1(a). The advice would be: Under Circular 230, CPAs are required to meet the "reasonable basis" standard, while from an accounting standard the client must have sufficient evidence to support the deduction, and from a practical standpoint it is important to advise the client of the risks associated with taking the deduction.
Under Circular 230, CPAs are required to meet the "reasonable basis" standard when it comes to advising clients on tax issues. This means that a CPA must have a reasonable basis for any advice given, including a deduction for reducing the client's taxable income.
From an accounting standard, the client must have sufficient evidence to support the deduction. This includes receipts, invoices, contracts, and other documents that prove the validity of the deduction.
From a practical standpoint, it is important to advise the client of the risks associated with taking the deduction. While there is an approximate 20-25% chance of success, there is also a 75-80% chance of being denied the deduction. Depending on the consequences of a potential audit, it may be beneficial to the client to pay the higher tax liability of $75,000 in order to avoid a potential audit.
Ultimately, the decision to take the deduction rests with the client, but they must be advised of the risks associated with it.
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Keon Kenan works for his parents’ construction company in Fort McMurray. Most recently, they asked him to explore the implications of a supplier being late with some lumber for a house they were building. While the price of lumber can go up very quickly, the lateness of the delivery meant that subsequent elements of the project would be delayed. Kenan’s parents were concerned that the delays could potentially affect the start of the company’s next project.
a. Is the late delivery of the lumber an example of a breach of contract by the supplier?
b. Keon’s parents are expecting information on the options available to them at this point. What should Keon say?
a. The late delivery of the lumber may be considered a breach of contract by the supplier if there was a specific delivery date agreed upon in the contract. b. Keon should inform his parents of the options available to them in the event of a breach of contract.
A)If the supplier failed to meet this agreed upon date, then they may be in breach of contract. However, if there was no specific delivery date mentioned in the contract, then the late delivery may not be considered a breach of contract.
B)One option could be to negotiate with the supplier for a discount on the lumber due to the delay. Another option could be to seek damages from the supplier for any losses incurred as a result of the late delivery, such as additional labor costs or penalties for not completing the project on time. Keon should also consider the possibility of finding a new supplier for future projects if the current supplier continues to have issues with timely delivery.
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This week we discussed 5 key questions to ask to help manage stakeholder relationships.Choose a company with which you are familiar. This can either be a place in which you haveworked or have access to information via the internet.Answer the 5 key questions of stakeholder analysis from the perspective of the company. Insome cases there can be hundreds of stakeholders so for the sake of brevity, limit your analysis toonly major stakeholders.
I choose Amazon, and here are the answers to the five key questions of stakeholder analysis from the perspective of the company:
Who are the stakeholders? Amazon's stakeholders include customers, shareholders, employees, suppliers, regulators, and local communities where it operates.
What are the stakeholders' interests and concerns? Customers want reliable and timely deliveries, a wide variety of products, and competitive pricing. Shareholders want to see the company's profits and stock price increase. Employees want fair compensation, benefits, and a safe work environment.
Suppliers want timely payments and clear communication. Regulators want the company to comply with laws and regulations, particularly in areas such as data privacy and antitrust. Local communities want the company to be a responsible corporate citizen, including addressing issues such as carbon emissions and labor practices.
How much power do they have? Customers have moderate power, as they have many options for online shopping. Shareholders have significant power, as they have invested money in the company. Employees have limited power, as they can be replaced by other workers.
Suppliers have moderate power, as they can choose to do business with other companies. Regulators have significant power, as they can impose fines and other penalties. Local communities have limited power, as they do not directly impact Amazon's bottom line.
How is the company addressing their interests and concerns? Amazon is addressing customers' interests and concerns by offering fast and reliable deliveries, a wide variety of products, and competitive pricing. The company is addressing shareholders' interests by consistently increasing profits and stock price.
Amazon is addressing employees' interests and concerns by offering competitive compensation and benefits packages, as well as implementing safety measures in the workplace. The company is addressing suppliers' interests and concerns by establishing clear communication and paying them in a timely manner.
Amazon is addressing regulatory concerns by complying with laws and regulations, and investing in compliance measures. The company is addressing local communities' concerns by investing in sustainability initiatives and creating jobs.
What challenges does the company face in managing stakeholder relationships? Amazon faces challenges in managing stakeholder relationships, such as addressing concerns around worker treatment and privacy concerns related to its use of data.
Additionally, the company faces challenges in maintaining positive relationships with regulators, particularly in areas such as antitrust and taxation. Lastly, Amazon faces challenges in balancing the interests of its various stakeholders, particularly when they conflict with one another.
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Refer to Problem 6. Suppose that the management of Theme Park, Inc., has decided that there is a .35 probability that the motel's application will be approved. a. If management uses maximum expected monetary value as the decision criterion, which alternative should it choose? b. Represent this problem in the form of a decision tree. c. If management has been offered the option of a temporary lease while the town planning board considers the motel's application, would you advise management to sign the lease? The lease will cost $24,000.
If management uses maximum expected monetary value as the decision criterion, they should go for the 1,500 motel room with expected monetary value of $550,000 ($500,000+$50,000).
To determine whether the management should sign the lease or not, the Expected monetary value (EMV) should be determined. EMV of lease = ($24000 × 0.35) - ($24000 × 0.65) = -$6,000.
Since the EMV of the lease is negative, it means that the management should not sign the lease while the town planning board considers the motel's application. Therefore, it is advised that the management should not sign the lease while the town planning board considers the motel's application.
