Environmental scientists are often interested in evaluating both species richness and species evenness, so they have come up with miles
species diversity that take both measures into account. One commonly used index is Shannon's index of biodiversity. To calculate this index,
we must know the total number of species in the community (s) and, for each species, the proportion of the individuals in the community that
represents that species (p). Once we have the information, we can calculate Shannon's index of diversity (H) by taking the product of each
proportion (0) and its natural log (In ()) and then summing these products, as indicated by the summation symbol (E):
H-- pin(p)
where
H = the Shannon index value
P, = the proportion of individuals found in the ith species
In = the natural logarithm
S = the number of species in the community
The minus sign makes the index a positive number. Higher values of Hindicate higher diversity
Note: the book uses "n" and the formula I found online uses "s" for the number of species in the community.
Imagine a community of 100 individuals that are evenly divided among four species, so that the proportions () of the species all equal 0.25.
We can calculate Shannon's index as follows:
• H = -((0.25 x In 0.25) + (0.25 x In 0.25) + (0.25 x In 0.25) + (0.25 x in 0.25)]
• H-[(-0.35)+(-0.35) + (-0.35) + (-0.35)]
• 1.40
Now imagine another community of 100 individuals that also contains four species, but in which one species is represented by 94 indiviudals
and the other three species are each represented by 2 indivudals. We can calculate Shannon's index to see how this difference in species
evenness affects the value of the index:
• H = -[(0.94 x in 0.94)+ (0.02 x In 0.02) + (0.02 x In 0.02) + (0.02 x in 0.02)]
• H=-[(-0.06) + (-0.08) + (-0.08) + (-0.08)]
• 0.30
Because this value of His lower than the value we calculated for the first community, we can conclude that the second community has lower
diversity. Note that the total number of indiiduals does not affect Shannon's index of diversity, only the the number of species and the
proportion of individual within each species matters.
Your Turn
Imagine a third community of 100 individual in which those indviduals are distributed evenly among all the species, but there are only two
species, not four. Calculate shannon's index to see how different in species richness affects the value of the index
Shannon's index.He
Kif the answer is less than tha Zero belongs in front of the decimall

Environmental Scientists Are Often Interested In Evaluating Both Species Richness And Species Evenness,

Answers

Answer 1
I’m not gonna go back to the earth environmental scientists disks but it will not work for the lion or the lion to be a little rat in the house or the lion to the index

Related Questions

How do genetics (genetic predisposition) and the environment work together to cause substance abuse in individuals? What is the likely role of epigenetics in this process?

Answers

Answer: I could be wrong but id say

Genetics is the study of genes. Genes are functional units of DNA that make up the human genome. They provide the information that directs a body's basic cellular activities. Research on the human genome has shown that, on average, the DNA sequences of any two people are 99.9 percent the same. However, that 0.1 percent variation is profoundly important. t accounts for three million differences in the nearly three billion base pairs of DNA sequence. These differences contribute to visible variations, like height and hair color, and invisible traits, such as increased risk for or protection from certain diseases such as heart attack, stroke, diabetes, and addiction. Genetics and lifestyle factors—such as diet, physical activity, and stress—affect high blood pressure risk. NIDA research has led to discoveries about how a person's surroundings affect drug use in particular. For example, a community that provides healthy after-school activities has been shown to reduce vulnerability to drug addiction, and data show that access to exercise can discourage drug-seeking behavior, an effect that is more pronounced in males than in females.

Answer the following in several complete sentences:

How do external cues, internal emotions, and order of appearance influence memory retrieval?​

Answers

Answer:

External cues activate associations that help us retrieve memories; this process may occur without our awareness, as it does in priming. Returning to the same physical context or emotional state (mood congruency) in which we formed a memory can help us retrieve it. The serial position effect accounts for our tendency to recall best the last items (which may still be in working memory) and the first items (which we've spent more time rehearsing) in a list.

Explanation:

i took the test?

The three ways that information can be retrieved from your long-term memory storage system are recall, recognition, and relearning.

What is the difference between external cues, internal emotions, and order of appearance that influences memory retrieval?​

External cues elicit feelings and memories because they are similar to past events or things we have seen.

Typically, exterior stimuli and experiences serve as triggers for internal emotions. An external event (such as the unexpected loss of a loved one) will be more deeply etched in memory if it has a significant emotional component.

In all other respects being equal, the hippocampus stores short-term memories in the cortex, where they are stored for a longer period, and preserves memories in a sequential order of appearance. Thus, we frequently remember things in the same order.

Memory retrieval is generally prompted by external cues and other memories. It helps us make sense of and respond to external events. It helps us think things through by connecting related memories.

