scientist that works for a fertilizer company.
OC. Use a team of scientists from different companies.
D. Set criteria for judging the effectiveness of the fertilizer.
Answer:
B. Hire a scientist that works for a fertilizer company.
Explanation:
The existence of extraterrestrial life may never be proven, but this idea will become more scientifically acceptable over time it-
A
alternative hypotheses are proposed and confirmed.
B hypotheses are made related to the ides.
C increasing scientific evidence supports the idea.
D
no one disputes this idea in a scientific forum.
The existence of extraterrestrial life may never be proven, but this idea will become more scientifically acceptable over time it- B hypotheses are made related to the ides
Why Does Extraterrestrial Life Not Always Appear Alien?"The fundamental line is that evolution is why creatures do what they do and are what they are," said Kershenbaum, a lecturer and director of studies in the natural sciences at the university's Girton College. He contends that evolution, like gravity, is a universal rule of nature, and that studies of plants and animals on Earth might thus tell us something important about prospective residents of places far beyond Earth.
We examine mechanisms when we research life on Earth as zoologists. We're investigating how life got to be the way it is.
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Submit a one-paragraph summary describing the topic you chose, your model, what it represents, how you made it, and the specific science involved. It is important that you are using science terminology and are accurate.
I just need you to explain the science involved with specific terminology for the diagram below. Like the processes below described in detail!
Plants absorb water (H2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2) from the soil and atmosphere during photosynthesis.
What are the types of photosynthesis?"Green plants and a few other species prepare their food through a process called photosynthesis, which involves the utilisation of water, carbon dioxide, and sunshine." Plants, algae, and some microorganisms employ the process of photosynthesis to transform light energy into chemical energy.
What are the three primary categories of photosynthesis?The C3, C4, and CAM pathways are the three basic categories of photosynthetic pathways. They all use the Calvin cycle to convert CO2 into sugars, but each pathway does so in a somewhat different way.
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Hey! Question on my Charles Darwin online study, not a test :)
In the water cycle, energy from what causes water to evaporate from plants, oceans, and land?
Water in lakes, streams, and oceans evaporates due to solar heat. Water vapour forms in our atmosphere as liquid water on Earth's surface evaporates.
Other sources of atmospheric water include plants and trees. Transpiration describes this. All water moves about Earth in changing phases according to a cycle that is called the water cycle. Water exists on Earth in the solid, liquid, and gaseous forms of matter. Oceans, rivers, lakes, as well as the subsurface, all contain liquid water. Snow, glaciers, the North and South Poles, and solid ice can all be found. In the atmosphere of the Earth, there is a gas called water vapour. Given that water is essential for all life, we are interested in the water cycle.
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7. What is the role of a gene switch in protein
production?
A. It regulates the location, timing, and extent of
protein production.
B. It gives instruction for how a protein is
produced.
C. It can add, break, or modify a protein during its
production.
D. It has little to no effect on protein production.
Answer:
A. It regulates the location, timing, and extent of protein production. A gene switch is a segment of DNA that controls the expression of a gene, determining when and where a protein is produced in the body. It acts as a regulatory switch that can turn genes on or off, depending on signals received from the environment or other cellular processes. Gene switches are critical for proper protein production and cellular function.
Explanation:
7. Explain why complementary base pairing is necessary to maintain the double helix shape of
the DNA molecule.
Answer:
it allows the base pairs to be arranged in the most energetically favourable way
Explanation:
it allows the base pairs to be arranged in the most energetically favourable way
Considering the steps of meiosis, identify the correct number of chromosomes present at the beginning of meiosis I, interkinesis, and in the daughter cells at the end of meiosis II.
92, 46, 23
92, 46, 46
46, 23, 12
46, 92, 23