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listed below are year-end account balances ($ in millions) taken from the records of symphony stores. debit credit accounts receivable $ 676 building and equipment 927 cash 52 interest receivable 49 inventory 35 land 157 notes receivable (long-term) 471 prepaid rent 25 supplies 12 trademark 44 accounts payable $ 570 accumulated depreciation 67 additional paid-in capital 468 dividends payable 26 common stock (at par) 17 income tax payable 52 notes payable (long-term) 897 retained earnings 318 deferred revenue 33 totals $ 2,448 $ 2,448 what would symphony report as total current assets? multiple choice $1,722 million $864 million $849 million $889 million
Symphony would report total current assets as $849 million. Therefore, the correct option is option 3.
A current asset is a company’s short-term asset. They are also referred to as working capital, and they are vital in providing cash flows to support a company’s operations. Current assets are categorized as assets that are expected to be sold or converted to cash in a year or less, and they are listed in order of liquidity. The most liquid assets come first, followed by those that are less liquid, and so on.
To find the total current assets, we need to sum up all the current assets from the given account balances. Current assets include:
1. Accounts receivable: $676 million
2. Cash: $52 million
3. Interest receivable: $49 million
4. Inventory: $35 million
5. Prepaid rent: $25 million
6. Supplies: $12 million
Now, we will add up these amounts:
Total current assets = $676 + $52 + $49 + $35 + $25 + $12 = $849 million
So, the total current assets for Symphony Stores are $849 million. Hence, option 3 is the correct answer.
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The letter S in the word INSURABLE stands for
The word INSURABLE is a term that is used in the insurance industry. The letter S in the word stands for Security, which is the main idea behind insurance policies.
The idea of security is what insurance firms rely on to safeguard their clients in the case of a loss.
Customers can feel confident in the knowledge that they are financially protected in the case of a tragedy or unforeseen incident thanks to the security offered by insurance plans.
Without the assurance that insurance plans offer to both individuals and businesses, many people would be unable to recover financially after a significant loss.
Security is symbolized by the letter S in the word "INSURABLE," which serves as a reminder of the value of insurance in preventing monetary losses.
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narchie sells a single product for $50. variable costs are 70% of the selling price, and the company has fixed costs that amount to $445,200. current sales total 22,500 units. if narchie sells 34,000 units, its safety margin will be:
Narchie safety margin will be 38.82% when variable cost is 70% of selling price and fixed cost is $445,200.
In order to calculate margin of safety, need to find break even sales.
Safety margin = (Sales - Break-even sales) / Sales
Calculation of break-even sales:
Break-even sales = Fixed costs / (Price per unit - Variable costs per unit)
Price per unit = $50
Variable costs = 70% of $50
Variable cost = 0.7 ×$50
Variable cost = $35
Variable costs per unit = $35
Fixed costs = $445,200
Break-even sales = $445,200 / ($50 - $35)
Break-even sales = $445,200 / $15
Break-even sales = 29,680 units
Calculation of safety margin: At 22,500 units of sales, the safety margin will be:
Safety margin = (22,500 - 29,680) / 22,500
Safety margin = -0.32 or -32%
At 34,000 units of sales, the safety margin will be:
Safety margin = (34,000 - 29,680) / 34,000
Safety margin = 0.1282 or 12.82%
Margin of safety is the amount by which actual volume of sales exceeds the break even point. Size of MOS indicates soundness of business. A large margin of safety shows low fixed cost. Margin of safety differ at different price level, on 22,500 it is - 32% means loss of sales and on 34.000 12.82% shows business can survive in economy.
Therefore, the safety margin will be 38.82%. Answer: 38.82%
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Nesthy Petecio Inc has provided the following data for the month of August. There were no beginning inventories; consequently, the direct materials, direct labor, and manufacturing overhead applied listed below are all for the current month. Manufacturing overhead for the month was overapplied by P5,000. The company allocates any underapplied or overapplied overhead among work in process, finished goods, and cost of goods sold at the end of the month on the basis of the ending balances in those accounts. Note: For interim calculations, use 5 decimal places; ROUND-UP final answer to a whole number. The WORK-IN-PROCESS sold for August after allocation of any underapplied or overapplied overhead for the month is closest to The FINISHED GOODS for August after allocation of any underapplied or overapplied overhead for the month is closest to The COST OF GOODS SOLD for August after allocation of any underapplied or overapplied overhead for the month is closest to P
The WORK-IN-PROCESS sold for August after allocation of any underapplied or overapplied overhead for the month is closest to P278,461. The FINISHED GOODS for August after allocation of any underapplied or overapplied overhead for the month is closest to P145,744. The COST OF GOODS SOLD for August after allocation of any underapplied or overapplied overhead for the month is closest to P172,727.
Nesthy Petecio Inc has provided the following data for the month of August. There were no beginning inventories; consequently, the direct materials, direct labor, and manufacturing overhead applied listed below are all for the current month. Manufacturing overhead for the month was overapplied by P5,000. The company allocates any underapplied or overapplied overhead among work in process, finished goods, and cost of goods sold at the end of the month on the basis of the ending balances in those accounts. Note: For interim calculations, use 5 decimal places; ROUND-UP final answer to a whole number.
Explanation:
Calculation for work in process (WIP):
WIP sold for August = (Total units produced - Ending WIP inventory) * Total cost per unit
Work-in-process ending balance = Direct material cost + Direct labor cost + Manufacturing overhead cost – Cost of goods manufactured (COGM)
WIP sold for August = (400 - 50) * ((P34,500 + P6,000 + P4,200)/400) = P278,461
Calculation for finished goods:
Finished goods ending balance = Cost of goods manufactured + Beginning finished goods inventory - Ending finished goods inventory
Finished goods ending balance = P140,400 + P28,200 - P25,800 = P142,800
Finished goods after allocation = P142,800 + P5,000/400 = P145,744
Calculation for cost of goods sold (COGS):
COGS = Beginning finished goods inventory + COGM - Ending finished goods inventory
COGM = Direct material cost + Direct labor cost + Manufacturing overhead cost = P34,500 + P6,000 + P4,200 = P44,700
COGS = P28,200 + P44,700 - P25,800 = P46,100
Cost of goods sold after allocation = P46,100 - P5,000/400 = P172,727
Therefore, the WORK-IN-PROCESS sold for August after allocation of any underapplied or overapplied overhead for the month is closest to P278,461. The FINISHED GOODS for August after allocation of any underapplied or overapplied overhead for the month is closest to P145,744. The COST OF GOODS SOLD for August after allocation of any underapplied or overapplied overhead for the month is closest to P172,727.