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Which kind of kiss do many political figures in Europe practice, signifying goodwill?
A ceremonial kiss
B. social kiss
C. parent/child kissing
D. erotic kiss
Please select the best answer from the choices provided
Ο Ο Ο Ο
D
Next
Sumt

Answers

Answer:

A. a ceremonial kiss

Explanation:

edge 2020

Many political officials in Europe give each other ceremonial kisses as a gesture of friendship. Option A is correct.

What is the significance of the ceremonial kiss?

In the West, it is traditional for newlyweds to kiss each other after their wedding ceremony. According to some Christians, the couple's kiss represents the souls they exchange, fulfilling the prophecy that “the two shall become one flesh.”

The kiss represents the fulfillment of the biblical verse that repeats the events of Genesis and states, “And the two shall become one flesh” Whatever the reason for its longevity over time, we're rather happy that the ceremonial kiss has persisted.

In Europe, ceremonial kisses are frequently exchanged between political figures as a sign of friendship, this is the by way that the peoples enter into a friendship with each another.

Therefore, option A is correct.

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You are in a tug-of-war with some friends. You side is tugging with 521 N to the left. The other side is tugging with 550 N to the right. What is the net force on the rope? (Assume right is positive, left is negative).

Answers

Answer:

Forget the net force man, just throw salt on the other opponents' eyes to beat them. Easy

Explanation:

Dude, be real for a second, during a tug war, you wouldnt think of N pressure and stuff, ok? Just throw salt in the opponents' eyes, assuming you are currently in a tug war. And If my previous hypothesis was correct, the fudge are you doing on brainly?

Please help!! I'll give 15 points and brainliest!!

Answers

Answer:

I am pretty sure it's the first option.

based on details provided in the text, which of the following is most likely the setting for the passage ?

Answers

Answer:

attach the passage

Explanation:

can someone write a 2-3 page journal on being the oldest child, or just give me some ideas? thanks!

Answers

Answer:

me no entender waka waka

What do you regret most in your life?​

Answers

Dating lol people suck sometimes
I don’t regret anything

A small tribe that lives near the artic circle has a strong bond with white foxes. The tribe doesn’t interact with the foxes but in many of their drawings, stories, and songs the fox is a central figure. The fox seems to represent strength and intelligence. This is an example of

Answers

Answer:

The arctic fox is a species of fox that lives in the most northern regions of the world. They survive in the tundra and thrive in cold climates through biological adaptations and scavenger-like behavior that keeps them alive and well.

Explanation:

hope this will help you:)

What best explains the relationship between a borrower’s credit score and a down payment requirement? Someone with a high credit score may be required to make a higher down payment. Someone with a high credit score may be required to make a lower down payment. Someone with a low credit score may be required to make a lower down payment. Someone with a low credit score may not have to make a down payment.

Answers

Answer: B: Someone with a high credit score may be required to make a lower down payment

Explanation:

Answer: Someone with a high credit score may be required to make a lower down payment

Explanation: Edge 2020

What if you have an annoying brother but what if he is so mean to a teacher hwta do you do

Answers

Answer:

tell him to stop

Explanation:but me i would do nothing

What adaptation would you expect organisms to have in streams?
A)
ability to thrive in low pH
B)
transparent eyelids
C)
ability to survive in high salinity conditions
D)
holding mechanisms

Answers

Answer:

D)

holding mechanisms

Explanation:

Organisms need to have some kind of adaptation so they don't get swept away. Sea otters will wrap themselves in weeds in the bottom of a river to anchor themselves.

Answer:

D.) holding mechanisms

Explanation:

got it right on edge

Alejandra has come across a section in her physics textbook detailing the affect of wing span on an airplane’s cruising speed. How should she adjust her reading speed? a. Increase her reading speed because she will probably need to review it again later c. Decrease her speed to better understand the technical information b. Increase her speed and focus on the visual aids d. Decrease her speed and try to memorize the vocabulary as she reads i

Answers

Answer:

c

Explanation:

Alejandra has come across a section in her physics textbook detailing the affect of wing span on an airplane’s cruising speed. Decrease her speed to better understand the technical information. Thus, option C is correct.

What is technical information?

Decrease her speed to better understand the technical information. To understand technical information, such as that found in a math or science textbook, extra time is required to make sense of how the technical information applies in a real world context.

As we know that decrease her speed and try to memorize the vocabulary as she reads it In learning a complicated topic (such as physics), it's reccomended to slowed down your reading process in order to increase your focus and analyzation capabilities. This will make Alejandra has a deeper grasp toward the topics.

Alejandra should adjust her reading speed in the following way: She should decrease her speed to better understand the technical information. If Alejandra has no knowledge on the affect of wing span on an airplane's cruising speed.

Therefore, Alejandra has come across a section in her physics textbook detailing the affect of wing span on an airplane’s cruising speed. Decrease her speed to better understand the technical information. Thus, option C is correct.

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A school of fish would be an example of
what type of population distribution?