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The Beach Dude (BD) employs a legion of current and former surfers as salespeople who push its surfing-oriented products to various customers (usually retail outlets). This case describes BD’s sales and collection process.
Each BD salesperson works with a specific group of customers throughout the year. In fact, they often surf with their customers to try out the latest surf gear. The BD salespeople act laid-back, but they work hard for their sales. Each sale often involves hours of surfing with their customers while the customers sample all the latest surf wear. Because BD makes the best surfing products, the customers look forward to the visits from the BD salespeople. And they often buy a lot of gear. Each sale is identified by a unique invoice number and usually involves many different products. Customers pay for each sale in full within 30 days, but they can combine payments for multiple sales.
BD manages its clothing inventory by item (e.g., XL BD surfer logo T-shirts), identified by product number, but it also classifies the items by clothing line (the lines are differentiated by price points as well as the intended use of the clothing, e.g., surfing products, casual wear, etc.).
Draw a UML class diagram that describes the Beach Dude’s sales and collection process. Then, use your diagram to answer the following questions about this diagram.
А
1..1
F
1
5
8
Sales
11
12
6
2
B
3
7
0
14
13
0..*
D
Employees
10
4
15
С
16
E
a. Use the list of potential class names listed below. Identify the appropriate class name for each letter, A through F, in the diagram above. Enter the number of the class name next to the letter below.
Potential class names:
Accounts Receivable
Beach Dude Products
Cash
Cash Receipts
Clothing Lines
Customers
Customer Orders
Customer Returns
Sales
Not a class in this Beach Dude diagram
Enter the number of the class name next to the correct letter:
Class Name #
A.
B.
C
D.
E.
F.
b. Use the list of potential multiplicities listed below to identify the multiplicities that should replace the numbers, 1 to 16, on the diagram.
Potential multiplicities:
0..0
0..1
1..1
0..*
1..*
*..*
Not an association for the Beach Dude diagram so no multiplicity required
Enter the number of the correct multiplicity for each number on the diagram here.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
Show transcribed image text
The minimum multiplicities between BD Products and Clothing Line are set to 0 by default since it can be assumed that product items and clothing lines are defined before the links are defined.
Why are they set to zero by default?The minimum multiplicities between Employees and Customers are set to 0 since some employees may not work with customers, and some customers may not have an assigned salesperson, yet. The student may make alternate assumptions but should document those assumptions.
The relational table needed to be framed to describe the UML diagram, where PK is Primary Key, can be made as follows: (see attached image)
One way to determine the accounts receivable balances for each customer:
1. Use the Customers and Sales tables. Sum the Invoice Total from Sales and Group By Customer #.
2. Use the Customers and Cash receipts tables. Sum the Cash receipt amount and Group By Customer #.
3. Use the two queries outlined above. Join them by Customer #. Compute the difference between the Sum of the Sales Amount and the Sum of the Cash receipt amount to determine each Customer’s accounts receivable.
UML Class Diagram is shown below:
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the principle that more will be offered for sale at higher prices than at lower prices.
The principle that more will be offered for sale at higher prices than at lower prices is the law of supply.
This law states that when the price of a good or service increases, the quantity supplied will also increase. On the other hand, when the price of a good or service decreases, the quantity supplied will decrease as well.This law applies to all goods and services, regardless of the industry or sector. It is one of the most fundamental principles of economics and is used to explain many economic phenomena, including the behavior of producers in markets.
The supply curve is determined by the cost of production, technological progress, and the availability of resources. When the cost of production increases, the supply curve shifts to the left, and when the cost of production decreases, the supply curve shifts to the right.The availability of resources also affects the supply curve. When there are more resources available, the supply curve will shift to the right, and when there are fewer resources available, the supply curve will shift to the left.
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Question 1
Bell Ltd. exchanged a piece of equipment for land and paid $10,000 cash. The equipment
was acquired at a cost of $420,000 in previous years. At the date of exchange, the
equipment has a carrying amount (net book value) of $295,000 and the land has a fair
market value of $320,000.
Required:
Provide the entry that Bell Ltd. should record for this transaction.
The entries that Bell Ltd. should record for this transaction are: Debit Land for $320,000, Debit Loss on Disposal of Equipment for $125,000, Credit Equipment for $420,000, Credit Cash for $10,000.
The company exchanged a piece of equipment for land and paid cash as well. The fair market value of the land acquired is $320,000 and the carrying amount of the equipment is $295,000. This means that the company has incurred a loss on the disposal of the equipment, which is calculated as follows:
Carrying amount of equipment = $295,000
Fair market value of land received = $320,000
Loss on disposal of equipment = $295,000 - $320,000 = ($25,000)
Therefore, the company should record a loss on the disposal of equipment for $125,000 ($25,000 x 5) to reflect the fact that the equipment was exchanged for land with a higher fair market value.
The entry above reflects the transaction by debiting Land for its fair market value and debiting Loss on Disposal of Equipment for the loss on the exchange. The cost of the equipment is credited, and the cash paid is also credited.
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Identify two reasons for a profit and loss statement to be created and distributed to there
stakeholders?
The two reasons for a profit and loss statement to be created and distributed to there stakeholders are - To demonstrate the financial success of the business, To inform decision-making.
A profit and loss statement is an important financial document used to summarize the financial performance of a business over a period of time. It is typically created and distributed to stakeholders, such as investors, lenders, and creditors, in order to provide an overview of the company's financial performance.
The two primary reasons for creating and distributing a profit and loss statement are:
1. To demonstrate the financial success of the business: A profit and loss statement provides a clear, comprehensive overview of the company's financial position over the stated period of time. This allows stakeholders to gain insight into how the company is performing and understand its overall financial health.
2. To inform decision-making: A profit and loss statement can be used to inform stakeholders of their investments and help them make informed decisions. The document also provides stakeholders with a way to compare the performance of their investments over different periods of time.
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Alfredo Company purchased a new 3-D printer for $872,000. Although this printer is expected to last for ten years, Alfredo knows the technology will become old quickly, and so they plan to replace this printer in three years. At that point, Alfredo believes it will be able to sell the printer for $11,000. Calculate depreciation using the straight-line method.
$ = ______ ?
The annual depreciation expense using the straight-line method is $86,100.
To calculate the annual depreciation using the straight-line method, we need to determine the depreciable cost and the useful life of the asset.
Depreciable Cost = Purchase Price - Estimated Salvage Value
Depreciable Cost = $872,000 - $11,000
Depreciable Cost = $861,000
Useful Life = 10 years
Annual Depreciation Expense = Depreciable Cost / Useful Life
Annual Depreciation Expense = $861,000 / 10
Annual Depreciation Expense = $86,100
Hence, the depreciation expense = $86,100.
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how would the practice of egalitarianism be described? multiple choice the government strictly regulates prices. the government distributes social services to the poor only. the government equally distributes income and social services. the government distributes social services based on economic status. the government produces goods based on competition, supply, and demand.
The practice of egalitarianism can be described as the government equally distributing income and social services.
Egalitarianism is a political philosophy that advocates for equality among individuals and the elimination of social and economic inequalities. In the context of government, it means that the government should work to promote equal opportunities and outcomes for all citizens.
The idea of egalitarianism often includes policies that promote income equality and equal access to social services such as education, healthcare, and housing. This means that the government should work to distribute resources and services equally to all citizens, regardless of their social or economic status.
While some governments may regulate prices or distribute social services based on economic status, these policies do not fully align with the principles of egalitarianism. Instead, egalitarianism promotes the idea of equal distribution of resources and services to create a more equitable society for all individuals.
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All of the following would cause aggregate demand to shift except a
change in consumer spending.
change in productivity.
change in investment spending.
change in exports.
change in imports.
Consisting of consumption, investment, government spending, and net exports, aggregate demand is the total of these four factors.
Which of the following may cause inflation that is fueled by consumer demand?An expanding economy, higher government spending, or globalisation may all be factors driving demand-pull inflation.
Price increases could be caused by either an unusually high demand or a short supply. Inflation that is driven by demand occurs when there is an imbalance between the growing supply of products and services and the escalating demand for those goods and services.
Do rising demand and inflation go hand in hand?As demand outpaces supply in an expanding economy, prices can be raised by enterprises. Hence, the rate of inflation rises as a result.
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Carla Vista Co. reports the following for the month of June
Date Explanation Units Unit Cost Total Cost
June 1 Inventory 112 $5 $560
June 12 Purchases 366 $6 $2,196
June 23 Purchases 188 $7 $1,316
June 30 Inventory 251 a) Calculate the weighted-average unit cost.
(Round answer to 3 decimal places, e.g. 5.125.)
b) Compute the cost of the ending inventory and the cost of goods sold under FIFO, LIFO, and average-cost.
(Round answers to 0 decimal places, e.g. 125.)
FIFO LIFO Average-cost
The cost of the ending inventory The cost of goods sold
Inventory is every one of the items an organization holds available to be purchased. They are viewed as an ongoing resource on the monetary record and are for the most part esteemed at the verifiable expense. A few normal presumptions are the first-in, first-out (FIFO) method, the last-in, first-out (LIFO) method, and the average cost method.
a) The weighted-average unit cost is determined utilizing the accompanying recipe.
Weighted-average unit cost = Cost of merchandise ready to move/Units ready to move
The expense of merchandise ready to move and the units ready to move are the sums of the stock and the two buys.
Cost of merchandise ready to move = $560 + $2,196 + $1,316 = $4,072
Units ready to move = 112 units + 366 units + 188 units = 666 units
We can likewise finish a timetable appearance at the expense of merchandise ready to move.
(Table 1 is Attached Below)
Thus, The weighted-average cost per unit is $6.114 per unit.
b)Since there were 666 units ready to move and there are 251 units left in the June 30 closure stock, then, at that point, 415 units have probably been sold (666 units - 251 units).
(Table 2 is Attached Below)
Under the FIFO technique, the primary units in stock are the initial ones sold. The 415 units sold will comprise of each of the 112 units from the June 1 stock and 303 units from the June 12 buys. The 251 units in finishing stock will comprise of each of the 188 units from the June 23 buys and 63 units from the June 12 buys.
(FIFO table is attached below)
Under the LIFO strategy, the last units added to stock are the initial ones sold. The 415 units sold will comprise of each of the 188 units from the June 23 buys and 227 units from the June 12 buys. The 251 units in finishing stock will comprise of each of the 112 units from the June 1 starting stock and 139 units from the June 12 buys.
Under the average cost method, we will utilize the weighted-normal expense per unit determined in (a) above to compute the expense of merchandise sold and the closure stock.