Answers

Shoaling and schooling
I think so

The measure of the average number of children who are born to women
of childbearing age in the population is called the

Answers

Answer:

The fertility rate measures the number of births per 1,000 women of childbearing age (ages 15 to 44) occurring in a particular year; birth rates refer to this measure within particular age groups.

Explanation:

The measure of the average number of children who are born to women of childbearing age in the population is called the fertility rate.

What is the population?

The population is the portion that can be characterized as the total number of people residing in a given area or nation. These individuals are those who are mortal or alive.

The number of births to women of a certain range throughout the year expressed as a percentage of the average yearly headcount of women of such an age is known as the fertility rate of a  certain age.

At a certain age the women's fertility rate is the highest and after that age has passed the rate of fertility is reduced. The number of birth per year with respect to the women of the fertility age is important to determine it.

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NEED THIS ASAP!!!!
What does Frank do for Mrs. Finucane?

Answers

Answer:

Give a Fincidoodle :)

Explanation:

Frank gives a Fincidoodle

Why is water necessary for our body??

Answers

Your body uses water in all its cells, organs, and tissues to help regulate temperature and maintain other bodily functions. Because your body loses water through breathing, sweating, and digestion, it's important to rehydrate by drinking fluids and eating foods that contain water.

Explanation:

water carries nutrients to all parts of our cells in our body and oxygen to the brain .water allows the body to absorb and assimilate vitamin, minerals , amino acids etc . water flushes out wastes . water helps to regular body

An oak tree is planted when it was 375 centimeter tall. What is this height in meters?

Answers

Answer:

The height in meters is 3.75

Explanation:

375 divided by 100 is 3.75

another riddle IM GIVING BRAINLYEST

A boy was at a carnival and went to a booth where a man said to the boy, "If I write your exact weight on this piece of paper then you have to give me $50, but if I cannot, I will pay you $50." The boy looked around and saw no scale so he agrees, thinking no matter what the carny writes he'll just say he weighs more or less. In the end the boy ended up paying the man $50. How did the man win the bet?

Answers

Answer:

when he showed the boy the paper it said "your exact weight"

Explanation:

Answer:

because

Explanation:

When the boy was handed the paper it read your exact weigh

Which of the following best describes academic goals?
Group of answer choices

A Goals that describe the grades you hope to achieve in your high school courses

B Goals that relate to your education

C Goals that describe the highest level of education you plan to achieve

D Goals that identify your high school courses

Answers

Answer:

C cause d is not that smart

Why are cause and effect graphic organizers useful?
a.
Because they show relationships among events
c.
Because they tell us what will happen in the future
b.
Because they identify when time began
d.
All of these



Please select the best answer from the choices provided


A
B
C
D

Answers

Answer:

A. Because they show relationships among events is the answer

Explanation:

Because it's like Compare and Contrast like the Venn Diagram.

Answer:

A, Because they show relationships among events

Explanation:

Amanda is a doing a report for her earth science class about the four seasons. Which of the following would be an
effective scientific model to incorporate in her project?
A) A calendar indicating the first days of autumn, winter, spring, and summer
B) Four earth models, each with a different tilt to represent the earth's position relative to the sun,
lined up in order of season
C) A poster board with pictures of weather characteristic of the four seasons
D) A bar graph indicating average high and low temperatures for Amanda's area in the autumn,
winter, spring, and summer

Answers

D is the correct thing to do.

what was ernest hilgards contribution to psychology

Answers

Answer:

Ernest R. “Jack” Hilgard, the Stanford psychology professor who helped make hypnosis respectable as a medical tool and four decades ago led development of the Stanford Hypnotic Susceptibility Scale to standardize research practices, has died. He was 97.

Explanation:

Which of the following describes a major consequence of the ideas William H. Seward promotes in the passage from A History of Lawrence, Kansas?

A. The Kansas territorial government closed off the state from trade and interaction with the United States.
B. The Supreme Court was forced to intervene in Kansas to reaffirm the constitutionality of slavery.
C. Abolitionists succeeded in banning slavery in Kansas despite its extensive popular support.
D. Supporters and opponents of slavery engaged in widespread violence to influence Kansas's political future.

Answers

Answer:

D. Supporters and opponents of slavery engaged in widespread violence to influence Kansas's political future.

Explanation:

Answer:

D. Supporters and opponents of slavery engaged in widespread violence to influence Kansas's political future.

Explanation:

I took the quiz.

any help on this frq

Answers

There is no photo or anything attached please try again and I will try to help you :)

URGENT PLEASE HELP!!!