Cost of products sold = Units sold * Weighted-normal expense per unit
Cost of products sold = 415 units * $6.114 per unit = $2,537
Finishing stock = Units in finishing stock * Weighted-normal expense per unit
Finishing stock = 251 units * $6.114 per unit = $1,535
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Managerial Roles Managers make decisions about the use of the organization's resources and are concerned with planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling the organization's activities so as to reach its objectives. Managers fulfill a range of valuable roles that are decisional, informational, or interpersonal. Categorize the various activities of two top managers, Raul Wilson and Jill Applebaum, by type of role. Managing effectively and efficiently requires certain skills: leadership, technical expertise, conceptual skills, analytical skills, and human relations skills. Here, we explore the different roles that managers fill in performing their roles. Read each statement when it appears and place the activity in the correct box in the chart on the right. Jill Applebaum Raul Wilson Entrepreneur Resource allocator Seek environment changes Communicate vision Mobilize support Negotiator Monitor Reach agreements Outline goals at meetings Appropriate resources Disseminator Establish agreements Set salaries Innovative products Spokesperson Provide example Report environment changes Evaluate performances Figurehead Public speeches Launch ad campaign State ethical quidelines Leader Establish alliances Expand Internationally Coordinate work Liaison Reset
Managerial roles can be categorized into three types: decisional, informational, and interpersonal. Decisional roles include entrepreneur, resource allocator, and negotiator. Informational roles include monitor, disseminator, and spokesperson. Interpersonal roles include figurehead, leader, and liaison.
Jill Applebaum's activities can be categorized as follows:
- Decisional: Resource allocator (appropriate resources), Negotiator (reach agreements, set salaries)
- Informational: Disseminator (provide example, report environment changes), Spokesperson (public speeches, launch ad campaign)
- Interpersonal: Figurehead (state ethical guidelines), Leader (establish alliances, coordinate work)
Raul Wilson's activities can be categorized as follows:
- Decisional: Entrepreneur (innovative products), Resource allocator (outline goals at meetings), Negotiator (establish agreements)
- Informational: Monitor (seek environment changes, evaluate performances), Disseminator (communicate vision), Spokesperson (state ethical guidelines)
- Interpersonal: Figurehead (public speeches), Leader (mobilize support, expand internationally), Liaison (reset)
Both Jill Applebaum and Raul Wilson fulfill a range of valuable roles as managers in their respective organizations. They make decisions about the use of resources, communicate information to others, and build relationships with their employees and other stakeholders. These activities are crucial for managing effectively and efficiently, and require a range of skills including leadership, technical expertise, conceptual skills, analytical skills, and human relations skills.
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What is a highly leveraged debt-to-equity ratio?
A highly leveraged debt-to-equity ratio refers to a financial ratio that indicates how much of a company's capital comes from borrowed funds compared to shareholders' equity.
A leverage ratio is a financial metric that assesses the amount of debt a company holds relative to its equity. The leverage ratio examines the extent to which the business relies on debt to finance its operations compared to equity. A leverage ratio of 2:1 indicates that the business has twice as much debt as equity. Highly leveraged debt-to-equity ratio in a highly leveraged debt-to-equity ratio, a company has borrowed more money than it has in equity. A high leverage ratio can increase the company's risk, as it may struggle to meet its financial obligations if the business does not generate enough revenue to cover the cost of the debt.
Therefore, a company with a high leverage ratio may be viewed as risky, and its investors may be reluctant to invest in its securities. When assessing the solvency of a company, investors should be aware of the company's leverage ratio. A leverage ratio that is too high could indicate that the company is in financial distress. A low leverage ratio, on the other hand, implies that the business is financially stable and has the capacity to weather economic turbulence.
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A- In the CBO reading "The Risk Exposure of the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation (September 2005)," consider Summary Table 2, p. ix. Explain intuitively (no math) why limiting a pension plan’s investments in equities to 30% of plan assets decreases the net costs of the PBGC? Why does making permanent the increased discount rate for calculating pension fund liabilities increase the costs to the PBGC? How would an increase in stock prices, a change in the risk premium for investing in stocks (holding stock prices constant), a change in the volatility of stock returns, a change in the PBGC’s investment strategy (percentages in stocks and bonds), or a change in the level of the long-term risk free rate affect these calculations? What is strange about the CBO’s use of the expected return on equity in its option-pricing approach? (For further discussion, see pp. 12-13 and Appendix C, pp. 19-25.)
The strange thing about the CBO’s use of the expected return on equity in its option-pricing approach is that they are estimating an expected return on an investment that they are not allowed to make.
Limiting a pension plan’s investments in equities to 30% of plan assets decreases the net costs of the PBGC because it reduces the amount of risk that the PBGC is exposed to in the event that the pension plan fails.
Making permanent the increased discount rate for calculating pension fund liabilities increases the costs to the PBGC because it will have to pay out a greater amount of money in the event that a plan fails.
An increase in stock prices would increase the expected return on equity, a change in the risk premium for investing in stocks would increase the expected return on equity (holding stock prices constant).
It would also bring a change in the volatility of stock returns would increase the expected return on equity, a change in the PBGC’s investment strategy (percentages in stocks and bonds) would affect the expected return on equity, and a change in the level of the long-term risk free rate would increase the expected return on equity.
The strange thing about the CBO’s use of the expected return on equity in its option-pricing approach is that they are estimating an expected return on an investment that they are not allowed to make.
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An employee who has __________ is supposed to carry out
specified tasks.
Multiple Choice
responsibility
authority
coordination
unity-of-command
span of control
An employee with responsibility is expected to do specified tasks.
What does it mean to have a task assigned to you and be expected to finish it mean?Delegation is the act of providing another person the authority and duty to complete specific duties (often from a boss to a subordinate). Delegation is the process of assigning work to another person and is one of the key concepts of management leadership.
How should you utilize carry out?The construction is carried out by the local contractor. The prison warden is looking into it. I assume that what I say will be done exactly as I say.
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cdw is a technology-related firm based in chicago. the company maintains a dedicated salesforce of account executives who are organized into a variety of divisions to primarily serve their business customers. cdw purchases equipment from manufacturers such as dell, asus, and microsoft that is then sold online or via inbound or outbound telemarketing. cdw is classified as a(n) .
Based on the information provided, CDW is classified as a technology reseller or technology products and services provider.
A reseller is a company or individual that purchases goods or services with the intention of selling them rather than consuming or using them. Yes, CDW is a technology reseller as they purchase technology products from manufacturers such as Dell, Asus, and Microsoft and then sell them to their business customers online or via inbound or outbound telemarketing. In this case, CDW purchases equipment from manufacturers and then sells it to their business customers through various channels such as online sales and telemarketing.
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thad is worried about the selling price. rumors are circulating that other retro brands of cycles may be revived. if so, the selling price for the western hombre would have to be reduced to $11,500 to compete effectively. in that event, thad would also reduce fixed expenses to $360,000 by reducing advertising expenses, but he still hopes to sell 200 units per year. d. what would the net operating income be in this situation?
The net operating income in the given situation would be $1,940,000.
Net Operating Income (NOI) is the difference between the operating revenues earned by a company and the operating expenses incurred, excluding any taxes and interest payments. Net operating income (NOI) can be calculated by subtracting total operating expenses from gross operating income, as follows:
Net Operating Income (NOI) = Gross Operating Income - Total Operating Expenses
Rumors are circulating that other retro brands of cycles may be revived. If so, the selling price for the Western Hombre would have to be reduced to $11,500 to compete effectively. In that event, Thad would also reduce fixed expenses to $360,000 by reducing advertising expenses, but he still hopes to sell 200 units per year. The selling price for the Western Hombre is given as $11,500.The total fixed expenses would be reduced to $360,000.The number of units sold per year would still be 200.
The given data can be tabulated as follows:
Particulars Amount (in dollars) Selling price11,500 Fixed expenses 360,000 Number of units200The calculation of gross operating income would be as follows:
Gross Operating Income = Selling Price * Number of Units
Gross Operating Income = $11,500 * 200 = $2,300,000
The calculation of net operating income would be as follows:
Net Operating Income (NOI) = Gross Operating Income - Total Operating Expenses
Net Operating Income (NOI) = $2,300,000 - $360,000 = $1,940,000
Therefore, the net operating income would be $1,940,000.
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A company plans to make four annual deposits of $200,000 each to a special building fund. The fund’s assets will be invested in mortgage instruments expected to pay interest at 12% on the fund’s balance.
Note: Use tables, Excel, or a financial calculator. (FV of $1, PV of $1, FVA of $1, PVA of $1, FVAD of $1 and PVAD of $1)
Required:
Determine how much will be accumulated in the fund after four years under each of the following situations:
1) The $200,000 annual deposits are made at the end of each of the four years and interest is compounded annually.
2) The $200,000 annual deposits are made at the beginning of each of the four years and interest is compounded annually.
3) The $200,000 annual deposits are made at the beginning of each of the four years and interest is compounded quarterly.
4) The $200,000 annual deposits are made at the beginning of each of the four years interest is compounded annually, and interest earned is withdrawn at the end of each year.
1
Table, Excel, or Calc Func Deposit _____
n= _____
i= _____
Fund Balance _____ 2
Table, Excel, or Calc Func Deposit _____ n= _____ i= _____ Fund Balance _____
3
i= n= Deposit Fund Balance
1st Deposit 200000 2nd Deposit 200000 3rd Deposit 200000 4th Deposit 200000 4
Deposit Amount # of Payments Interest left in Fund Fund Balance
200000 _________ _______________ __________
The accumulated fund balance after four years with beginning-of-year deposits, annual compounding, and yearly interest withdrawals is $1,658,789.60.
What is the definition of interest?Interest is a fee charged by a lender to a borrower for the use of borrowed money, usually expressed as a percentage of the amount borrowed (principal). It is essentially the cost of borrowing or lending money.
To solve this problem, we can use the future value of an annuity formula:
[tex]FV = PMT x ((1 + r)^n - 1) / r[/tex]
Where:
PMT = Payment per period (annual deposit)
r = Interest rate per period (annual interest rate divided by the number of periods)
n = Number of periods (the number of years multiplied by the number of periods per year)
End-of-year deposits, annual compounding:
PMT = $200,000
r = 12% / 1 = 12%
n = 4 x 1 = 4
FV = $200,000 x ((1 + 0.12)^4 - 1) / 0.12
= $979,690.56
Therefore, the accumulated fund balance after four years with end-of-year deposits and annual compounding is $979,690.56.
Beginning-of-year deposits, annual compounding:
PMT = $200,000
r = 12% / 1 = 12%
n = 4 x 1 = 4
[tex]FV = $200,000 x ((1 + 0.12)^4 - 1) / 0.12 x (1 + 0.12)[/tex]
= $1,101,226.62
Therefore, the accumulated fund balance after four years with beginning-of-year deposits and annual compounding is $1,101,226.62.
Beginning-of-year deposits, quarterly compounding:
PMT = $200,000
r = 12% / 4 = 3%
n = 4 x 4 = 16
[tex]FV = $200,000 x ((1 + 0.03)^16 - 1) / 0.03 x (1 + 0.03 / 4)[/tex]
= $1,118,329.83
Therefore, the accumulated fund balance after four years with beginning-of-year deposits and quarterly compounding is $1,118,329.83.
Beginning-of-year deposits, annual compounding with yearly interest withdrawals:
PMT = $200,000
r = 12% / 1 = 12%
n = 4 x 1 = 4
[tex]FV1 = $200,000 x ((1 + 0.12)^4 - 1) / 0.12[/tex]
= $979,690.56
FV2 = $200,000 x (1 + 0.12)
= $224,000
FV3 = ($979,690.56 + $224,000) x (1 + 0.12)
= $1,317,707.63
FV4 = ($1,317,707.63 + $224,000) x (1 + 0.12)
= $1,658,789.60
Therefore, the accumulated fund balance after four years with beginning-of-year deposits, annual compounding, and yearly interest withdrawals is $1,658,789.60.