6. Which of the following frequencies of light has the highest energy?

Possible answers:
A. 1.4 x 10^15 s^-1
B. 2.5 x 10^10 s^-1
C. 7.0 x 10^13 s^-1
D. 2.3 x 10^14 s^-1
E. 5.0 x 10^14 s^-1

Answers

Answer:

C 7.0*10^13 s^-1

Explanation:

The frequency of light that has the highest energy is; Option A; 1.4 × 10^(15) s^(-1)

Formula for energy of light is;

E = hν = hc/λ,

where;

E is energy

h is Planck's constant

ν is frequency

c is speed of light

λ is wavelength

Now, since E = hν, we can see that the energy is directly proportional to the frequency as h is constant.

Thus, the highest frequency will produce the highest energy.

From our options, the highest frequency is option A with 1.4 × 10^(15) /s

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in the following examples who is functioning as a consumer

Answers

Can you give us the animals? I don’t understand. Srry

An eighth-grade teacher has asked you to present information to her students about how watching television can affect adolescents’ academics and behavior. What important information should you share with this audience?

Write an essay that will serve as the basis for the speech you will deliver to the students.

Answers

Depending on the research you find, it could vary. Explain to them that while watching TV is not an "evil" thing, it can have some affects in the youth. Tell them how it can affect the behavior with friends, family and other people whom are around them. In addition you could even as far as mentioning academic success and failure.

Watching television can significantly influence the academics and behavior of adolescents. This action typically affects the academic performance of adolescents.

What is an Essay?

An essay may be defined as a piece of writing that gives the author's own argument, but the definition is vague, overlapping with those of a letter, a paper, an article, a pamphlet, and a short story.

The possible negative health effects of television viewing on children and adolescents are violent or aggressive behavior by watching violent films, increase sexual activity, increase weight, and poor body image. Watching more television waste time as well as lowers school performance.

The adolescents stay away from physical activities such as sports and outdoor games. While watching TV is not an "evil" thing, it can have some effects on the youth. It can affect behavior with friends, family, and other people who are around you.

In addition, it could even go as far as affecting academic success and failure. It can also interfere with time the adolescents could be used to study or spend time outdoors. It also could show images that would not be appropriate for an adolescent to view. Overall, while television is not evil, and can be an entertaining pastime, it can affect adolescents negatively.

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in the following poem by gregory pardlo (published in 2007), the speaker describes watching children playing double dutch—a version of jumping rope in which two ropes are turned in opposite directions. read the poem carefully. write a paragraph in which you make a defensible claim regarding how pardlo uses simile and met

Answers

Incomplete question. Here's the remaining part of the question and the poem:

In the following poem by Gregory Pardlo (published in 2007), the speaker describes watching children  playing double Dutch-a version of jumping rope in which two ropes are turned in opposite directions.

Read the poem carefully. Write a paragraph in which you make a defensible claim regarding how Pardlo uses simile and metaphor to convey a complex image of the girls. In your paragraph, you should  incorporate at least one piece of evidence from the text to support your claim .

"The girls turning double-dutch

bob & amp; weave like boxers pulling

punches, shadowing each other,

sparring across the slack cord

casting parabolas in the air. They

whip quick as an infant's pulse

and the jumper, before she

enters the winking, nods in time

as if she has a notion to share,

waiting her chance to speak. But she's

anticipating the upbeat

like a bandleader counting off

the tune they are about to swing into.

The jumper stair-steps into mid-air

as if she's jumping rope in low-gravity,

training for a lunar mission. Airborne a moment

long enough to fit a second thought in,

she looks caught in the mouth bones of a fish

as she flutter-floats into motion

like a figure in a stack of time-lapse photos

thumbed alive. Once inside,

the bells tied to her shoestrings rouse the gods

who've lain in the dust since the Dutch

acquired Manhattan. How she dances

patterns like a dust-heavy bee retracing

its travels in scale before the hive. How

the whole stunning contraption of girl and rope

slaps and scoops like a paddle boat.

Her misted skin arranges the light

with each adjustment and flex. Now heather-

hued, now sheen, light listing on the fulcrum

of a wrist and the bare jutted joints of elbow

and knee, and the faceted surfaces of muscle,

surfaces fracturing and reforming

like a sun-tickled sleeve of running water.

She makes jewelry of herself and garlands

the ground with shadows."

Explanation:

Remember, a simile refers to a literary device that employs the use of comparisons of one thing or subject with another thing of a different kind using such as, "like" or "as".

While a metaphor refers to a literary device unlike a simile, makes comparisons between two things that are not exactly alike but do have something in common usually in a figurative sense.

For example, we notice the author's use of simile when he said,

"The girls turning double-dutch

bob & amp; weave like boxers pulling

punches,"

Here he compares the girl's physical activity of "turning jumping ropes" to literal "boxers pulling punches", making such seemingly simple/less strenuous activity look complex.

If the measure of ∠FJH = 168º, what is the measure of ∠FJG

guys is geometry

Answers

5173884883882994995984839

Answer:

105

Explanation:

i think

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