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FACTS: McCann Ranch & Livestock Company Inc. was a closely held corporation created by William McCann, Sr. In the 1970s, Ron and Bill McCann, the creator’s sons, were each given 36.7 percent of the shares of the corporation. The remaining shares were held by the creator, William, until those shares were transferred to a trust to benefit his wife, Gertrude. The trustee, Gary Meisner, was given the power and discretion to vote and sell Gertrude’s shares under certain circumstances. Upon the death of the corporation’s creator, William, Bill became the President and CEO of the corporation. Then, upon the death of Gertrude, Bill received her remaining shares. In June 2008, Ron, a minority shareholder, filed an initial complaint, alleging that the corporation breached its fiduciary duty owed to him as a shareholder by engaging in a squeeze-out and that such injury is grounds for a direct action. Ron’s claim mentioned his treatment by the corporation as well as financial transactions of the corporation. The district court granted summary judgment in favor of the respondent, Bill. Ron appealed. ISSUE: May a minority shareholder bring suit against the majority shareholder for breach of fiduciary duty? REASONING: Squeeze-outs are actions taken by controlling shareholders to deprive a minority shareholder of his or her interest in a business or a fair return on an investment. Courts have analyzed the legality of squeeze-outs by referring to the conduct of the majority shareholders and how such conduct affects the minority shareholders. In other words, the law recognizes that directors owe a fiduciary duty to minority shareholders. In this case, the court reasoned that the conduct of the corporation could not be excused under the business judgement rule. Specifically, the corporation had not paid dividends despite sufficient cash flow, not provided board membership to Ron, authorized phony transactions to Gertrude to avoid any benefit to Ron, and had made management decisions that benefited Bill and Gertrude at the expense of Ron. The court inferred from these observations, along with the fact that Ron was specifically hurt from the payments that the corporation made to Gertrude, that a material question existed with regard to the corporation engaging in a squeeze-out. DECISION AND REMEDY: The court reversed in favor of Ron and remanded to address the questions of whether the alleged squeeze-out constituted a violation of fiduciary duties. SIGNIFICANCE: This case highlights the legal obligations of majority stakeholders to minority stakeholders because of the overwhelming power majority stakeholders have over the operation of the corporation.
Questions:
1. What reasons does the court give for its conclusion? Are you persuaded by those reasons?
2. Clearly, the court emphasizes particular values in its ruling. What are these values? Which shareholders in the business community are affected by focusing on these values when assessing a corporation’s fiduciary duties?
1. The court's reasoning will be dependable on the findings and the facts provided in the case.
2. The court emphasizes the values of fairness and the fiduciary duty owed by directors to minority shareholders.
1. The court reasons that the lead of the partnership in not delivering profits, giving board enrollment to Ron, approving fake exchanges to Gertrude, and settling on administration choices that helped Bill and Gertrude to the detriment of Ron, couldn't be pardoned under the business judgment rule. The court construed from these perceptions that the partnership participated in a crush out, which is a move made by controlling investors to deny a minority investor of their premium in a business or a fair profit from a venture. The court likewise takes note of that chiefs owe a trustee obligation to minority investors, and that the direct of the larger part investors influences the minority investors. In light of these reasons, the court presumed that there was a material inquiry concerning whether the supposed crush out comprised an infringement of guardian obligations.
2. The court stresses the upsides of decency and trustee obligation owed by chiefs to minority investors. Minority investors are impacted by zeroing in on these qualities while evaluating a company's trustee obligations since it guarantees that the freedoms and interests of minority investors are safeguarded. This administering can likewise affect the way of behaving of larger part investors by forcing an obligation to act to the greatest advantage of all investors, not simply themselves or their relatives. This can advance a fair and impartial circulation of corporate benefits and dynamic power among all investors.
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the balanse sheet is the foloowing
assets:
rate sensitive 35 and rate is 8.5%
non rate sensitive 30 and rate is 9.5
fixed assets 5
Liabilities:
rate sensitive 20 and the rate is 6.5%
non rate sensitive 45 and rate is 7.5%
equity 5
1. what is the dollar amount of the GAp positions
2. What is the rate differential earned on the GAp position
3. what is the expected pre tax profit on the GAP position
4. if interest rates fall unexpectedly, what will happed to net interest income of this banking organizations
The GAP position is 15. Based on the provided balance sheet, we can calculate the GAP position as follows:
Rate Sensitive Assets = 35 Rate Sensitive Liabilities = 20 GAP = Rate Sensitive Assets - Rate Sensitive Liabilities GAP = 35 - 20 = 15Therefore, the GAP position is 15.
To calculate the rate differential earned on the GAP position, we would need additional information such as the time frame for which the rates are sensitive, and the interest rate sensitivity of both the assets and liabilities.
The expected pre-tax profit on the GAP position would depend on the interest rate sensitivity of the assets and liabilities and the rate differential earned on the GAP position.
If interest rates fall unexpectedly, the net interest income of this banking organization would increase, as the reduction in the interest rates would decrease the interest expense on the rate-sensitive liabilities faster than the decrease in the interest income on the rate-sensitive assets.
Please note that the calculations provided here are only a general guide and may not accurately reflect the actual financial situation of the organization. Financial decisions should be based on more detailed analysis and professional expertise.
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Adelaide Winery Inc. had a net income before taxes of
$300,000
and sales of
$1,500,000
in 2022 . If it is in the
30%
tax bracket, calculate its after-tax profit margin. [Show detailed calculation with a formula to get proper credit
Answer:
Try using chatgpt to get your answers quickly. Check it out online
Explanation:
The after-tax profit margin is calculated as the after-tax net income divided by sales, expressed as a percentage.
To calculate the after-tax net income, we need to first calculate the amount of taxes owed. We can do this by multiplying the net income before taxes by the tax rate:
Taxes owed = Net income before taxes x Tax rate = $300,000 x 30% = $90,000
The after-tax net income is calculated by subtracting the taxes owed from the net income before taxes:
After-tax net income = Net income before taxes - Taxes owed = $300,000 - $90,000 = $210,000
The after-tax profit margin is calculated by dividing the after-tax net income by sales, and multiplying by 100 to express the result as a percentage:
After-tax profit margin = (After-tax net income / Sales) x 100% = ($210,000 / $1,500,000) x 100% = 14%
Therefore, the after-tax profit margin for Adelaide Winery Inc. is 14%.
budget deficits: a always increase when unemployment increases and increase when real gdp increases. b always decrease with inflation and increase with deflation. c always increase when unemployment increases and fall when unemployment falls. d always increase when aggregate price level increases and fall when aggregate price level falls. e always decrease when unemployment increases and increase when unemployment falls.
A budget deficit will always increase when unemployment increases and increase when real GDP increases. (A)
This is because an increase in unemployment leads to a decrease in the total tax revenue, which leads to an increase in the budget deficit. An increase in real GDP will lead to an increase in the government's income and will lead to a decrease in the budget deficit.
Inflation and deflation will have different effects on the budget deficit. An increase in inflation will lead to a decrease in the budget deficit, while a decrease in inflation will lead to an increase in the budget deficit.
This is because when inflation increases, prices rise, which leads to an increase in the government's revenue. A decrease in inflation will lead to a decrease in the government's revenue and an increase in the budget deficit.
Finally, the budget deficit will always increase when unemployment increases and fall when unemployment falls. This is because an increase in unemployment leads to a decrease in the total tax revenue, which leads to an increase in the budget deficit.
Conversely, a decrease in unemployment leads to an increase in the total tax revenue, which leads to a decrease in the budget deficit. (A)
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determine the fair value measurement of the investment in javier inc. if exchange one is determined to be the principal market. $answer
To determine the fair value measurement of the investment in Javier Inc. if exchange one is determined to be the principal market, we need to look at the price at which the investment can be sold in that market.
The fair value measurement is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.
Here are the steps to determine the fair value measurement of the investment:
1. Identify the principal market for the investment. In this case, it is exchange one.
2. Determine the price at which the investment can be sold in that market. This price is the fair value measurement of the investment.
3. If there are any transaction costs associated with selling the investment, subtract those costs from the price to get the net fair value measurement.
4. Report the net fair value measurement of the investment on the financial statements.
So, the fair value measurement of the investment in Javier Inc. if exchange one is determined to be the principal market is $answer.
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Imagine that you are the recruiting manager for RTMM Inc., rate is to cnhance candidates
∗
understanding of the company a software development company. You have had trouble per- and its value proposition. To thoroughly identify the bensuading top candidates to join your firm because it is not yet efits of the job and of working for RTMM, you conducted well known. You have attracted a sufficient number of quali- focus groups with your current software engineers to learn fied candidates, but too many of them are tuming down your what they valued about their jobs and about the company. job offers and accepting opportunities with your competitors. This is the job rewards matrix you created through these Based on your conversations with job candidates, you focus groups: think that the key to increasing your job offer acceptance Your assignment is to identify the types of people who Jackson, persuading her to accept your previously extended, might be attracted to this opportunity, and to write a one- competitive job offer. page letter to a hypothetical job offer recipient named Keisha
The job rewards matrix suggests that RTMM offers its employees a good work-life balance, job security, and a positive company culture.
These are the key benefits that job candidates might find attractive. To increase job offer acceptance, RTMM should highlight these benefits in its job postings and interviews. It should also consider offering more competitive salaries and benefits packages to match those of its competitors.
Keisha Jackson might be attracted to RTMM's company culture, which values teamwork and innovation. She may also appreciate the work-life balance that RTMM offers, as it allows her to pursue her personal interests outside of work.
In the one-page letter, RTMM should highlight these benefits and make a compelling case for why Keisha should choose to work for the company.
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Antoinette owns 400 shares of common stock of Gertz Incorporated which she acquired on May 28, 2015, for $43120. On April 14, 2020, Antoinette received 40 shares of Gertz’s common stock. The fair market value of the 40 shares on April 14, 2020, was $6272. Gertz’s current E&P for 2020 was $30400. Assume that the stock dividend was disproportionate, determine the tax basis of the new 40 shares. [For your answer, please ignore the dollar sign and the comma.]
The tax basis of the new 40 shares is $2,705.
What is the solution?Tax basis = Adjusted basis x Distribution ratio
Adjusted basis = Original Cost + Purchase price of shares = $43120 + $6272 = $49392.
Distribution ratio = FMV of New shares / FMV of Old Shares = $6272/$43120 = 0.1453540 shares received = 400 shares x 0.14535 = 58.14154 shares (rounded to nearest whole number)
Tax basis of the new 40 shares = Adjusted basis x Distribution ratio = $49392 x 0.14535 = $2,705.
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ABC Stock value on the expiration date of call option is $88.50.
The call purchased with a $2.20 premium & an exercise price of
$85, what is the breakeven price? * $88.50. $87.20. $86.30.
The breakeven price is $87.20. So, the correct option is B.
What is breakeven?In finance, the breakeven point refers to the point at which total revenue equals total expenses or costs. There are two primary ways to define and calculate this point, depending on whether you're referring to a company's financial statements or a more detailed budget or cost analysis.
There are several ways to compute a breakeven point for an options contract. The formula for determining the breakeven point is as follows: breakeven = strike price + premium paid.
The given problem can be solved as follows:
Breakeven = Strike price + Premium paid
Breakeven = $85 + $2.20
Breakeven = $87.20
Therefore, the breakeven price is $87.20.
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